Aqueous Slip Casting of Transparent Aluminum Oxynitride

Highly transparent Aluminum oxynitride (AlON) body has been produced using aqueous slip casting technique. High‐purity alumina and AlN were used as raw materials for the synthesis of single‐phase AlON powder. As‐synthesized AlON powder was surface modified to enable the AlON powders resistant to hydrolysis in water during aqueous slip casting. High solid loaded aqueous AlON slip was prepared for casting followed by drying and sintering to produce transparent AlON. Phase formation and stability was characterized by XRD, pH, and viscosity measurements. AlON powders before and after surface treatments were characterized. Sintered transparent AlON samples were characterized for their mechanical, microstructural, and optical properties. Sintered and polished AlON produced in this study has shown inline transparency up to 80% between 0.22 and 6 μm wavelength region.     

Mechanical Properties of Submicrometer‐Grained Transparent Yttria Ceramics by Hot Pressing with Hot‐Isostatic Pressing

Here, we report the fabrication and mechanical properties of submicrometer‐grained (0.29–0.58 μm) transparent yttria ceramics by hot pressing combined with hot‐isostatic pressing. The effects of the grain size on the microhardness and the fracture toughness were studied. An unusual decrease of the fracture toughness with an increase in the grain size was revealed, which may be attributed to the different grain size dependence of the fracture behavior of the ZrO₂‐doped yttria ceramics compared to that of other yttria ceramics. The microhardness and fracture toughness of the transparent yttria ceramics were found to be better than those of the large‐grained yttria ceramics.     

Highly transparent AlON ceramics sintered from powder synthesized by carbothermal reduction nitridation

Aluminum oxynitride (AlON) powders were synthesized by the carbothermal reduction and nitridation process using commercial γ-Al₂O₃ and carbon black powders as starting materials. And AlON transparent ceramics were fabricated by pressureless sintering under nitrogen atmosphere. The effects of ball milling time on morphology and particle size distribution of the AlON powders, as well as the microstructure and optical property of AlON transparent ceramics were investigated. It is found that single-phase AlON powder was obtained by calcining the γ-Al₂O₃/C mixture at 1550 °C for 1 h and a following heat treatment at 1750 °C for 2 h. The AlON powder ball milled for 24 h showed smaller particles and narrower particle size distribution compared with the 12 h one, which was benefit for the improvement of optical property of AlON transparent ceramics. With the sintering aids of 0.25 wt% MgO and 0.04 wt% Y₂O₃, highly transparent AlON ceramics with in-line transmittance above 80% from visible to infrared range were obtained through pressureless sintering at 1850 °C for 6 h.     

Fast one-step carbothermal reduction and nitridation method using nano-sized Al2O3 and carbon black to prepare aluminium oxynitride powder for highly transparent ceramics

By fast heating the nano-sized Al₂O₃ and carbon black mixtures at 50°C/min to 1750°C for 30–120 min, single-phase AlON powders were successfully obtained by a fast one-step carbothermal reduction and nitridation (CRN) method. The AlON ceramics pressureless sintered at 1880°C for 150 min by these powders show high transmittances up to 83%–84%, which indicates that the proposed fast one-step CRN method is an effective and efficient way with strong robustness to synthesize single-phase AlON powder for highly transparent AlON ceramics. It was found that α-Al₂O₃ particles do not have enough time to aggregate and coalesce during heating due to the tremendously shortened heating span, which significantly inhibited particle coarsening until the formation of AlON starts. The fast-formed AlON further inhibits the coarsening of α-Al₂O₃ during dwelling. Consequently, single-phase AlON powder of small primary particles can be obtained after 30 min dwelling at 1750°C.     

炭化叶脉网络生长MOFs材料制备透明超级电容器

可穿戴和便携式电子设备迫切需要发展透明超级电容器等电化学储能器件。炭化树叶叶脉由连续的碳纤维网络构成,具有非常好的透明性,且兼具导电性好和质量轻的优点。本文以炭化菩提树叶叶脉网络为集流体,通过溶剂热法在其上原位生长了Ni/Co混合金属-有机框架材料（Ni/Co-MOF）。炭化叶脉的连续碳纤维网络有利于电子连续传输及电解液的输运;Ni/Co-MOF中混合金属中心有利于提供更多的电化学位点存储电荷。所制备的炭化叶脉网络@Ni/Co-MOF透明电极在1mA/cm²电流密度下表现出1.15F/cm²的高面积容量,经过1000次循环后,容量保持率为105.4%,仍具有良好的循环稳定性。以炭化叶脉网络@Ni/Co-MOF和炭化叶脉网络@活性炭组装成非对称透明超级电容器,在1.6V的大电势窗口、1mA/cm²的电流密度下,得到的面积容量为0.47F/cm²、面积能量密度为0.61W·h/cm²;并具有良好的循环稳定性,在循环300圈后,容量保持率为93.6%。炭化叶脉网络@MOF材料的方法将为制备透明功能器件如传感器、光电器件、太阳电池和锂离子电池等应用提供了新途径。     

锂铝硅透明微晶玻璃析晶动力学研究

本文利用经典方程(Johnson-Mehl-Avrami)分析了非化学计量的锂铝硅Li₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-ZrO₂-P₂O₅透明微晶玻璃的析晶动力学,采用DSC、XRD和SEM研究了晶化温度对玻璃析晶行为的影响。结果表明:在较低的起始析晶温度下Li₂Si₂O₅和Li₂SiO₃析出,随晶化温度的升高,主晶相转变为LiAlSi₄O₁₀,Li₂SiO₃晶相消失,晶体尺寸变小,在550 nm处微晶玻璃透过率由89.3%升高到90.6%;利用Kissinger方法计算出的Li₂Si₂O₅和LiAlSi₄O₁₀的析晶活化能分别为349.5 kJ/mol和184.2 kJ/mol,平均晶体生长指数分别为3.05和1.42。     

静态热处理时间对轮毂轴承用复合锂基润滑脂流变特性的影响

为研究轮毂轴承工作过程中的热效应对复合锂基润滑脂流变性能的影响,采用静态热处理方式模拟轮毂轴承内复合锂基润滑脂的受热情况。在150℃下对润滑脂进行不同时间的热处理,并采用旋转流变仪研究各样品的流变特性变化规律。研究结果表明:短时间的静态加热处理后,复合锂基润滑脂胶体分散体系发生物理变化;皂纤维缠结程度先降低然后呈逐渐增加的趋势,出现了一定程度的固化;触变性分析表明复合锂基润滑脂的结构恢复性能随加热时间的延长而逐渐减弱。     

阳极氧化法制备透明氧化铝薄膜的研究

以铝箔为阳极,石墨为阴极,草酸为电解液,采用二次阳极氧化法制备透明氧化铝薄膜。采用金相显微镜观察一次阳极氧化和二次阳极氧化后氧化铝薄膜的表面形貌,并用X射线衍射仪对氧化铝薄膜结构进行表征。结果表明,二次阳极氧化工艺对氧化铝薄膜的质量有重要的影响。采用退火-除油-浸蚀-电化学抛光-一次阳极氧化-二次阳极氧化工艺,并严格控制工艺参数,可以制备结构良好的透明氧化铝薄膜,且氧化铝薄膜是非晶态结构。     

油橄榄透明皂的制作研究

首先用油棕榈核油、棕榈油、椰子油、蓖麻油和玉米油作油脂原料合成了透明皂的皂基,之后又将当地特色植物油——橄榄油作为添加剂制作出来一种新配方的油橄榄透明皂。文中考察了原料配比、皂化时间、皂化温度、油橄榄的加入量对油橄榄透明皂的影响,确定了制作油橄榄透明皂的最佳实验条件。     

温度控制的Eu3+和Dy3+掺杂α-NaYF4微晶玻璃的荧光光谱研究

采用熔融冷却退火法制备了Eu3+单掺杂和Eu3+-Dy3+共掺杂的四方相α-NaYF4微晶玻璃,通过x射线衍射研究了Eu3+掺杂的α-NaYF4微晶玻璃的结构。在25~300℃温度范围内,测试了Eu3+单掺杂和Eu3+-Dy3+共掺杂α-NaYF4微晶玻璃的变温光谱,研究了温度对Eu3+和Dy3+发射光谱的调制作用。结果发现温度的增加导致了Eu3+和Dy3+离子发射峰的荧光强度逐渐减弱。