几种酚酸对木聚糖酶活力的影响

采用3,5-二硝基水杨酸法(DNS法)测定酶解后还原糖释放量,研究4种不同酚酸(阿魏酸、对-香豆酸、水杨酸、单宁酸)对木聚糖酶活力的影响。结果表明:阿魏酸、对-香豆酸、水杨酸能提高木聚糖酶活力,当这3种酚酸质量浓度为0.75mg/mL时,酶活力分别提高65.59%、46.21%和12.83%。单宁酸抑制木聚糖酶活性,添加量为0.50mg/mL时,抑制率达37.18%。动力学研究表明:上述4种酚酸均能提高酶与底物的亲和力,对-香豆酸能提高酶反应速度,但单宁酸会使反应速度显著降低。     

Exposure or release of ferulic acid from wheat aleurone: Impact on its antioxidant capacity

The relationship between the aleurone cell integrity and the exposure or release of bioavailable ferulic acid (FA) with the antioxidant capacity of aleurone in in vitro and under simulated gastric conditions was explored. The antioxidant capacity of aleurone was increased by around 2-fold when its median particle size was reduced to under 50 μm. The opening of aleurone cells increased the physical exposure of FA bound to the insoluble polysaccharides, which seemed to be responsible of the increased antioxidant capacity. Synergistic combination of xylanase and feruloyl esterase was found to be the most efficient enzymatic treatment releasing up to 86% of total FA in bioaccessible forms. This enzymatic treatment significantly enhanced the radical scavenging activity of aleurone by up to 4-fold, which overlapped the overall antioxidant potential estimated from the total content of FA in aleurone. The improvement in the antioxidant capacity of aleurone was also observed in the simulated gastric digestion by inhibition of lipid oxidation.     

固定化木聚糖酶的应用研究进展

木聚糖酶是半纤维素的主要生物催化剂,可将其主要成分木聚糖降解为木糖或低聚糖,木聚糖酶可广泛应用于食品、饲料、医药、能源等领域。固定化酶可以提高酶的使用效率,增加产物收率,降低生产成本,综述了木聚糖酶的性质,固定化酶的载体和方法,并对以后的发展趋势进行了探讨。     

木聚糖酶辅助漂白机理的研究进展

木聚糖酶能选择性地水解纸浆中的木聚糖,提高纸浆的可漂性,从而使漂白化学品更容易与木素作用。木聚糖酶助漂在一定程度上节约了漂白化学药品用量,减少了化学漂白过程对环境的污染。本文对木聚糖酶在纸浆漂白中漂白机理的研究现状进行了归纳和评述,并对木聚糖酶辅助漂白技术的发展进行了展望。     

黑曲霉液体发酵产木聚糖酶的研究

通过单因素实验及响应面方法对黑曲霉菌株产木聚糖酶发酵条件进行了研究,结果表明:当培养基为麸皮40g/L,(NH4)2 SO4 4g/L,KH2PO4 3g/L,MgSO4 0.8g/L,吐温80 1g/L;初始pH值5.0,接种量8.0%,培养温度30℃;此条件下发酵木聚糖酶酶活达1456.27IU/mL。     

碱预处理对麦草秸秆酶解的影响

对麦草秸秆进行了碱预处理和酸性木聚糖酶后处理,分析了不同碱用量、温度对麦草浆的聚戊糖含量和得率的影响.结果表明,在碱预处理用碱量7%,反应温度50℃,反应时间60min和酶后处理时pH=5.5,木聚糖酶用量600IU·g-1,反应温度50℃,酶解时间为120min的条件下,处理后麦草浆聚戊糖含量有较好的降解效果,同时麦草浆得率达到最佳效果.最后,用纤维质量分析仪观察纤维形态,酶处理前后和麦草原料比较,重均纤维长度减少,细小纤维含量增加,卷曲指数增加,扭结程度增大.     

Analyzing the Substrate Specificity of a Class of Long-Horned-Beetle-Derived Xylanases by Using Synthetic Arabinoxylan Oligo- and Polysaccharides

Xylophagous long-horned beetles thrive in challenging environments. To access nutrients, they secrete plant-cell-wall-degrading enzymes in their gut fluid; among them are cellulases of the subfamily 2 of glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5_2). Recently, we discovered that several beetle-derived GH5_2s use xylan as a substrate instead of cellulose, which is unusual for this family of enzymes. Here, we analyze the substrate specificity of a GH5_2 xylanase from the beetle Apriona japonica (AJAGH5_2-1) using commercially available substrates and synthetic arabinoxylan oligo- and polysaccharides. We demonstrate that AJAGH5_2-1 processes arabinoxylan polysaccharides in a manner distinct from classical xylanase families such as GH10 and GH11. AJAGH5_2-1 is active on long oligosaccharides and cleaves at the non-reducing end of a substituted xylose residue (position +1) only if: 1) three xylose residues are present upstream and downstream of the cleavage site, and 2) xylose residues at positions −1, −2, +2 and +3 are not substituted.     

麦麸木聚糖酶处理条件对全麦挂面品质的影响

为改善全麦挂面品质,采用木聚糖酶酶解处理技术对全麦粉麸皮组分进行加工预处理,研究麸皮酶解工艺(麸皮最终含水量、温度、时间和酶添加量)对全麦挂面蒸煮、质构和营养品质的影响。结果表明,相比于无酶处理麸皮的全麦挂面,木聚糖酶处理麸皮的全麦挂面的煮熟增重率略微降低,干物质损失率略微升高,质构特性变化不大,营养品质显著提高。各酶解工艺条件对面条品质均有一定影响,影响大小为:温度时间麸皮最终含水量酶添加量。     

The Impact of Xylanase and Hot Acid Pretreatment on HexAs in Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp Bleaching

The influence of the presence of hexenuronic acid (HexA) in eucalyptus kraft pulp on the efficiency of D₀EpD₁ was investigated by separately using both commercial cellulase-free xylanase and hot acid pretreatments. In comparison to the xylanase pretreatment, the hot acid pretreatment was more than four-fold effective in removing the HexAs (61%) and concomitantly reduced the kappa number, but resulted in lower viscosity. After subsequent D₀EpD₁ bleaching, the final brightness and its stability were improved remarkably, especially under xylanase pretreatment. At the same brightness of 85% ISO, the xylanase pretreatment reduced the consumption of active chlorine (35.6%) more than the acid pretreatment did (27.5%). The total relative active chlorine savings for the xylanase pretreatment over the acid pretreatment was therefore nearly 23%. The HexA component can be removed considerably in both D₀ and D₁ stages during the D₀EpD₁ bleaching sequence, while only slightly in the Ep stage. The use of xylanase and acid pretreatment both resulted in insignificant physical strength losses for the bleached pulps.