结合相位一致与全变差模型的高分辨率遥感图像边缘检测

目的边缘检测是有效利用遥感数据开展地物目标自动识别的重要步骤。高分辨率遥感图像地物类型复杂,细节信息过于丰富,使得基于相位一致的边缘检测结果中存在过多的噪声与伪边缘。为此提出了一种结合相位一致与全变差模型的高分辨率遥感图像边缘检测方法。方法根据相位一致原理,应用Log Gabor构造的2维相位一致模型,引入全变差去噪模型对基于相位一致的边缘强度图进行改进。结果借助有界变差空间对图像光滑性的约束,实现了高分辨率遥感图像噪声去除与伪边缘抑制,利用改进后的相位一致边缘强度图可有效检测高分辨率遥感图像的边缘。结论实验结果表明,与相位一致模型、Canny算法相比,该方法能消除了高分辨率遥感图像中同类地物内部细节特征形成的噪声,抑制相位一致边缘检测结果中的伪边缘,突出地物的真实边缘,并能正确地提取地物目标的整体轮廓信息,有助于后续地物目标的自动识别。     

Adaptive variational models for image decomposition

Image decomposition refers to the splitting of an image into two or more components.In this paper,a clean image is separated into two parts:one is the cartoon component,consisting only of geometric structure,and the other is the oscillatory component,consisting of texture.Three parts for noisy image are considered:cartoon,texture,and noise.To better decompose an image,we propose two new variational models.In our models,two adaptive regularization terms are introduced.The two regularization terms are determined by an adaptive function which can discriminate the cartoon and texture of an image automatically.Experimental results illustrate the efectiveness of the proposed models for image decomposition.     

Fractional partial differential equation denoising models for texture image

In this paper,a set of fractional partial differential equations based on fractional total variation and fractional steepest descent approach are proposed to address the problem of traditional drawbacks of PM and ROF multi-scale denoising for texture image.By extending Green,Gauss,Stokes and Euler-Lagrange formulas to fractional field,we can find that the integer formulas are just their special case of fractional ones.In order to improve the denoising capability,we proposed 4 fractional partial differential equation based multiscale denoising models,and then discussed their stabilities and convergence rate.Theoretic deduction and experimental evaluation demonstrate the stability and astringency of fractional steepest descent approach,and fractional nonlinearly multi-scale denoising capability and best value of parameters are discussed also.The experiments results prove that the ability for preserving high-frequency edge and complex texture information of the proposed denoising models are obviously superior to traditional integral based algorithms,especially for texture detail rich images.     

氯醇法环氧丙烷产品除醛方法的研究探讨

工业用环氧丙烷GB/T 14491-2015颁布实施后,下游聚醚客户对环氧丙烷质量要求更高。通过优化氯醇法环氧丙烷工艺降低环氧丙烷产品总醛质量分数,满足客户需求。     

考虑大气沉降的湖库分区动态水环境容量精细解析

针对面源污染为主的湖库型流域,为建立水质目标管理与污染总量控制之间更精准的响应关系,借鉴日最大负荷总量模式,基于物质量平衡原理提出考虑径流丰枯变化、不均匀混合、大气沉降等影响因素的湖库分区动态水环境容量精细解析方法,包括污染混合区设置、代表水文系列确定、逐日分区水量水质计算。以沙河水库为例,分别以全湖Ⅱ类、主湖Ⅱ类作为水质管理目标,采用2010—2015年代表水文系列对总氮动态水环境容量进行精细解析。结果表明：全湖Ⅱ类、主湖Ⅱ类水质管理目标下沙河水库总氮水环境容量的多年均值分别为36.7 t和99.43 t,若不考虑湖滨混合区,全湖Ⅱ类水质目标下总氮的年水环境容量计算值偏大66.43%;实施水质目标管理的水域面积越大,大气沉降对水环境容量的影响越大;径流年际及年内丰枯变化对水环境容量的影响显著;各分区总氮控制总量占全流域总量的比例与面积比基本一致。湖库分区动态水环境容量精细解析可量化不同因素对水环境容量计算结果的影响,科学解析面源输入型湖库水环境容量的时空结构特征,实现水质目标管理与污染总量分区管控的有机联动,更好地支撑流域水环境的精细化管理。     

稻草强化生物膜浮床脱除工业尾水中氮素及COD的效果

工业污水处理厂排放的尾水中总氮含量偏高,容易引起地表水体的富营养化。为了提高尾水中总氮的去除效率,通过模拟稳定塘静态和动态试验,对比了不同稻草添加量(0,0.18,0.54 g/L)强化生物膜浮床脱除工业尾水中总氮(TN)的效果。静态试验结果表明:随着稻草量的增加,TN的去除率显著提高;10 d后,添加0(CK)、0.18 g/L(T1)和0.54 g/L(T2)稻草的尾水中,TN去除率分别为18%,40%,93%。动态试验结果显示,水力停留时间(HRT)为 4 d时,CK、T1和T2的平均TN去除率分别为10%,22%,49%,且3种情况下的进出水COD浓度无显著差异。这主要是由于稻草通过缓慢释放碳源为生物膜中异养反硝化细菌提供可利用的有机物。研究成果可为工业尾水深度处理脱氮技术提供参考。     

基于“火积”的喷淋室内气-水热湿交换性能分析

为研究空气饱和程度对换热效果的影响,采用数值模拟方法,计算气体沿等温线、等焓线、等含湿量线向饱和线靠近的过程中全热交换量、"火积"耗散、"火积"耗散热阻、全热交换效率的变化情况。研究发现:气体沿着这三条线逐渐向饱和线靠近时其"火积"耗散热阻始终在减小,全热交换效率在增大。     

结合自适应稀疏表示和全变分约束的图像重建

In view of the limitation of fixed complete orthogonal transformation, represented by two-dimensional wavelet transform and discrete cosine transform in compressed sensing high-resolution image reconstruction, this paper proposes a new method for high-resolution image reconstruction based on adaptive redundant dictionary sparse representation with the total variation constraint.The algorithm takes the intermediate image in the process of iteration as the training sample to get a redundant dictionary suitable for sample characteristics by adaptive learning. It makes full use of the correlation between dictionary atoms and the image to get an ideal complete sparse representation, thus reducing the sampling rate and improving the quality of image reconstruction. Finally, the algorithm takes the total variation as a constraint and uses the split Bregman iterative method to solve the sparse optimization problem. Simulation shows that the proposed method can reconstruct high quality images under a low sampling rate.     

总发射功率约束条件下分布式相干检测融合

针对传感器融合系统总发射功率约束条件下的相干检测融合问题,利用偏移系数极大化理论优化系统检测性能.建立了基于多址接入信道传输的多传感器分布式相干检测融合模型,根据融合中心对信道增益信息的获取程度,提出了信道增益信息完美已知时的总发射功率约束相干检测融合方法(TPC-DCM方法)和信道增益统计信息已知时的总发射功率约束相干检测融合方法(TPC-DCM-CS方法),上述两种方法分别将总发射功率约束分布式检测融合问题转化为一个秩为1的最大特征值问题,获得了最优加权乘性系数的闭合解.蒙特卡洛仿真试验表明:在低虚警概率条件下,当信噪比大于等于0dB时,文中提出的方法的性能优于传统的基于并行网络拓扑结构的最优似然比方法.     

柿叶总黄酮缓释微丸累积释药率的测定

采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定了柿叶总黄酮缓释微丸在人工胃液和磷酸盐缓冲液(pH=6.8)中的累积释药率,并分别对其释药模型进行拟合.结果显示缓释微丸在磷酸盐缓冲液中12h的累积释药率为83.22%,释药模型符合Higuchi方程;在人工胃液中12h的累积释药率为55.42%,释药模型为Higuchi方程.相较于人工胃液,柿叶总黄酮缓释微丸在磷酸盐缓冲液中具有良好的释药性能.