直流等离子喷枪的研究现状及发展趋势

直流等离子喷枪是等离子喷涂系统中最为核心的部件,决定了粒子的熔融软化沉积效果和涂层性能。总结 了阴极、阳极 ( 喷嘴 ) 和气体分配环等关键部件的结构特征对等离子射流的影响。进一步介绍了直流等离子喷枪 的结构优化发展,重点从等离子体射流稳定性和涂层沉积效率提升等角度进行阐述,介绍了级联等离子喷枪对射 流稳定性的优化,以及送粉方式对涂层沉积效率的提升,并展望了未来的发展趋势。     

Highly stable DNA triplexes formed with cationic phosphoramidate pyrimidine alpha-oligonucleotides

The ability of cationic phosphoramidate pyrimidine alpha-oligonucleotides (ONs) to form triplexes with DNA duplexes was investigated by UV melting experiments, circular dichroism spectroscopy and gel mobility shift experiments. Replacement of the phosphodiester linkages in alpha-ONs with positively charged phosphoramidate linkages results in more efficient triplex formation, the triplex stability increasing with the number of positive charges. At a neutral pH and in the absence of magnesium ions, it was found that a fully cationic phosphoramidate alpha-TFO (triplex-forming oligonucleotide) forms a highly stable triplex that melts at a higher temperature than the duplex target. No hysteresis between the annealing and melting curves was noticed; this indicates fast association. Moreover, the recognition of a DNA duplex with a cationic alpha-TFO through Hoogsteen base pairing is highly sequence-specific. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of stable triplexes in the pyrimidine motif formed by cationic alpha-oligonucleotides and duplex targets.     

电磁干扰导致发电机励磁系统误动的分析

随着发电机单机容量的增大,厂用电配电网络中电缆线路产生的电磁干扰问题愈来愈不容忽视。特别是高压大容量电动机的起动过程,暂态时间长、电流幅值大,如果控制电缆的敷设未按照相关标准进行,将会对机组励磁等某些敏感设备造成电磁兼容性故障,影响发电机的正常运行,进而破坏电力系统稳定。针对一台300MW汽轮发电机在机组电动给水泵起动时励磁系统跳闸的故障现象,从励磁系统灭磁逻辑、设备安装现场的电磁环境方面进行系统分析,认为误动跳闸是电磁干扰引起的。提出并采取将安装于控制室的自动电压调节器(AVR)柜迁移至发电机底部的励磁室、以消除给水泵动力电缆与励磁低压电缆间电感性耦合干扰的改造措施。两年多的运行实践验证了分析的正确性和改造措施可行性。     

三层系统中自定义标签的实现

报道了自定义标签在三层系统中的实现,找出Web应用系统中View层的表现模式的解决办法,建立一套针对业务领域的自定义标签库.在用户界层抽取复杂的各种业务表现模式,抽取出最小、可实现的表现元素,并归类整理后定义在标签库描述文件中.针对每个标签的解析文件,以便在运行过程中能够解析符合J2EE规范的自定义标签,最后通过Web应用的配置文件对自定义标签的引入及JSP程序对自定义标签的使用,解决用户界面显示要求灵活多变和操作控制复杂的问题,保证系统的稳定性.     

A Shape Memory Acrylamide/DNA Hydrogel Exhibiting Switchable Dual pH‐Responsiveness

Shape memory acrylamide/DNA hydrogels include two different crosslinkers as stabilizing elements. The triggered dissociation of one of the crosslinking elements transforms the shaped hydrogel into an arbitrarily shaped (or shapeless) quasi‐liquid state. The remaining crosslinking element, present in the quasi‐liquid, provides an internal memory that restores the original shaped hydrogel upon the stimulus‐triggered regeneration of the second crosslinking element. Two pH‐sensitive shape memory hydrogels, forming Hoogsten‐type triplex DNA structures, are described. In one system, the shaped hydrogel is stabilized at pH = 7.0 by two different duplex crosslinkers, and the transition of the hydrogel into the shapeless quasi‐liquid proceeds at pH = 5.0 by separating one of the crosslinking units into a protonated cytosine–guanine–cytosine (C–G·C⁺ ) triplex. The second shaped hydrogel is stabilized at pH = 7.0, by cooperative duplex and thymine–adenine–thymine triplex (T–A·T) bridges. At pH = 10.0, the triplex units separate, leading to the dissociation of the hydrogel into the quasi‐liquid state. The cyclic, pH‐stimulated transitions of the two systems between shaped hydrogels and shapeless states are demonstrated. Integrating the two hydrogels into a shaped “two‐arrowhead” hybrid structure allows the pH‐stimulated cyclic transitions of addressable domains of the hybrid between shaped and quasi‐liquid states.     

Fluorescence detection of single-nucleotide polymorphism with single-strand triplex-forming DNA probes

Triple-helix-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) are widespread in the genome and have been found in regulatory regions, especially in promoter zones and recombination hotspots of DNA. To specifically detect these polypurine sequences, we designed and synthesized two dual pyrene-labeled single-strand oligonucleotide probes (TFO-FPs) consisting of recognition, linker, and detection sequences. The hybridization processes of TFO-FPs with target polypurine oligonucleotides involve both Watson-Crick and Hoogsteen base-pairings. Through double sensing of oligonucleotide sequences, single mutations of target oligonucleotides are detected by monitoring changes in pyrene fluorescence. The high specificities of the probes are maintained over a wide temperature range without sacrifice of hybridization kinetics.     

CEFR3层水平热屏蔽热工流体的数值研究

中国实验快堆（CEFR）采用池式结构,钠池分为冷钠池和热钠池,冷、热钠池之间的3层水平热屏蔽层既是热池的冷边界,也是冷池的热边界,其内部的热工流体直接影响着冷池和热池内的温度分布。针对CEFR满功率运行工况,利用CFX软件,对1/4区域水平热屏蔽层内的热工流体进行三维数值模拟,冷池边界为360℃,热池边界取490和516℃两种方案,数学模型采用RNGk-ε模型。与现有结果相比,由于考虑了对流换热,所得到的平均温度低于设计温度。     

低波动往复泵无冲击运动分析

对于三缸低波动往复泵，理论上应使三个活塞在排出行程（吸入行程）中的速度之和为一常数，采用凸轮机构能达到这一目的。满足这一要求的活塞运动曲线有多条，本文论述了一条无冲击运动曲线；给出了活塞的位移、速度、加速度曲线及解析表达式。活塞加速度曲线为连续曲线，可避免活塞对凸轮的冲击。     

热处理对TC21钛合金显微组织的影响

对TC21钛合金进行双重固溶+时效热处理,研究固溶冷却速率、温度对合金显微组织的影响。研究表明,初生α相形貌主要受一次高温固溶温度控制,高温固溶冷却速率对次生α相含量及长宽比有显著的影响。高的固溶冷却速率可以保留更多的亚稳定β相,从而在时效过程析出更多细小的次生α相,导致强度增加,塑性及韧性下降。二次低温固溶温度对合金后续的时效响应有显著的影响,高的固溶温度可以保留更多的β相,促使更多细小的转变α相在时效中析出;低的固溶热处理温度导致固溶残余β相相含量减小,时效敏感性降低。时效过程导致残余β相的分解,特别是大块亚稳定β相区。     

Structural Insights into Human Adenovirus Type 4 Virus-Associated RNA I

RNA molecules can adopt specific RNA triplex structures to execute critical biological functions. Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are abundant pathogens encoding the essential, noncoding virus-associated RNA I (VA RNAI). Here, we employ a triplex-specific probing assay, based on the intercalating and cleaving agent benzoquinoquinoxaline 1, 10-phenanthroline (BQQ–OP), to unravel a potential RNA triplex formation in VA RNAI. The BQQ–OP cleavage of the pathogenic HAdV type 4 (HAdV-4) VA RNAI indicates that a potential triplex is formed involving the highly conserved stem 4 of the central domain and side stem 7. Further, the integrity of the HAdV-4 VA RNAI side stem 7 contributes to a potential triplex formation in vitro and virus growth in vivo. Collectively, we propose that the HAdV-4 VA RNAI can potentially form a biologically relevant triplex structure.