机械力化学效应对麦草浆重组木聚糖酶生物漂白的影响

利用机械力化学作用,以提高木聚糖酶预处理效果。论文研究了磨浆对重组木聚糖酶预处理效果的影响;磨浆前后重组木聚糖酶预处理对浆料漂白性能的影响。研究结果表明:采用机械力化学作用酶处理时比较适合的磨浆时间为5 min,打浆度在30 oSR左右,在酶用量为5 IU/g时,脱木素率达到29.7%,与磨浆前酶处理相比,脱木素率提高了34.4%;磨浆前后的浆料经过重组木聚糖酶预处理,在后续漂白时漂至与对照浆相近白度时(72.6%ISO),分别节省了50%和57.1%用氯量,大大减轻了漂白废水对环境的污染;通过磨浆前后酶处理液高效液相色谱分析、浆料结晶度测定以及扫描电镜的观察,从理论上证实了重组木聚糖酶在助漂时的机械力化学效应,并为它的广泛应用提供了理论依据。     

耐酸性木聚糖酶在清酒酿造中的作用

从华根霉 (RhizopuschinensisY92 )发酵液中通过离子交换色谱和凝胶过滤色谱分离纯化获得一种耐酸性木聚糖酶R ,将它和另外 2种耐酸性木聚糖酶 :米曲霉 (AspergillusoryzaeRIB12 8)木聚糖酶B和白曲菌 (AspergilluskawachiiIFO43 0 8)木聚糖酶C分别应用于清酒酿造中 ,结果表明 ,木聚糖酶B可以促进米细胞的溶解 ,对于原料米的利用率有明显的提高 ,而木聚糖酶C和木聚糖酶R的作用则不太明显     

脂肪酶和纤维素酶/木聚糖酶混合用于ONP脱墨

将脂肪酶和纤维素酶/木聚糖酶以不同比例混合用于旧报纸(ONP)的脱墨实验.结果表明,当脂肪酶与纤维素酶/木聚糖酶混合酶(50/50)以40/60的比例混合时,能获得较佳的脱墨效果,浆料的裂断长、耐破指数和撕裂指数分别比纤维素酶/木聚糖酶(C/X)脱墨浆提高3.2%、7.4%、和7.1%,得率高于纤维素酶、木聚糖酶及二者的混合酶脱墨浆,滤水性能也得到了改善.混合酶中脂肪酶、纤维素酶和木聚糖酶用量分别比单一酶脱墨节省了60%、70%和70%.     

木聚糖酶处理对麦草浆纤维长度和粗度的影响

用纤维测定仪测定了木聚糖酶处理前后麦草浆的纤维长度和粗度，发现木聚糖酶处理使麦草浆纤维的长度和粗度发生了变化。结果表明：木聚糖酶处理后纤维的长度有所下降。木聚糖酶处理后麦草浆中长纤维的分布频率降低，细小纤维长度分布频率增加。同时发现麦草浆经木聚糖酶处理后纤维粗度变小，细小组分含量增多。麦草浆经木聚糖酶处理后纤维粗度减小了2．4mg／100m，细小纤维含量增加了6．52％．     

木聚糖酶处理麦草浆纤维形态变化的研究

用扫描电镜观察木聚糖酶处理过的麦草浆的纤维表面形态,发现木聚糖酶处理可以使麦草浆纤维表面的结构发生变化。结果表明：未经木聚糖酶处理的麦草浆纤维硬挺,表面结构较为光滑。随着酶用量的增加,纤维表面越来越粗糙,皱褶和裂隙也越来越多,纤维表面剥落现象进一步加强。当酶用量增加至15U/g时,麦草浆纤维的表面剥落现象非常严重,出现局部裂隙现象直至大面积沟槽结构。还发现木聚糖酶预处理和后处理漂白浆的白度均明显高于未经处理的,而且物理强度较好。     

不同酶制剂对信阳地区小麦馒头品质的作用

以信麦1168、信麦126、信麦79、信麦136小麦粉为主要原料,分别添加不同浓度梯度的真菌α-淀粉酶、木聚糖酶、葡萄糖氧化酶制作馒头,测定馒头比容、宽高比和感官品质,并进行相关性的分析.结果表明:真菌α-淀粉酶添加量为25 mg/kg时,信麦79和信麦126的比容分别为2.479 ml/g和2.438 ml/g,达到...     

Synergism of enzymes in chemical pulp bleaching from an industrial point of view: A critical review

Enzymes are biological catalysts and are very specific, catalyzing either a single chemical reaction or a limited number of closely related reactions. For example, xylanases are enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of polymeric xylan and thereby break down this hemicellulose. The first xylanase enzyme preparations used in the bleaching process of chemical pulp also contained cellulase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of cellulose. This obviously had an adverse effect on pulp yield and quality. Unfortunately, this setback gave enzyme-assisted pulp bleaching a negative reputation. At a later stage, enzyme producers managed to engineer enzyme production strains that generated cellulase-free xylanase preparations. However, due to the initial negative experiences with the earlier enzyme mixtures, only a limited number of companies in the pulp industry have seriously considered using these so-called second-generation enzymes in their bleach plants. It is apparent that these improved enzyme preparations would bring about significant benefits in terms of chemical cost savings and effluent quality. In addition to xylanase-aided bleaching, it is possible to improve the effectivity further by adding other enzymes, such as lipase and esterase, to create an enzyme cocktail. This may be particularly beneficial in the bleaching of hardwood pulp, such as white birch, which often encounters complex and troublesome problems with wood extractives. By adding different types of enzymes at more than one position in the fiberline, even further improvements are possible. The main objective of this review is to discuss the advantages of incorporating modern enzyme preparations in the bleaching of chemical pulp.     

草菇木聚糖酶的纯化提取和酶学性质

草菇产胞外木聚糖酶通过各级浓缩和纯化,获得接近电泳纯蛋白.通过SDS PAGE测得相对分子质量为24500.木聚糖酶为糖基化修饰的蛋白,含有质量分数20.24%的糖.O 糖基化能增加木聚糖酶的活性,O 和N 糖基化都能提高木聚糖酶的稳定性.5min反应,草菇木聚糖酶在60℃和pH值5.65时活性最高.在此条件下,该酶的Km值为3.87mg/mL,Vmax为1250IU/mg.纯酶的稳定pH值为6.54,57℃时半衰期为1h.     

木聚糖酶融合基因的构建及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

以来源于Aspergillus usamii E001的高比活木聚糖酶XynⅡ为亲本,采用"中心模板法"将耐高温木聚糖酶TfxA的前31个氨基酸连接在XynⅡ的N端,构建出融合木聚糖酶TPL。将TPL在大肠杆菌BL21 (DE3)中进行表达,并对表达条件进行了优化,对表达产物的酶学性质进行了分析。结果表明,融合酶TPL最适pH为4.6,最适温度为45℃,和XynⅡ保持一致,但热稳定性有一定提高,在50℃处理10min,TPL和XynⅡ的残余酶活分别为15.72%和6.92%。