AAC反应器好氧菌的筛选及菌株配伍性能的比较

针对AAC反应器能有效处理番茄酱加工废水和剩余污泥减量化的特点,分离了AAC反应器中的好氧微生物,并通过配伍实验研究了优势微生物对番茄酱加工废水的处理性能。共分离得到29株好氧细菌,根据12 h TOC降解率初步确定了6株优势菌。通过配伍比较TOC降解率,得到了两株菌的基础组合,其TOC去除率达到85.29％,单位TOC降解率的菌体增长量为1.89。结合菌体沉降性,最终构建出含有7株菌的高效微生物菌群,单位TOC降解率的菌体增长量为0.94,单位降解率的污泥产量减少了50.26％,沉降性能明显改善,OD₆₀₀值仅为0.347,出水达到了国家二级标准。     

中国传统主食馒头中添加超微细豆渣粉的最佳工艺研究

根据超微细豆渣粉独特的保健功能与良好的加工品质,将超微细豆渣粉添加到中国居民的传统主食馒头中,通过正交试验获得添加超微细豆渣粉馒头的最佳配方为中筋粉100g、超微细豆渣粉13g、大豆卵磷脂0.6g、鸡蛋全蛋液10g、酵母粉2g、蔗糖15g、水65g,最佳工艺参数为面团发酵时间30min、醒发时间10min、蒸制时间15min。     

豆渣与抗消化淀粉复合增强降血脂效果

目的：研究富含膳食纤维的豆渣饲料对抗消化淀粉降低因缺乏雌性激素导致的高血脂症效果的影响。方法：将32 只Wistar 成年雌鼠进行双侧卵巢切除手术,恢复后随机分为4 组,分别饲喂膳食纤维总含量为2.6%(对照组)、41.7%(豆渣SD 组)、39.8%(抗消化淀粉RS 组)和40.5%(SD+RS 复合组)的饲料。喂养5 周后解剖,测定血清和肝脏中胆固醇、甘油三酯浓度、肝脏胆固醇羟化酶(CYP7α)活性以及小肠、盲肠中胆汁酸总量和粪中胆汁酸排泄量等指标。结果：与饲料对照组相比,RS、SD+RS 明显降低血清和肝脏胆固醇浓度(P ＜ 0.05),SD、SD+RS显著降低血清甘油三酯浓度(P ＜ 0.05),SD+RS 显著提高了小肠中胆汁酸总量、粪便中胆汁酸排泄量以及肝脏的胆固醇羟化酶(CYP7α)活性(P ＜ 0.05)。结论：豆渣与抗消化淀粉复合能明显提高抗消化淀粉降血脂效果。降低血清胆固醇浓度的可能机制是通过增加肠道中胆汁酸总量和粪中胆汁酸的排泄量来降低血液中胆固醇浓度。     

番茄促分裂素原活化蛋白激酶的研究进展与生物信息学分析

促分裂素原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinases,MAPK、MPK 或MK)级联是一种广泛存在于真核生物中的信号传导途径。同动物和酵母类似,植物细胞的MAPK 级联也是由MAPKKK (MEKK, MKKK),MAPKK (MEK,MKK),MAPK 三个级别的激酶对其下游蛋白的磷酸化构成的,最终对细胞生长、发育及抗性等过程中的效应分子进行调控。本文介绍了番茄目前的测序情况,以及番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum)MAPK(LeMAPK,LeMPK)的研究进展,根据MAPK 序列在进化过程中的保守性,用模式植物拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)MAPK(AtMAPK,AtMPK)基因序列在番茄的转录序列中搜索,得到18 个LeMAPK 条目,其中两条是新的LeMAPK,并与AtMAPK 进行比对和归类。     

非开挖施工中反循环清渣工艺的研究

针对非开挖施工中清渣困难的问题,首次将反循环清渣工艺引入非开挖施工中.从理论上计算了传统非开挖和反循环的清渣泵量,计算结果表明,反循环清渣所需泵量远远低于传统的非开挖泵量,从而提出将反循环工艺应用于非开挖清渣施工中.实际应用效果表明,反循环清渣工艺可大大提高非开挖施工中的清渣效果.     

黄芩抗蕃茄晚疫病菌抑菌成分的提取条件优选

1.内蒙古农业大学 食品科学与工程学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010000;2.内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院,内蒙古 包头 014109） 摘 要：采用恒温水浴浸提法,以无水乙醇作为提取溶剂,研究了提取时间、提取温度、料液比及提取次数对黄芩粗提物抗蕃茄晚疫病菌抑菌效果的影响。正交试验确定了最佳提取工艺条件为温度65 ℃,提取时间1.0 h,料液比1∶45（g∶mL）,浸提2次,此时抑菌圈直径为34.3 mm。最小抑菌浓度为15.7 mg/mL。     

Profibus-DP现场总线在番茄酱厂螺杆泵控制系统中的应用

螺杆泵电动机的运行速度对番茄酱的加工品质有着重要影响,为了对螺杆泵电动机的运行进行实时监控,提出了一种基于Profibus-DP现场总线的控制方法。该方法采用以触摸屏为上位机、PLC为控制器,并以变频器作为执行器的应用系统方案,给出调试步骤,对运行结果进行分析。结果表明,系统能够很好地监控螺杆泵电动机的运行,实时反馈运行状态及报警信息,具有稳定性好、响应速度快等特点。系统的应用保证了螺杆泵电动机运行速度的准确控制,实现了系统的数字化管理,延长了螺杆泵的使用寿命,节省电能,为同类农产品加工设备的自动控制提供参考。     

TG-MS联用技术研究木薯渣热化学特性

采用热重分析法和热重质谱联用技术并结合FTIR光谱考察了木薯渣的热化学特性,同时研究了厌氧处理的木薯渣和未经厌氧处理的木薯渣的热失量和气态产物的析出行为,结果表明厌氧处理的木薯渣和未经厌氧处理的木薯渣热解都可以分为3个阶段:水析出阶段(25~200 ℃)、挥发分析出阶段(200~600 ℃)和无机物的分解阶段(600~1 000 ℃),但未经厌氧处理的木薯渣在热解主体阶段有机质释放量高。利用TG-MS联用技术考察了2种原料的热解特性,发现两种木薯渣热解主要析出的气体要是H₂、H₂O、CO、CH₄和CO₂等,且气体生成曲线趋势类似。同时研究不同升温速率和粒径对木薯渣热解过程和氢气产物析出行为的影响,表明升温速率增加,H₂的产率在高温区增加,粒径增大有利于氢气的生成。根据Coats-Redfern积分法计算结果,木薯渣热解主体阶段的可用一级动力学方程描述,升温速率对木薯渣热解的活化能影响不大。     

The Choice of Canned Whole Peeled Tomatoes is Driven by Different Key Quality Attributes Perceived by Consumers Having Different Familiarity with the Product

Canned whole peeled tomatoes are a premium tomato product; however, no information is available about the key intrinsic and extrinsic quality attributes perceived by consumers when buying this product. This research considered consumers differing in the level of familiarity with peeled tomatoes, that is, knowledge, frequency of consumption, and availability of this product, on 3 markets: Chile (low), The Netherlands (medium), and Italy (high). The perceptions and preferences of each group were studied using first focus groups and subsequently conjoint analysis in order to identify the key quality attributes leading their preferences for this product. Focus groups identified 7 intrinsic attributes (color, packing medium, tomato consistency, acidity level, sweetness level, extra ingredients, and intensity of product taste), and 5 extrinsic attributes (packaging material, product type, country of origin, brand, and label design). Significant variations according to the familiarity were found. The conjoint analyses showed that color of tomatoes was the most important intrinsic quality attribute for all groups, while packaging material was the most important extrinsic quality attribute for Chileans and Dutch, being a glass container or a can with easy open the preferred packaging for respective groups. In contrast, country of origin was the most important parameter for Italians. We concluded that intrinsic and extrinsic attributes were strongly influenced by the degree of familiarity with canned whole peeled tomatoes.     

Lycopene: Heterogeneous Catalytic E/Z Isomerization and In Vitro Bioaccessibility Assessment Using a Diffusion Model

Highly efficient heterogeneous catalytic E/Z isomerization of lycopene was achieved using an iodine‐doped titanium dioxide (I‐TiO₂) catalyst prepared by sol‐gel method. The effects of reaction temperature and reaction time were investigated in detail. The maximum total Z‐ratio of lycopene exceeded 78% after 2 h of refluxing at 75 °C in ethyl acetate. Moreover, lycopene samples with a series of total Z‐ratios were prepared and the bioaccessibility of these samples was estimated using a diffusion model, the results showed that the bioaccessibility of lycopene markedly increased conforming to a linear regression model with increasing of the total Z‐ratio of lycopene from 3.6% to 78.5%. Furthermore, the specific role of the microstructure and melting point of 3.6% and 78.5% total Z‐ratio of lycopene was also investigated to understand the probable mechanism for the enhanced bioaccessbility of (Z)‐lycopenes.