U.v. absorbers in sun cosmetics 1978

A comprehensive survey has been carried out to establish which sun-screen agents are used by the cosmetics industry in Holland. During 1978, some 200 cosmetic sun preparations, composed of forty-eight brands, were purchased and analysed to determine which u.v. absorbing compounds were present. Most of those found were identified and quantified by means of thin layer chromatography and u.v. spectrometry. A basis for this work was the proposal by the European Cosmetic Manufacturers to produce a positive list of u.v. absorbers. It was felt that by carrying out this survey, some priority could be placed on the most popular materials used by the industry. When comparing those found with the European list of u.v. absorbers 1978, only twenty-four of the sixty compounds listed could be identified in the samples. The six most frequently used were found to be:

• 1 2-Ethylhexyl.p.methoxycinnamate (nineteen brands).
• 2 2-Phenylbenzimidazole.5-sulphonic acid (eleven brands).
• 3 2-Ethoxyethyl.p.methoxycinnamate (nine brands).
• 4 3 (4′Methylbenzylidene)D,D,L-camphor (seven brands).
• 5 3-Benzylidene.D,L-camphor (six brands).
• 6 2-Hydroxy.4-methoxy.benzophenone (six brands).

Usage levels varied from 0.4% up to 6.8%. Twenty-two products used a combination of two, and four products a combination of three sun-screens. Les filtres u.v. dans les produits anti-solaires 1978     

Energy transfer mechanism of GdPO4: RE3+ (RE = Tb, Tm) under VUV-UV excitation

Polycrystal of GdPO₄:RE³⁺ (RE=Tb, Tm) phosphors were prepared by solid-state method. Vacuum ultraviolet excitation and emission spectrum and the energy transfer mechanism between the host and dopants of Tb³⁺ and Tm³⁺ were investigated respectively. The emission of Gd³⁺ at 313 nm was enhanced by the strong absorption of CTS of Tm³⁺ at 180 nm in GdPO₄: Tm. It has also been concluded that the excitation of Gd³⁺ is transferred to Tb³⁺ and then emission peaks of ⁵D_J→⁷F_J of Tb³⁺ were observed.     

Ultraviolet shielding property of crylic acid resin filled with nano-SiO2

The present status and development trends of nano-composite coatings were briefly introduced. The nano-SiO₂ was dispersed into crylic acid resin by ultrasonic wave and high-energy ball milling, the influence of nano-SiO₂ on shielding property of coatings was investigated. Relation between particle size distribution of original nano-SiO₂ and its dispersal in water and alcohol after treatment were analyzed, respectively. The ultraviolet permeation rate of coatings filled with nano-SiO₂ was detected by ultraviolet spectral photometer. And the particle size distribution of coatings was examined by TEM. The results show that particle size distribution is comparative convergence and smaller one order of magnitude after dispersal treatment. The size of most nano-SiO₂ in coatings is smaller than 100 nm, which indicates that the amount of nano-SiO₂ in the resin is 20% (solid content of resin), the permeation rate of ultraviolet of composite coatings decreases to 20%. The research of its excellent ultraviolet shielding property mechanism indicates minor size and high surface energy of nano-SiO₂ can produce different absorption, reflection and scatter actions to different wavelengths. Foundation item: Project(2001ZB05) supported by Maintenance and Innovation in 2001     

State Primary Standards in the Area of Radiometry of Ultraviolet Radiation

The present article describes the system used for assurance of the uniformity of measurements of the characteristics of ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength band 0.03–0.40 μm for radiation sources and receivers based on the State Primary Standards of the unit of spectral density of radiance as well as the unit of radiant flux and unit of irradiance. __________ Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 11, pp. 17–20, November, 2005.     

含油废水在旋转光化学反应器中降解实验研究

采用紫外光解的新方法，研究了溶液初始浓度、辐射时间、光源功率、液层厚度等因素对含油废水的降解影响．实验结果表明，含油废水的初始浓度对降解率影响最大，随浓度增加降解率衰减很快；辐射35min左右反应就很完全，降解率基本稳定于98．6％，光解反应速度快；500W的光源较300W的光源更有利于光解反应的进行；而液层厚薄对油类降解的影响不大．     

紫外分光光度法测定空气和废气中二氧化氯

以KI作吸收溶剂，采用溶液吸收法采集空气和废气中的二氧化氯，吸收过程中所形成的亚氯酸根在磷酸盐缓冲液介质下，用紫外分光光度法分析。结果表明，以0．5L／min流量采气，采集30min时，采样效率可达98％，最低检出限为0．073mg／m^3，加标回收率为90．0％～97．3％。空气中的氯气对测定结果无明显影响。     

复合助烧剂对Gd2O3-UO2芯块微观结构的影响

Gd2O3-UO2可燃毒物燃料是近年来核电站采用较为普遍的可燃毒物之一。本文研究了在Gd2O3-UO2芯块中添加A12O3、TiO2、V2O5各150μg／g的复合助烧剂对芯块微观结构的影响。研究表明添加复合助烧剂后可以降低Gd2O3-UO2芯块的致密化温度．在H2气氛中，1500℃烧结4h后的Gd2O3-UO2芯块的密度可达～97％TD，芯块的闭口孔在1400～1750℃整个温度范围内一直呈下降趋势．烧结温度为1750℃时芯块中气孔数量比1600℃时减少．但单个气孔体积增大．其主要机制可能是小气孔之间发生融合。添加助烧剂后，在1400～1600℃温度之间晶粒生长速度出现不一致．部分晶粒开始迅速生长，晶粒大小分布出现双峰现象；当温度为1750℃时，晶粒大小分布为正态分布．双峰现象消失，平均晶粒尺寸约为25μm。     

建筑工程紫外线消毒灯应用浅议

对民用建筑工程中常见的紫外线灭菌消毒灯装置 ,从原理、适用性和注意事项等方面作了一定的归纳、分析和总结     

205～350nm紫外高功率可调谐激光的产生

以355nm的主被动锁模YAG激光器输出的皮秒单脉冲做为泵浦源,利用非线性激光晶体BBO的倍频调谐特性,将改进型的离散角补偿的双晶BBO晶体产生的参量光,采用双块BBO晶体把参量光倍频,即可得到调谐范围为205～350nm的紫外高功率激光输出.     

非线性被动动力减振器对高耸结构风振控制的实用设计方法

以两个被控结构风振反应的控制效果相等为原则，本文建立了非线性被动动力减振器对高耸结构脉动风振反应控制的等效TMD方法。文中利用求出的等效TMD动力参数和TMD对结构风振反应控制效果等效结构阻尼比的概念，提出了基于中国荷载规范的非线性被动动力减振器对高耸结构风振控制的设计方法。