NomexⅢA防护服在军队中的应用

本文叙述杜邦公司NomexⅢA纤维的特性以及应用 ,着重介绍了此纤维在美军防护服领域的应用     

浅谈纳米技术在纺织中的应用

本文根据纳米技术发展状况及纳米材料的特性 ,提出了在纺织产品开发中应用纳米技术及材料的一些思路 ,介绍了一些利用纳米材料开发的高性能纺织品。     

《国家纺织产品基本安全技术规范》解读

国家强制标准GB 184JD1—2003《国家纺织产品基本安全技术规范》已于2003年11月27日正式发布，并将于2005年1月1日起正式执行。如何在这一过渡时期里，准确地解读并把握好这一强制标准是十分重要的。该文就此标准的适用范围、部分术语的定义、所控制产品的分类、技术要求、试验方法、检测规则和标准的实施与监督进行了详细的评述。     

微波在纺织上的应用

介绍了微波的加热原理、特点,分析了微波对化学反应的影响,重点介绍了利用微波进行干燥蚕茧、烘干棉花、浆纱干燥、丝的脱胶精练以及印花固色蒸化,总之无论从医药化工到食品、纺织,从简单的分子反应到复杂的生命过程的各个化学领域,微波发挥着巨大的作用。     

Improving the hydrophobicity of nylon fabric by consecutive treatment with poly(acrylic acid), tetraethylorthosilicate,and octadecylamine

Nylon fabric was consecutively treated with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), and octadecylamine (OA) to improve its hydrophobicity. We proposed that PAA could be used as a mediator between nylon and OA to provide a high density of the carboxyl moiety. TEOS was used to increase the surface roughness of the nylon fabric by hydrolysis and condensation, and OA was used to reduce the surface energy of the nylon fabric with its long alkyl chains. Both the increase in the surface roughness and the reduction in the surface energy contributed to the improvement of the hydrophobicity of the nylon fabric. The hydrophobicity of the treated nylon fabric was evaluated by the measurement of the water contact angle, water resistance to spray, and hydrostatic pressure. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the surface roughness of the nylon fabric was significantly increased by treatment with TEOS. The nylon fabric with the PAA/TEOS/OA consecutive treatment exhibited a water contact angle of 125°, a resistance to water spray of 90, and a hydrostatic pressure of 275 mm. It was interesting to find that the PAA/TEOS/OA consecutive treatment slightly enhanced the wrinkle recovery but had no apparent effects on the degree of whiteness and the breaking strength of the nylon fabric. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42456.     

Photodynamic antifungal activities of nanostructured fabrics grafted with rose bengal and phloxine B against Aspergillus fumigatus

This study demonstrates that nanostructured fabrics grafted with rose bengal (RB) and phloxine B (PB) have photodynamic antifungal effects on Aspergillus fumigatus. RB and PB were attached to vinyl benzyl chloride, and, subsequently, this was polymerized with acrylic acid and styrene sulfonic acid to produce long, water‐soluble polymers to attach to the fabric surface. This gave high grafting yield and photodynamic antifungal activity against A. fumigatus. In RB and PB microdilution tests, there was no visible turbidity at 63 µmol/L. When polymerized RB and PB were incorporated into fabrics, the actions of polymerized RB and PB resulted in less hyphal growth and germination of conidia on A. fumigatus than the free RB and PB dyes. Nanostructured fabrics created by bonding RB‐ or PB‐containing polymers to electrospun nylon mats exhibited higher concentrations of the dyes, equivalent to 86 µmol/L. The microstructured fabrics created by bonding RB‐ or PB‐containing polymers to spunbonded nylon nonwoven fabrics only exhibited the equivalent of 32 µmol/L of the dyes. The nanostructured fabrics had a specific surface area of 28.1 m²/g, whereas the microfabric had 1.5 m²/g. Thus, the nanostructured fabrics increased the surface area 18.7× and the reflectance percent 16.2× when compared with the microstructured fabrics. This resulted in much higher photodynamic antifungal activity against A. fumigatus. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42114.     

纺织品中丙烯酰胺含量测定的不确定度评定

通过建立数学模型,按照GB/T 30166-2013,对高效液相色谱法测定纺织品中丙烯酰胺含量进行不确定度评定,分析了测定结果的不确定度来源,评定了各不确定度分量。经数学模型计算,置信水平为95%时,当纺织品中丙烯酰胺含量为2.02 mg/kg时,其扩展不确定度为0.096 mg/kg。结果显示:测量重复性、样液质量浓度、样液定容体积是产生不确定度的主要来源。该不确定度评定方法评定了测量全过程的不确定度分量,为减小测量结果的不确定度提供了参考价值。     

Foldable Printed Circuit Boards on Paper Substrates

This paper describes several low‐cost methods for fabricating flexible electronic circuits on paper. The circuits comprise i) metallic wires (e.g., tin or zinc) that are deposited on the substrate by evaporation, sputtering, or airbrushing, and ii) discrete surface‐mountable electronic components that are fastened with conductive adhesive directly to the wires. These electronic circuits—like conventional printed circuit boards—can be produced with electronic components that connect on both sides of the substrate. Unlike printed circuit boards made from fiberglass, ceramics, or polyimides, however, paper can be folded and creased (repeatedly), shaped to form three‐dimensional structures, trimmed using scissors, used to wick fluids (e.g., for microfluidic applications) and disposed of by incineration. Paper‐based electronic circuits are thin and lightweight; they should be useful for applications in consumer electronics and packaging, for disposable systems for uses in the military and homeland security, for applications in medical sensing or low‐cost portable diagnostics, for paper‐based microelectromechanical systems, and for applications involving textiles.     

Attaching Different Kinds of Proteinaceous Nanospheres to a Variety of Fabrics Using Ultrasound Radiation

The application of a rapid, non-destructive, cost-effective technique such as ultrasonic emulsification for the coating of different textiles was explored. The technical benefits for this research were the generation of multifunctional materials and their combinations through environmentally friendly processing technologies. We have shown for the first time that ultrasonic waves can be used to coat proteinaceous micro- and nanospheres (PM) of BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) protein and casein on the surface of cotton and polyester (PE) fabrics. The creation and the anchoring of the microbubbles to the fabrics were performed by a one-step reaction, and the process is usually stopped after 3 min. The PM of bovine serum albumin (BSA) bonded to cotton and polyester fabrics has shown stability for ∼9 months. The PMs were shown to be attached more strongly to the polyester than to the cotton, and sustained stronger washing conditions on PE. The diameter of the BSA and the casein spheres on cotton was in the range of 0.8–1.0 μm, while on the PE it varied between 60 and 120 nm.     

纺织品紫外线防护助剂的研制

将三嗪类紫外线吸收剂及受阻胺光稳定剂制成纺织品紫外线防护乳液.研究了乳化条件对乳液粒子粒径和稳定性的影响,结果表明:温度在PIT附近用高速分散均质机乳化,再用冰浴将乳液急冷至室温,得到粒径较小、稳定性良好的乳液.经此乳液整理后的棉织物紫外线防护效果达到AS/NZS4399标准的优秀级,日晒色牢度有一定的提高.