水产品加工废水深度处理的试验

进行了用"生物接触氧化-微滤膜"组合工艺对水产品加工废水深度处理的试验研究.试验结果表明:在进水COD约900~1 200 ms/L,水力停留时间>16 h的情况下,平均出水COD<50 ms/t,达到再生水杂用水质标准.同时,研究探讨了处理过程中膜组件的污染及清洗问题,为实际工程中膜的运行提供了必要的参考.     

高浓度超稠油乳化废水预处理工艺与实践

超稠油在加工过程中产生大量高浓度乳化废水,常规炼油污水处理场难以处理并导致外排水严重超标.以某稠油加工企业高浓度超稠油乳化废水为研究对象,对其物理化学性质,沉降、破乳、絮凝条件进行了系统研究,并在大量试验的基础上开发出预处理工艺.相应装置建成后运行平稳高效,废水得到高效的处理与污油资源回收.     

纳滤回收染料废水中染料的实验研究

以含盐染料废水为研究对象,应用商业化的卷式膜组件,研究了纳滤膜对染料和盐的截留特性．实验结果表明,纳滤膜对染料的截留率高达99％以上．当染料分子量高于膜截留分子量时,染料初始浓度和染料品种对染料截留率的影响甚小,盐浓度对染料截留也无明显影响,但对NaCl截留率影响显著．随料液中NaCl浓度的增加,盐截留率快速下降,当盐浓度达到3．5％时,NaCl的截留率低于25％．纳滤膜对染料的高截留率和对NaCl的低截留率,使得应用纳滤技术从含盐染料废水中回收染料具有较好的经济性和可行性．     

氨氮废水的处理技术及发展

综述了当前氨氮废水处理技术的原理和各自的优缺点, 介绍了国内外氨氮废水处理的研究现状, 同时对氨氮废水处理前景进行了展望, 并提出了今后应着重考虑的几个问题。     

纳米钛酸锶的制备及超声降解碱性品红废水研究

以硝酸锶、钛酸四丁酯、柠檬酸和乙二醇为原料,采用络合溶胶-凝胶法制备钛酸锶纳米粉体,借助粉末X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对产物进行表征。对产品降解碱性品红的性能进行研究,对比试验了无钛酸锶、不同钛酸锶添加量、不同双氧水加量对一定浓度碱性品红降解率的影响。结果表明:碱性品红浓度为40mg/L,钛酸锶用量为1g/L,双氧水为5mL/L时,超声降解10min,碱性品红降解率达97.7%,且回收7次重复使用降解效果仍在95%以上。这种方法对处理三苯甲烷类染料废水有一定实用参考意义。     

Degradation of Anionic Dye Eosin by Glow Discharge Electrolysis Plasma

This paper describes a novel method for the degradation of eosin by using glow discharge electrolysis （GDE）. The effects of various parameters on the removal efficiency were studied. It was found that the eosin degradation could be raised considerably by increasing the applied voltage and the initial concentration, or by decreasing pH of the aqueous solution. Fe^2＋ ion had an evident accelerating effect on the eosin degradation. The degradation process of eosin obeyed a pseudo-first-order reaction. The relationship between the degradation rate constant k and the reaction temperature T could be expressed by Arrhenius equation with which the apparent activation energy Ea of 14.110 kJ· mol^-1 and the pre-exponential factor k0 of 2.065× 10^-1 min^-1 were obtained, too. The determination of hydroxyl radical was carried out by using N, N-dimethyl -p-nitrosoaniline （RNO） as a scavenger. The results showed that the hydroxyl radical plays an important role in the degradation process.     

有机化工废水COD与TOC的相关性

研究了有机化工废水COD与TOC的相关性。用Rosemount DC-85A有机总碳测定仪测定了有机废水的TOC,并通过TOC回归方程(COD=a+bTOC)的表达,发现它们有很好的相关性。可以用TOC值作有机化工废水污染的快速监测。     

Customized Utilization Strategies of Industrial Lignin to Produce Adsorbents and Flocculants Based on Fractionation and Adequate Structural Interpretation

Lignin, a by-product of pulping and biorefinery, has great potential to replace petrochemical resources for wastewater purification. However, the defects of lignin, such as severe heterogeneity, inferior reactivity and poor solubility, characterize the production process of lignin-based products by high energy consumption and serious pollution. In this study, several lignin fractions with relatively homogeneous structure were first obtained by organic solvent fractionation, and their structures were fully deciphered by various characterization techniques. Subsequently, each lignin component was custom-valued for wastewater purification based on their structural characteristics. Benefiting from the high reactivity and reaction accessibility, the lignin fraction (lignin-1) refined by dissolving in ethanol and n-butanol could been used as a raw material to produce cationic lignin-based flocculant (LBF) in a copolymerization system using green, cheap and recyclable ethanol as solvent. The lignin fraction (lignin-2) extracted by methanol and dioxane showed low reactivity and high carbon content, which was used to produce lignin-based activated carbon (LAC) with phosphoric acid as activator. Moreover, the influences of synthetic factors on the purification capacity were discussed, and the LBF and LAC produced under the optimal conditions showed distinguished purification effect on kaolin suspension and heavy metal wastewater, respectively. Furthermore, the corresponding purification mechanism and external factors were also elaborated. It is believed that this cleaner production strategy is helpful for the valorization of lignin in wastewater resources.     

UASB+SBR工艺处理糖果废水

针对糖果废水的特点,采用UASB SBR工艺处理箭牌糖果(中国)有限公司番禺工厂的糖果废水,通过介绍处理工艺流程和工艺调试运行过程,提出了影响工艺调试的因素及相应的控制措施。工程实践证明,UASB SBR工艺是糖果废水有效的处理工艺,出水水质达到《水污染物排放限值》(DB44/26-2001)中第二时段的三级标准。     

磁化破乳剂处理含聚污水机理研究

磁化破乳剂是一种新型的油水分离剂,能快速实现油水分离且能重复利用,研究了前期合成的磁化破乳剂(M-DMEA)处理含聚污水的机理,考察了M-DMEA对界面活性物质(沥青质、胶质和聚合物)的吸附性能,探讨了界面活性物质浓度和温度对M-DMEA吸附不同界面活性物质的影响及M-DMEA浓度和温度对水中油滴聚并速率常数的影响。实验结果表明,相同浓度下,M-DMEA对3种物质的吸附率大小的顺序为:沥青质胶质聚合物;M-DMEA对沥青质和胶质的吸附为Langmuir吸附,且对沥青质的吸附是吸热过程,对胶质的吸附是放热过程;M-DMEA对聚合物吸附为Freundlich吸附。温度升高,M-DMEA表面的亲油性增强,油滴聚并速率常数增大,增加M-DMEA浓度也会促进水中油滴聚并速率常数的增大。