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1.
Suniti Misra Mrinal K. Ghosh A. Choudhury Ashis K. Dutta Prasanta K. Pal Amitabha Ghosh 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》1985,36(11):1193-1196
Fatty acids of the total lipids of flesh and hepatopancreas of Macoma sp. have been determined. The level of 20:5w3 (ca 17%), a biologically important fatty acid, was found to be considerably high. Other major component fatty acids were 16:0, 16:1, 18:1 and 22:4w6. High levels of 22:5w6 (8%), 22:5w3 (8%) and 22:6w3 (ca 15%) were found in flesh lipid. Nonsaponifiables were also high (28–30%). Alkyl ether acyl glycerols were found in flesh (1.3%) and hepatopancreas (3.8%). 相似文献
2.
Bo Jiang Jeffrey L. Brown Jane Sheraton Nathalie Fortin Howard Bussey 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》1994,10(3):341-353
We have identified three yeast genes, KES1, HES1 and OSH1, whose products show homology to the human oxysterol binding protein (OSBP). Mutations in these genes resulted in pleiotropic sterol-related phenotypes. These include tryptophan-transport defects and nystatin resistance, shown by double and triple mutants. In addition, mutant combinations showed small but apparently cumulative reductions in membrane ergosterol levels. The three yeast genes are also functionally related as overexpression of HES1 or KES1 alleviated the tryptophan-transport defect in kes1Δ or osh1Δ mutants, respectively. Our study implicates this new yeast gene family in ergosterol synthesis and provides comparative evidence of a role for human OSBP in cholesterol synthesis. 相似文献
3.
Byung‐Sung Park Sang‐O Park 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2016,51(12):2512-2519
The ingestion of egg has been reported to lower blood cholesterol, but the mechanism is unclear. Here, the biochemical metabolic mechanism by which the oral administration of egg yolk affects blood lipid reduction was investigated using normal rats. Blood triglycerides and total cholesterol were lower and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher in an egg yolk‐given group compared to other groups, while low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased in the pork belly oil‐given group. HMG‐CoA reductase activity was higher in the pork belly oil‐given group, compared to an egg yolk‐given group, a weekly alternating administration of pork belly oil and egg yolk‐given group, and the saline‐given normal control group. However, faecal excretions of total sterol, neutral sterol and acid sterol in an egg yolk‐given group were higher compared to the pork belly oil‐given group, a weekly alternating administration of pork belly oil and egg yolk‐given group, and a normal control group. The results suggested that ingestion of egg decreased blood lipids. 相似文献
4.
Cholesterol oxidation in lard containing two levels of added cholesterol was monitored using capillary gaschromatography.
Loss of cholesterol and formation of cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) were measured. Lard samples with 10 times (Test
I) and 2 times (Test II) the amount of cholesterol originally found in each batch of lard were heated at 180°C for 10 hr a
day for 240 and 160 hr, respectively. Cholesterol steadily decreased throughout the heating period in both tests. Cholesterol
loss followed a first-order reaction rate, with a rate constant (k) of −1.18×10−3 h−1 for Test I and −9.45×10−3 h−1 for Test II. The COPs accumulated during both heating tests. But the amount of COPs formed did not total the amount of cholesterol
lost. During heating, thermal degradation of cholesterol likely occurred, and those products were not detected. During cooling,
hydroperoxides formed, which further oxidized into the COPs that were detected. The 7-ketocholesterol and 5α,6α-epoxycholesterol
were the predominant COPs formed. The isomeric 7α-and 7β-hydroxycholesterols also accumulated in the heating tests. The 3β,5α,6β-cholestantriol
was found in very small amounts and the 25-hydroxycholesterol was not detected.
Presented in part at the 80th AOCS Annual Meeting, Cincinnati, OH, in May, 1989. 相似文献
5.
The Content and Composition of Total,Free, and Esterified Sterols of Lotus Plumule Oil by GC–MS/FID
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Shuai Chen Yanlan Bi Shangde Sun Jingnan Chen 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2017,94(3):363-373
This study investigated the content and composition of total, free, and esterified sterols of three varieties of lotus plumule oil (Hunan lotus, Jiangxi lotus, and Fujian lotus) using GC–MS/FID. The fatty acid composition of sterol fatty acid esters (SFAE) was also analyzed and compared with that of triglycerides. Results showed that total sterol of lotus plumule oil (12.10–14.21 g/100 g) was higher than that of other plant oils (corn germ oil, 1.11 g/100 g; rapeseed oil, 0.78 g/100 g). No significant difference was found among the total sterol contents of the three types of lotus plumule oils (p > 0.05). Most sterol existed in ester forms (81.8–89.1%) rather than in free forms (8.4–10.1%). β‐Sitosterol (71.4–73.4%), and campesterol (6.2–7.5%) were the predominant fractions of free sterols. β‐Sitosterol (41.3–53.7%) and ?5‐avenasterol (27.1–31.1%) were the predominant fractions of esterified sterols, followed by campesterol (12.1–13.0%) and ?7‐avenasterol (3.4–3.7%). Linoleic acid (63.6–65.8%), oleic acid (8.3–10.4%), and behenic acid (9.0–9.9%) were the main fatty acids of SFAE, which were different from those of triglycerides. The results from this study suggest that lotus plumule oil may be a good resource of SFAE and can be used as a supplemental ingredient in functional foods. 相似文献
6.
目的:研究米糠植物甾醇对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)大鼠的干预治疗作用。方法:实验选用50只健康SD雄性大鼠,随机分为正常对照组、NASH模型组和米糠甾醇低、中、高3个剂量组(65、130、195 mg/kg)。高脂饲料饲喂造模,各实验组同时进行米糠甾醇溶液灌胃干预。13周后观察各组大鼠肝组织病理学特点,测定血清中血脂总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量和谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、一氧化氮合酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性,并比较各组肝脏指数和脾脏指数。结果:肝脏组织切片观察到NASH模型组有明显的肝细胞脂肪变性和炎症聚集浸润,米糠甾醇各治疗组肝组织病变呈现不同程度减轻。NASH模型组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量、超氧化物歧化酶、一氧化氮合酶、谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性与正常对照组相比,均表现出明显异常;米糠甾醇各剂量组与NASH模型组比较,血清谷丙转氨酶显著降低(P<0.001)、谷草转氨酶/谷丙转氨酶比值显著升高(P<0.01);低剂量组血清超氧化物歧化酶(P<0.05)和一氧化氮合酶(P<0.001)显著降低;中剂量组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:米糠甾醇对大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎有预防与治疗作用。 相似文献
7.
8.
Caroline Fauquant Valérie Briard‐Bion Nadine Leconte Michel Guichardant Marie‐Caroline Michalski 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2007,109(12):1167-1173
Native milk fat globules of various mean diameters, ranging from d43 = 2.3 µm to 8.0 µm, were obtained using microfiltration of raw whole milk. After milk fat globule washing, the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) was separated by manual churning. After total lipid extraction and separation of polar lipids, their phospholipid (PL) and sterol composition was measured using thin‐layer chromatography, methyl ester analyses by gas chromatography, and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The main PL species were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin. The respective fatty acid composition of each PL species was measured. Many different minor bioactive sterols were detected in the MFGM, e.g. lanosterol, lathosterol, desmosterol, stigmasterol and β‐sitosterol. No significant differences in the PL and sterol profile were found between MFGM extracted from small and large milk fat globule fractions. 相似文献
9.
Pivi Laakso 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2005,107(6):402-410
Two methods suitable for routine phytostanol/phytosterol analysis of various sterol‐enriched food matrices and phytostanyl/phytosteryl fatty acid ester ingredients are introduced. A method based on hot saponification of a sample with ethanolic potassium hydroxide in the presence of an internal standard (5β‐cholestan‐3α‐ol) is adequate for most matrices, such as spread, milk and yoghurt. Some matrices, like pasta, require acid hydrolysis in order to release matrix‐incorporated bound sterols or sterols from steryl glycosides before the saponification step. After saponification, the unsaponifiable material containing phytostanols and phytosterols is extracted into an organic solvent (e.g. heptane), followed by evaporation of the solvent to dryness. Sterols are separated as their trimethylsilyl ether derivatives with a gas‐liquid chromatograph (GC), on a column coated with 5% phenyl/95% dimethylpolysiloxane, and detected with a flame ionization detector. The GC conditions applied provide efficient separation of the most abundant phytostanols/phytosterols in 15 min, a wide linear range of stanols/sterols without the need of defining sterol response factors. The methods are repeatable and accurate, as shown with standard addition trials. These methods were applied to determine phytostanol/phytosterol contents of several sterol‐enriched functional food products, and the analyzed amounts were in good accordance with the information provided on the packaging labels. 相似文献
10.