时效和回归处理对7075铝合金力学及腐蚀性能的影响

用维氏硬度计和慢应变速率拉伸（SSRT）技术研究了7075铝合金以不同制度时效和回归处理后的强度和应力腐蚀断裂（SCC）行为。结果表明：7075铝合金的强度，硬度和SCC敏感性与时效温度和时间密切相关。对于单级时效，峰时效7075－T6铝合金的强度最大，但其SCC敏感性也最大。过时效T7351及A180能显著提高合金的耐SCC性，SSRT拉伸断裂强度却下降约20％。多级时效，回归再时效（RRA）不仅能降低7075铝合金的应力腐蚀敏感性，而且能保持较高的强度。     

ANALYSIS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF PRECIPITATES IN ULTRA-THIN HOT STRIP OF PLAIN LOW CARBON STEEL PRODUCED BY COMPACT STRIP PRODUCTION

This paper investigated the mechanism of precipitation and its influence upon prop-erties of ultra-thin hot strips of low carbon steel produced by CSP techniques using experiment and thermodynamics theory. The experimental results show that there are lots of fine and dispersive precipitates in microstructures. By analysis, most of aluminum nitrides are in grains, while coexisted precipitates of MnS are along grain boundaries. Coexisted precipitates compose cation-vacancy type oxides such as Al2O3 in the core, while MnS is at the fringe of surface. The precipitation behavior of AlN and MnS in the hot strip is studied by thermodynamic calculation. At last, implica-tions between strengthening effect and techniques are analyzed using obtained solubility products.     

Ti-Nb复合微合金化高强度钢强化机理研究

以国内某钢厂的热轧高强度钢为研究对象,进行拉伸试验,利用OM和TEM分析了钢显微组织、第二相析出粒子形貌和尺寸等.结果表明,实验钢的屈服强度657 MPa、抗拉强度744 MPa、伸长率18.7％.微合金元素的加入使钢材晶粒明显细化,屈服强度的细晶强化增量为321.5 MPa,为提高材料强度的主要强化机制;研究析出的第二相粒子可知,基体中纳米级析出的(Nb,Ti)(C,N)粒子阻碍位错运动,是提高材料强度的主要机制之一,起到析出强化作用,屈服强度的析出强化量为78.58 MPa.     

内燃机活塞材料及其强化工艺研究现状与展望

介绍了内燃机活塞材料的最新研究动态,综述了各种活塞材料的最新研究成果,并概括了各种活塞材料的应用领域和前景.     

回火工艺对低碳贝氏体高强钢组织与性能的影响

采用两阶段控轧控冷工艺轧制低碳贝氏体高强钢,在不同温度下进行一定时间的回火处理,检测回火处理前后钢板的力学性能,并对比分析了显微组织.结果表明,析出强化在回火处理前后起主导作用;随着回火温度的提高,组织从粒状贝氏体向准多边形铁素体过渡;在600 ～750℃进行回火处理,试验钢中的析出相粒子均匀弥散析出,屈服强度上升了90～135 MPa,抗拉强度上升了15 ～ 55 MPa;准多边形铁素体组织在-20℃的冲击功不低于30 J.     

微合金元素对V-N中碳微合金钢组织和性能的影响

采用金相显微镜和透射电镜等分析方法研究了微合金元素对V-N中碳微合金钢组织和性能的影响.结果表明,V-N中碳微合金钢的热轧态组织为铁素体+珠光体组织,随着钢中V、N含量增加,铁素体含量增多,晶粒变细;微合金钢中的V、Ti、N等元素主要以V(C,N)和V(C,N)+Ti(C,N)形式析出,其中V(C,N)颗粒细小,而V(C,N)+Ti(C,N)颗粒较粗大;细小、弥散分布在钢中的V(C,N)相以析出强化的方式改善了中碳微合金钢的综合力学性能;而适量的Ti在钢中形成弥散分布的TiN相阻止热加工过程中奥氏体晶粒的过分长大,细化了微合金钢的组织.     

碳钢表面氩弧熔覆镍基复合涂层的强化机制

利用氩弧熔覆技术,在45钢表面成功制备出镍基复合涂层,应用OM、SEM对复合涂层显微组织进行了分析,通过硬度测试和磨损试验,对熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性进行了研究.结果表明:复合涂层主要由镍基固溶体上弥散分布着大量的树枝晶硬质相组成,涂层与基体结合良好,无气孔、裂纹等缺陷;复合涂层的硬度大约是基体硬度的3倍,耐磨性约为基体的6倍,复合涂层的性能较基体材料大大提高,延长了产品的使用寿命,为汽车零部件的再制造技术奠定了基础.     

回火工艺对铌钛低碳贝氏体钢组织与性能的影响

通过光学显微镜、透射电镜和力学性能检验,研究了回火温度对TMCP型铌钛微合金化低碳贝氏体钢微观组织结构、第二相析出及力学性能的影响。结果表明,回火后力学性能非单调变化,归因于铌钛微合金化钢在回火过程中,贝氏体内位错亚结构回复软化与第二相析出强化及碳的脱溶机制综合作用。400～500℃回火,Nb、Ti第二相持续析出强化,随回火温度的升高,板条贝氏体回复作用逐渐加强并逐渐达到回复稳定状态。回火温度≥500℃时,M/A岛组织发生分解,贝氏体板条合并、组织粗化,析出相聚集长大,固溶元素脱溶,组织演变为贝氏体和铁素体,强度持续降低,但韧塑性得到改善。550℃回火后钢板具有最佳综合力学性能:抗拉强度为790 MPa,屈服强度为740 MPa,伸长率为16.5%,-20℃冲击吸收能量为250 J。     

Dislocation-Induced Precipitation and Its Strengthening of Al–Cu–Li–Mg Alloys with High Mg

Generally, the good combination of pre-deformation and aging can improve the mechanical strength of the Al–Cu–Li–Mg alloys. However, the effects of pre-deformation on competitive precipitation relationship and precipitation strengthening have not been clarified in detail in Al–Cu–Li–Mg alloys with high Mg. In the present study, the effects of pre-deformation level on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an Al–2.95 Cu–1.55 Li–0.57 Mg–0.18 Zr alloy have been investigated. It is found that the introduction of dislocation by 5% pre-deformation can facilitate the precipitation of new successive composite precipitates and T _1 precipitates along the sub-grain boundaries or dislocations and inhibit the precipitation of dispersive GPB zones which is the main precipitates of the alloys without pre-deformation. The introduction of 5% pre-deformation can enhance the mechanical properties considerably. When the pre-deformation level increases from 5 to 15%, the number density of the successive composite precipitates and T _1 precipitates increases, and the aspect ratio of T _1 precipitates decreases. The decrease in T _1 precipitate aspect ratio and the increment of the successive composite precipitates result in the reduction in precipitation strengthening. Therefore, the increase in pre-deformation level from 5 to 15% does not further improve the mechanical properties of the alloys, although the dislocation strengthening increases continuously.     

拉/压冷变形对2A14铝合金时效强化的影响

利用X射线衍射仪和DSC差热扫描量热仪进行测试,结合铝合金的析出相强化和位错强化理论模型,研究了在固溶-拉/压冷变形-时效过程中2A14铝合金强度的变化规律.结果表明:相比于压缩冷变形,拉伸冷变形引入的位错密度较大,因而位错强化作用更强;拉伸冷变形欠时效阶段(θ相析出之前)促进合金中强化相θ′相的析出,过时效阶段(θ相...