核桃蛋白（肽）粉生产工艺实践

以低温压榨后的核桃饼为原料,通过核桃蛋白(肽)粉制备中试生产线进行工艺实践,并给出了详细工艺参数。核桃饼经亚临界低温逆流萃取后,粕粉中残油为0. 92%,蛋白质含量为54%;经核桃蛋白(肽)粉制备工艺后,蛋白粉中蛋白质含量达80%,肽粉中酸溶性蛋白含量达75%;核桃蛋白粉得率为37%,肽粉得率为17. 5%,即每吨脱脂粕粉可获得核桃蛋白粉370 kg或肽粉175 kg;获得的核桃精炼油、蛋白粉、肽粉、酶解渣粉等可直接应用于功能性食品开发,实现了资源综合利用。     

云南不同产地漾濞泡核桃品质综合评价分析

为了探究云南不同产地漾濞泡核桃品质差异,选择8个不同主产区漾濞泡核桃进行核桃青皮、仁、分心木中主要成分分析与评价。采用索氏抽提仪、凯氏定氮仪、气质联用仪及氨基酸分析仪等对核桃样进行分析。结果表明:云南8个不同主产地漾濞泡核桃综合品质较好,适宜加工高端油脂及蛋白产品,其副产物可进行功能因子的提取开发利用。揭示了云南不同主产区漾濞泡核桃主要营养及功能成分含量和种类差异,为云南核桃良种选育、精深加工等提供理论依据。     

响应面法优化核桃蛋白提取工艺研究

利用单因素实验和响应面法对核桃饼中核桃蛋白的提取工艺进行研究,并确定其较优工艺条件为:提取温度65℃,提取时间4h,pH9.0,液料比12:1.在该条件下,核桃蛋白的提取率达到93.86%,核桃蛋白中粗蛋白质量分数为86.31%.     

核桃青皮中单宁的类型及含量测定

通过定性试验得出核桃青皮中单宁类型为水解类。以Zn2＋络合法测定普通核桃青皮和美国黑核桃青皮中单宁含量分别为19.24%和29.08%,经试验对比发现,不同干燥方式（阴干、晒干、60℃烘干）对核桃青皮中单宁含量影响较大。     

Functional and conformational characterisation of walnut protein obtained through AOT reverse micelles

Walnut protein was extracted from defatted walnut flour by bis (2‐ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT) reverse micellar system and alkali solution with isoelectric precipitation. The functional and conformational characteristics of two proteins were investigated and compared. Walnut protein obtained through AOT reverse micelles was found to have higher extraction yield, solubility, emulsifying activity, foam capacities, water‐ and oil‐holding capacity compared to the protein from alkali solution along with isoelectric precipitation, while the surface hydrophobicity (H₀), contents of disulphide bond (SS) and sulfhydryl group (SH) were relatively lower. The differences of H₀, SS and SH contents could be due to the conformational changes of walnut proteins using two extraction methods. FTIR spectra and data showed that the reverse micelles caused the decrease in α‐helix, β‐sheet, random and β‐turn of walnut protein, the increase in the side‐chain structure content, which could be responsible for the modification of functional properties.     

Synthesis of “walnut-like” BiOCl/Br solid solution photocatalyst by electrostatic self-assembly method

In this paper, under the control strategy of surface charge of BiOCl photocatalyst and the electrostatic adsorption of anions and cations in potassium bromide (KBr) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the self-assembly of “walnut-like” BiOCl/Br solid solution nanophotocatalyst at a lower temperature water bath was proposed for the first time. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive system (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), UV-Vis, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and Mott-Schottky curve, transient photocurrent densities, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to analyze the properties of materials, including its morphology, element distribution and chemical states, specific surface area, electrochemical property, and photogenic charge transfer. Based on the degradation performance of RhB dye wastewater and phenol in visible and ultraviolet light, and the band structure of BiOCl/Br solid solution, the reason for the improved photocatalytic activity was deeply discussed, and the possible degradation mechanism was also put forward. The above results show that Br⁻ can be inserted into the crystal lattice of BiOCl under the effect of electrostatic adsorption to form solid solution by the interaction between atomic orbitals, which not only reduces the bandgap width but also improves the separation and mobility of photogenic electrons and holes, causing the absorbed light to shift red to the visible region. In addition, when the n_Br⁻/n_Cl⁻ = 0.67, “walnut-like” BiOCl/Br solid solution was formed, and this kind of special core-shell structure not only can increase the specific surface area, increase the number of active sites, but also can make the light reflect and refract many times in the cavity and further increase the utilization rate of light energy, and then the best photocatalytic activity was achieved. This study provides an new method to enhance the photocatalytic performance of BiOCl and be conducive to the development of modern material science.     

核桃油中脂肪酸的组成与含量测定

采用气相色谱法测定了秦岭南坡西段核桃油中脂肪酸的含量．结果表明,该地区核桃油中亚油酸含量为５９．４０％;与选定的几种天然植物油比较,核桃油中花生四烯酸含量较高,为１１．１３％．     

核桃壳催化热解制取氢气

利用自制的热解反应炉,选取核桃壳为原料,以MnO2、Al2O3、CaO三种金属氧化物为催化剂进行了一系列催化热解制备氢气的研究。实验中着重对比了催化剂存在情况下,热解气体中的氢气产率、氢气产量随热解温度的变化规律。在此基础上,选取催化剂MnO2、Al2O3和CaO进行了不同使用量对热解实验结果影响的实验。实验结果表明,MnO2的添加量在3%时,对核桃壳热解产气中的氢气体积分数提高有最佳的催化作用。