我国黄麻纺织业的现状和发展对策

阐述了中国黄麻纺织业的产量和产品现状，提出了调整产品结构。大力发展产业用纺织品并向装饰和服装领域延伸的发展方略，甚至超越纺织。     

用于调温纺织品的相变材料及制备技术

利用相变材料的独特性能可制备具有智能调温功能的纺织品.分析了调温纺织品对相变材料的要求,讨论了用于调温纺织品的相变材料应具备的条件,介绍了适用于智能调温纺织品的相变材料种类,并对复合相变材料的制备工艺作了总结.     

高效液相色谱法测定纺织品中三氯生的研究

通过研究色谱条件、萃取条件及方法的测定底限、回收率、重复性等,确定了利用高效液相色谱法测定纺织品中三氯生含量的最佳测试方法,即检测波长为282 nm,萃取溶剂为甲醇,萃取溶剂体积为25 mL,萃取时间为30 min.该方法在0.1~100 mg/L的线性相关系数r=0.999 8,检测底限为1 mg/kg,回收率为86%~103%.     

中国防疫纺织品现状分析及创新发展建议

当前全世界范围内对防疫纺织品重要性的认识已上升至前所未有的高度,产业基础、市场环境和创新发展生态都发生了巨大变化,疫情常态化下亟需对我国防疫纺织品创新发展进行思考和布局。在近4年的“培育和推广十大类纺织创新产品”评选工作中,口罩、防护服等防疫纺织品共计19件产品获选,是该领域创新发展的代表性体现。为此,文章梳理和分析了防疫纺织品的发展史、产品分类、产业链基础、标准体系、科技创新成果等内容,并对其未来发展进行思考和提出建议。     

Numerical and experimental investigations into ballistic performance of hybrid fabric panels

Strong, low density fibres have been favoured materials for ballistic protection, but the choice of fibres is limited for making body armour that is both protective and lightweight. In addition to developments of improved fibres, alternative approaches are required for creating more protective and lighter body armour. This paper reports on a study on hybrid fabric panels for ballistic protection. The Finite Element (FE) method was used to predict the response of different layers of fabric in a twelve-layer fabric model upon impact. It was found that the front layers of fabric are more likely to be broken in shear, and the rear layers of fabric tend to fail in tension. This suggested that using shear resistant materials for the front layer and tensile resistant materials for the rear layer may improve the ballistic performance of fabric panels. Two types of structure, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) woven and unidirectional (UD) materials, were analyzed for their failure mode and response upon ballistic impact by using both FE and experimental methods. It was found that woven structures exhibit better shear resistance and UD structures gives better tensile resistance and wider transverse deflection upon ballistic impact. Two types of hybrid ballistic panels were designed from the fabrics. The experimental results showed that placing woven fabrics close to the impact face and UD material as the rear layers led to better ballistic performance than the panel constructed in the reverse sequence. It has also been found that the optimum ratio of woven to UD materials in the hybrid ballistic panel was 1:3. The improvement in ballistic protection of the hybrid fabric panels allows less material to be used, leading to lighter weight body armour.     

A Meso–Macro Three Node Finite Element for Draping of Textile Composite Preforms

The composite textile reinforcement draping simulations allows the conditions for a successful process to be determined and, most importantly, the positions of the fibres after forming to be known. This last point is essential for the structural computations of the composite part and for resin injection analyses in the case of LCM processes. Because the textile composite reinforcements are multiscale materials, continuous (macro) approaches and discrete (meso) approaches that model the yarns have been developed. The finite element that is proposed in this paper for textile fabric forming is composed of woven unit cells. The mechanical behaviour of these is analyzed by 3D computations at the mesoscale regarding biaxial tensions and in plane shear. The warp and weft directions of the woven fabric can be in arbitrary direction with respect to the direction of the element side. This is very important in the case of multi-ply deep drawing and when using remeshing. The element is efficient because it is close to the physic of the woven cell while avoiding the very large number of unknowns in the discrete approach. A set of validation tests and forming simulations on single ply and multi-ply are presented and show the efficiency of the approach. In particular the importance of the in-plane shear behaviour is emphasized in the case of a draping on a cube.     

皮革制品中非法添加物甲醛的检测

建立了一种用间苯三酚比色定量测定皮革制品中非法添加物甲醛方法。在波长为470nm、氢氧化钠浓度为0.2mol·dm-3、显色时间为2~5min时,间苯三酚比色定量法检测甲醛含量的线性方程为:y=0.8254×x+0.0083、相关系数R2=0.9995、线性范围为:0~0.02mmol·dm-3、方法检出限为:0.004mmol。该法具有操作简单、快速、试剂污染少的特点。可作为皮革制品中非法添加物甲醛的检测方法之一。     

聚氨酯/相变蜡蓄热调温功能整理剂的制备及其在棉织物上的应用

针对传统相变微胶囊后整理法制备蓄热调温纺织品时存在制备工序繁杂、效率低等难点,开发了一种简便快捷的后整理法。选用相变蜡、聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚-10(OP-10)乳化剂和水性聚氨酯为主要组分,经高剪切乳化制备蓄热调温功能整理剂,利用浸轧—焙烘方式对棉织物进行整理。优化乳化剂用量、相变蜡与聚氨酯配比及焙烘温度,并测定整理后棉织物及背心的蓄热调温性能。结果表明:当OP-10质量分数为5%,相变蜡与聚氨酯的质量比为1.5∶1,焙烘温度150 ℃时,整理剂在纤维表面原位成膜形成包裹纤维的蓄热调温薄膜,从而赋予棉织物蓄热调温功能;整理后棉织物具备蓄热调温功能,由其所制作的背心具有显著的蓄热调温功能。     

国内外纺织品技术标准的现状、发展趋势及对我国纺织品出口的影响

2004年我国纺织行业各项主要经济指标均创良好业绩,同比增长幅度都在20%左右。但出口纺织品服装的平均单价与1997年相比,下降幅度却超过60%。究其原因,除我国纺织业创新能力不足之外,纺织业标准化水平不高和标准体系结构不合理是不可回避的重要原因。文章分析了当今国内外纺织品技术标准现状、发展趋势及其对我国纺织品出口的影响,呼吁改革我国现有的纺织品标准化体系、建立与国际接轨的纺织产品标准体系,以全面提升我国纺织产品品质。     

聚合多元羧酸整理剂的合成及其在亚麻织物免烫整理上的应用

以马来酸酐、衣康酸进行自由基共聚合得聚合多元羧酸整理剂.研究确定了多元羧酸整理剂的合成条件.通过正交实验确定亚麻织物免烫整理的最佳工艺,并测试整理后织物的各项性能,结果表明,该整理剂对亚麻织物的免烫性能及耐洗性能有明显改善.