结构性失业理论及其对中国失业现状的解释

通过对结构失业进行理论探析和对我国80年代中期以来的各产业就业变动和工资率变动的考察，认为结构性失业是中国失业现象的一个显著特征，也是中国失业面临的主要矛盾，而劳动力总供给大于总需求的总量压力，实际上是居次要地位的，该结构的政策含义是，政府应该采取调整就业结构为主的失业治理对策而不是太多地依赖总需求管理政策。     

从马克思失业理论视角下浅析中国失业问题

当前,我国失业问题比较突出,根据马克思失业理论,资本积累仍是当代中国失业问题的根源。采取必要的措施解决失业问题刻不容缓。在分析马克思主义失业理论的基础上,结合实际提出解决失业问题的相应对策。     

Unemployment by gender and gender catching‐up: Empirical evidence from the Italian regions*

We examine the dynamic behaviour of unemployment rates by gender and of the gender unemployment gap over the 1992–2009 period by Italian regions. The results from unit root tests with unknown structural breaks indicate that the gender unemployment gap has narrowed in most cases. However, the pace of catching‐up and the dynamic behaviour characterizing the individual unemployment series differ substantially from one region to another. We comment on our results in the light of the reforms applied in the Italian labour market over the last two decades.     

Job-Search Persistence During Unemployment: A 10-Wave Longitudinal Study.

Dynamic predictors of job-search intensity over time are examined in a large 10-wave longitudinal study of unemployed individuals. Two sets of variables relevant to the examination of job search from a dynamic, self-regulatory perspective--core self-evaluations (T. A. Judge, A. Erez, & J. E. Bono, 1998) and the theory of planned behavior (I. Ajzen, 1991)--were used to guide our examination. Results suggest core self-evaluation is related to average levels of job-search intensity over time. Job-search intentions mediated the relationship between subjective norms and job-search self-efficacy in the prediction of job-search intensity in the following 2 weeks. Both Time 1 and cumulative job-search intensity predict reemployment. This repeated-measures study contributes to research on job search that has been primarily cross-sectional or included few time waves. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The impact of technology development on the future of the labour market in the Slovak Republic

One of the current open labour market issues is to analyze how the technology progress in production processes will affect the labour market, especially in the context of the replacement of human workers with machines. This paper aims to identify potential threats faced by the labour market in Slovakia, which based on the analysis, employs a significant number of workers in areas susceptible to automation. According to the results, industrial production in Slovakia is divided into several areas, where almost 41% of all industrial workers are employed in the manufacture of metal constructions, machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, semitrailers and trailers and the number of people employed in this sector is increasing linearly over the reference period from 2008 to 2016. The paper focuses on potential scenarios that may arise in the labour market in the near future, using Cobb-Douglas production function. In the original model, the production function of the company is based on production factors in which labour plays an important role. However, with the growth of automation, the original model of companies is changing, transforming, and workforce who has played the key role in the production process of goods or services are becoming redundant due to the growing autonomy of machines. The analyzed scenarios show situations that may arise in the labour market if a company changes the scale of the use of production factors in its production process. In other words, given the current situation as labour costs increase, the power and capabilities of machines are growing and a company wants to stay competitive on the global market.     

转型期大学生的选择性失业与就业分析

我国大学生的就业竞争日趋激烈,逐渐成了社会关注的热点问题。当前某些大学生在择业方面“高不成、低不就”的选择性失业尤为突出,其择业观念和择业预期严重脱离实际,多种因素影响了大学生的价值取向和就业观念。文章为实现大学生充分就业提出了对策和建议。     

论通货膨胀与失业

１９９３年国家实行宏观调控以来，我国失业率逐年上升，通过货膨胀率则经历了先攀后后稳步回落的过程。本文从经济体制、经济运行机制、微观个体等不同角度分析了近年来我国高通胀与高失业的原因，并提出了进一步抑制通货膨胀，提高就业水平的对策 。     

河南省就业工作的现状问题及对策

我国的就业压力越来越大,河南省就业的压力就更大.各级政府应转变观念,将就业率作为经济的首要目标.同时政府要尽快填补有关劳动法律法规空白,对现有政策和法规进行认真清理,对不利于就业规则应及时予以废止和修正,多方位、多途径拓宽就业渠道,促进就业增长.     

《资本论》关于几个现实经济问题的解释

《资本论》是马克思的辉煌之作,为我们研究当代面临的各种现实经济问题,提供了科学有力且无法替代的理论基础。运用《资本论》,有助于我们更好地去解释经济发展中面临的许多经济问题。《资本论》基本原理对社会主义市场经济、收入分配、失业、城乡统筹等问题的理论指导具有重要意义。     

北欧社会保障法律制度研究

北欧人所主张的社会保障法律是以国家为主体的公共福利计划,旨在保护全体公民免除因失业、年老、疾病或死亡风险而在收入上所遭受的损失,并借助公共服务与社会救助以提高全民福利,实行收入均等化、就业充分化、福利普遍化、福利设施体系化,遵循普遍性原则建出“从摇篮到坟墓”的社会保障法律体系。本文主要从养老保险、疾病医疗保险、职业伤害保险和失业保险等几个方面来分析。