贵州滑石矿床类型及找矿标志

贵州的滑石矿床根据其成矿地质条件可分为沉积型和中低温热液型两种类型。沉积型滑石矿床产于碳酸盐岩建造中,层位稳定、厚度较大。与超基性岩建造有关的中低温热液型滑石矿脉规模小、变化大,但矿石质量较好。通过研究滑石矿床地质特征,进一步总结了区域找矿标志。     

Novel chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol/talc composite for adsorption of heavy metals and dyes from aqueous solution

ABSTRACT

In this study, adsorption capability of chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol/talc composite (CPTC) in removal of Congo red, Methyl orange, Pb²⁺, and Cr⁶⁺ was evaluated. CPTC was characterized using Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and weight loss test. Flocculation was the main phenomena in Congo red removal for 100 mg/L and in Methyl orange for <100 mg/L. The removal amounts of Pb²⁺ and Cr⁶⁺ were 96% and close to 100% up to 200 mg/L, and 88% and 92% at 400 mg/L, respectively. Langmuir model demonstrated better results in describing the heavy metals removal. Moreover, it was found that kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order equation.     

卤素吸收剂在聚丙烯生产中的应用

分别采用硬脂酸钙和水合滑石粉作为卤素吸收剂生产拉丝级聚丙烯(PP)1102K,分析了两种卤素吸收剂对PP灰分、力学性能、黄色指数及后加工的影响。结果表明,采用硬脂酸钙可将产品灰分降低至250μg/g,并提高了产品的综合性能。     

Thermo-mechanical properties of polyethylene composites filled with soapstone waste

In this study, soapstone waste originated from craftsmanship activities was used as an alternative filler (0–30 wt%) for a high-density polyethylene (PE) matrix. The aim of this paper is to understand the effect of the filler particles on crystallinity, thermal stability and thermo-mechanical properties of this newly developed composite material. Physico-chemical characterization was performed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), oxidation induction time (OIT) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMA) were performed to assess the effect of the filler on the themo-mechanical properties of PE. Thermal stability, measured by TGA, was enhanced, while OIT values reduced with filler content. A significant increase on the storage modulus of the composites (up to 148% in comparison with unfilled PE) was observed and this reinforcing effect was even more prominent at higher temperatures. XRD analysis revealed that the degree of crystallinity improved significantly with soapstone loading, which explains the substantial increase in stiffness observed. Increased crystallinity is also associated with higher strength, reduced residual stress, and better dimensional stability of end products, which can be particularly attractive for pressure pipe applications.     

PET/滑石粉复合材料结晶性能、热性能和力学性能研究

采用差示扫描量热仪、热重分析仪等研究了滑石粉作为成核剂对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）结晶性能、热性能以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,滑石粉的添加量为0.5 %（质量分数,下同）时,可有效改善PET的结晶性能,结晶温度（Tc）比经历相同热历程的PET空白试样提高11.36 ℃,且结晶完善程度随降温速率的减小而提高;非等温结晶动力学研究发现,Jeziorny法和莫志深法更符合复合材料的非等温结晶过程,而二次结晶的存在使Ozawa法并不适用;由于滑石粉与基体树脂相容性好并可均匀分散,从而很好地保持了原树脂的热性能,且所得复合材料的力学性能均有所提高,其中拉伸性能提高12 %。     

滑石中二氧化硅含量测定的新方法

本文研究了以CTMAB为沉淀剂重量法测定二氧化硅的新方法。该方法具有省时、节能、准确度高等特点,用于滑石中二氧人硅的测定,结果令人满意。     

冬瓜山铜矿深部矿石工艺矿物学研究

冬瓜山铜矿属于复杂难选矿石,具有铜磁黄铁矿、层状滑石、蛇纹石类型矿石占比高的特点,该性质对铜的选别过程具有不利影响,影响铜精矿品位和铜回收率。因此,开展该矿石的矿物学特性研究,对指导选矿生产具有重要的现实意义。研究的主要内容包括:矿石化学成分分析、矿物组成及含量、主要矿物的粒度及嵌布特征分析、不同磨矿细度下重要矿物的解离度分析,并对影响选别指标的工艺矿物学因素进行总结。工艺矿物学研究表明,冬瓜山深部矿石中铜矿物绝大部分为黄铜矿,墨铜矿占8.46%,且含有24.26%的滑石、蛇纹石易浮层状脉石矿物;黄铜矿、墨铜矿、磁黄铁矿、磁铁矿和黄铁矿的嵌布粒度不均匀,尤其是20μm以下部分占11.04%,在磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级含量占75%时,仍有26.06%与脉石连生。以上性质都是铜选矿的重要影响因素,对指导选矿厂生产具有重要的意义。     

增强增韧尼龙66工程塑料流变行为的研究

对以合金化技术改性所得增强增韧尼龙６６进行流变行为研究的结果表明，填充玻纤，可使其增强，但使流动性能下降：共混接枝聚丙烯，可使其增韧，并改善加工流动性，填充超细滑石粉，除有一定增强作用外，也使加工流动性，制品表面光滑程度和尺寸稳定性得到改善。填充共混的协同作用使改性尼龙６６有较好的综合性能。     

金川矿石中脉石矿物易浮原因的探讨

通过对金川原矿矿石性质研究和精矿及尾矿中硫化矿物的XPS表面测试、扫描电镜统计及能谱测试,探索了金川矿石中脉石矿物易浮的原因。结果表明,金川硫化物表面易与镁结合,蛇纹石表面常有墨铜矿及羟镁硫铁矿,这两个矿物在蛇纹石表面形成使蛇纹石向滑石转变,蛇纹石表面已滑石化或为蛇纹石与滑石的过渡相,这是造成金川脉石矿物易浮且难以抑制的原因。     

PP/Talc复合材料的非等温结晶动力学

用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究聚丙烯(PP)及PP／Talc复合材料的非等温结晶过程,加入滑石粉后,PP／Talc的结晶速率、结晶度得到明显提高。结合Avrami和Ozawa方程得出一个适合于非等温的结晶动力学方程,并由此获得PP／Talc复合材料的非等温结晶动力学参数,计算表明Talc能促进PP材料的结晶。