Solid‐state NMR study of spin finish of thermally treated PAN and PAN/CNT precursor fibers

Dry‐jet wet‐spun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and PAN/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) precursor fibers coated by spin finishes were characterized using the solid‐state ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance technique. Series of fiber samples were prepared upon thermal treatment at different temperatures (room temperature to 180°C). Using the Hahn echo sequence, relatively mobile components were identified and the effect of the heat treatment on those components was studied. It was observed that the mobile components are mainly the spin finishes. Heat treatment caused loss of one of the spin finishes (Type B) to a great extent (～80%), whereas the other two spin finishes (Type A and Type C) were more stable. Additional information regarding the change in molecular mobility due to heat treatment was obtained by the spin‐lattice relaxation time ( T₁ ) analysis. It was found that the presence of CNT affects the T₁ relaxation time of the polymer in the composite fiber, however, that of relatively mobile components remains unaffected. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40734.     

Textile‐surface interfacial asymmetric polymerization

This research demonstrated that polymerization of aniline on cellulose produces chiroptically active composites. Polymerization of aniline in the presence of cotton fibers consisting of chiral cellulose are performed to prepare a polyaniline (PANI)/cotton composite. The polymerization is conducted at the cotton interface. The resultant PANI/cotton composite shows chiroptical activity elucidated with diffuse reflectance circular dichroism. In this reaction, textile‐surface interfacial asymmetric polymerization is performed with imprinting of chiral structure from the cotton as a natural chiroptically active polymer to the PANI. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 41118.     

Polymer adhesion in heat‐treated nonwovens

Polymer adhesion and sintering in compound nonwovens was studied. Nonwovens containing a mixture of binding bi‐component (BICO) fibers embedded in a fibrous matrix were heated to melt the outer shell of BICO fibers and interlock the matrix to create stiff load‐bearing surfaces. It was found that stiffness depends on heat‐treatment regimes. In low‐temperature regimes, BICO fibers melt, but do not fully flow and encase the surrounding filler matrix. At sufficiently high temperatures, the shells of BICO fibers melt and flow which results in encasing the neighboring filler fibers. This results in an abrupt increase in the nonwoven stiffness which is independent of heat‐treatment temperature. At significantly high temperatures, the filler matrix fibers sinter to each other leading to a further increase in stiffness. The experiments were conducted with co‐polymers frequently used in the shells of BICO to demonstrate the interlocking mechanism characteristic of these compound nonwovens. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46165.     

纺织品贸易中生态标签的战略效应分析

针对我国纺织品所面临的生态标签问题，构造了一个质量差异化的国际贸易博弈模型，从企业产量、毛利润以及社会福利3个方面，分析了国外政府控制生态标签授予标准和实施战略性贸易的动机，并发现战略性与非战略性授予标准的相对大小取决于国内外纺织企业的单位生产成本．     

涤纶纺织品真空蒸镀法金属整理的研究

研究涤纶纺织品金属整理的方法，在密闭的真空工作室中，使金属银在瞬间高温作用下激发成气态，并以银原子形式自由沉降在涤纶织物上，形成功能性的金属微细颗粒．通过扫描电镜观察了织物上银的沉积层的形貌特征，通过XPS测试分析了银的化学形式．其耐洗性能和抗紫外线性能测试研究表明，蒸镀后高温烘培处理可有效改善其耐久性能。     

家用纺织品二次面料设计的魅力及开发研究

家用纺织品二次面料设计即家纺材质再设计,一改普通面料较为单一的风格,可以使设计师在现有的面料局限中找到更多的创意空间,体现了材质再设计所具有发挥想象力、提升综合搭配能力、开发创造潜能等魅力。文章探讨对材质再设计的表现方法,分析了开发研究实例。最后探讨了我国家用纺织品材质再设计面临的问题与解决的途径。     

纺织服装供应链信息管理问题探索

纺织服装企业传统供应链信息管理模式下，因信息逐级传递而不能及时共享市场信息，本企业与其他合作企业之间的信息交流尚未建立规范体系，将影响供应链运作效率。文章阐述了如何加强纺织服装企业信息化系统建设的策略。     

纺织品微塑料危害控制技术发展研究

我国废弃化纤纺织品具有储量大、再生率低等特点,当前总储量超过2亿t,年增长量近千万吨。化纤纺织品未被收集就丢弃在环境中,在自然环境下破碎,转化为细小的塑料碎片,甚至微塑料。微塑料对环境的影响难以估计,而废弃化纤纺织品可以说是“海洋微塑料污染”的首要来源。从化纤纺织品出发,减少化纤纺织品在生产、使用、清洗以及后处理等环节中微塑料的生成量,以可再生能源为原料,大力开发生物基化学纤维和生物可降解纤维,尽可能实现多次再生循环。在未来发展中,可采取构建完整循环再生利用体系、推进纤维加工技术升级创新、深入研究纺织品污染机理等方法,为防治纺织品微塑料危害提供一定的基础。     

3D Knitting for Pneumatic Soft Robotics

Soft robots adapt passively to complex environments due to their inherent compliance, allowing them to interact safely with fragile or irregular objects and traverse uneven terrain. The vast tunability and ubiquity of textiles has enabled new soft robotic capabilities, especially in the field of wearable robots, but existing textile processing techniques (e.g., cut-and-sew, thermal bonding) are limited in terms of rapid, additive, accessible, and waste-free manufacturing. While 3D knitting has the potential to address these limitations, an incomplete understanding of the impact of structure and material on knit-scale mechanical properties and macro-scale device performance has precluded the widespread adoption of knitted robots. In this work, the roles of knit structure and yarn material properties on textile mechanics spanning three regimes–unfolding, geometric rearrangement, and yarn stretching–are elucidated and shown to be tailorable across unique knit architectures and yarn materials. Based on this understanding, 3D knit soft actuators for extension, contraction, and bending are constructed. Combining these actuation primitives enables the monolithic fabrication of entire soft grippers and robots in a single-step additive manufacturing procedure suitable for a variety of applications. This approach represents a first step in seamlessly “printing” conformal, low-cost, customizable textile-based soft robots on-demand.     

微波在纺织上的应用

介绍了微波的加热原理、特点,分析了微波对化学反应的影响,重点介绍了利用微波进行干燥蚕茧、烘干棉花、浆纱干燥、丝的脱胶精练以及印花固色蒸化,总之无论从医药化工到食品、纺织,从简单的分子反应到复杂的生命过程的各个化学领域,微波发挥着巨大的作用。