Embracing figures of speech: The transformative potential of spoken language.

The author draws on H. Loewald's theory of language and therapeutic action to elaborate two related senses in which psychoanalytic work requires embracing figures of speech. First, an inherent but frequently unacknowledged capacity of language is to embrace different modes of experience, particularly verbal and sensorimotor experience. Second, the figures or participants of the psychoanalytic conversation must and do embrace each other, with speech. Speech bridges separate individuals, thus enabling interpersonal connection. Examining the operation of spoken language in psychoanalytic treatment with case material, the author illustrates the clinical utility of mobilizing the transformative capacities of the spoken word and concludes that elucidation of these intrapsychic and interpersonal bridging capacities of language explicates the therapeutic action of the talking cure. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Volumetric measurements under pressure for 2,2,4-trimethylpentane at temperatures up to 353.15 K and for benzene and three of their mixtures at temperatures up to 348.15 K

(p, V, T) data have been obtained in the form of volume ratios relative to 0.1 MPa for benzene (298.15 to 348.15 K), 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP) (313.15 to 353.15 K), and their mixtures near 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 mole fraction of benzene (313.15 to 348.15 K) for pressures up to near the freezing pressures for benzene and the mixtures, and up to 400 MPa for TMP. Isothermal compressibilitiesκ _T, isobaric expansivitie α, changes in heat capacity at constant pressureΔC _p, and excess molar volumesV ^E have been determined from the data. Literature data at atmospheric pressure have been used to convert theΔC _p toC _p at several temperatures. The isobars for α over the temperature range 278.15 to 353.15 K for TMP intersect near 47 MPa and reverse their order in temperature when plotted against pressure; normalization of the α's by dividing the values at each temperature by the α at 0.1 MPa prevents both the intersection and the reversal of the order. TheV ^E are positive and have an unusual dependence on pressure: they increase with temperature and pressure so that the order of the curves for 0.1, 50, and 100 MPa changes in going from 313.15 to 348.15 K.     

Perpendicular MXene Arrays with Periodic Interspaces toward Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anodes with High‐Rate Capabilities

Although lithium metal is an ultimate anode material for lithium‐based batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity, the uncontrollable dendrites and infinite volume change associated with poor rate capabilities are stagnating its practical applications. Here, a new type of perpendicular MXene–Li array is developed with tunable MXene walls and constant space in between as anodes for lithium metal batteries. Such perpendicular MXene arrays possess dual periodic interspaces, i.e., nanometer‐scale interspaces in MXene walls and micrometer‐scale interspaces between MXene walls. The former interspaces are favorable for the fast transfer of lithium ions upon stripping and plating, and the latter enables efficiently homogenization of the electric field, leading to a good high‐rate capability up to 20 mA cm^?2. More importantly, the notorious lightning rod effect and volume change are efficiently inhibited in such perpendicular MXene arrays, giving rise to a dendrite‐free lithium anode with a low potential of 25 mV, a high capacity of 2056 mAh g^?1, and good cycle stability up to 1700 h.     

Ant colony optimization algorithm for scheduling jobs with fuzzy processing time on parallel batch machines with different capacities

We study the problem of scheduling on parallel batch processing machines with different capacities under a fuzzy environment to minimize the makespan. The jobs have non-identical sizes and fuzzy processing times. After constructing a mathematical model of the problem, we propose a fuzzy ant colony optimization (FACO) algorithm. Based on the machine capacity constraint, two candidate job lists are adopted to select the jobs for building the batches. Moreover, based on the unoccupied space of the solution, heuristic information is designed for each candidate list to guide the ants. In addition, a fuzzy local optimization algorithm is incorporated to improve the solution quality. Finally, the proposed algorithm is compared with several state-of-the-art algorithms through extensive simulated experiments and statistical tests. The comparative results indicate that the proposed algorithm can find better solutions within reasonable time than all the other compared algorithms.     

Metal-oxidized graphite composite electrodes for lithium-ion batteries

The electrochemical behavior of composite electrodes obtained by mixing graphite (Timrex KS-15 by Timcall), partially oxidized by thermal treatment, with nanometric metal particles (Au, Ag, Ni, Cu, Al, Sn) at about 1% (w/o) is presented. The charge-discharge properties of the composite electrodes have been studied in the temperature range 20 to −30 °C in 1 M LiPF₆ EC-DEC-DMC (1:1:1). The main effect is a general improvement of the cycling behavior at any temperature. In particular, at −30 °C about 30% of the theoretical intercalation capacity is retained by electrodes containing Cu, Al and Sn. At the same temperature, the composites containing the above metals show evidences of lithium staging. This may indicate that certain metals affect the kinetics of phase transformation that, together with other effects including charge transfer resistance, lithium diffusion coefficient and polarization due to SEI and solvent conductivities, seems to be the main cause of the poor intercalation capacity of graphite anodes at low temperature.     

Host discrimination and egg laying in Anisopteromalus calandrae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) ectoparasitoid of Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

The recognition and avoidance of already parasitized hosts is a major issue in parasitoid behavioral ecology, particularly for solitary species. Superparasitism avoidance is often described as an adaptive strategy, and the discrimination abilities of parasitized hosts have been selected in many species. The recognition of parasitized hosts often relies on olfactory cues or a marking pheromone that could decay with the time between successive host encounters. The intraspecific discrimination abilities of the solitary parasitoid Anisopteromalus calandrae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) have been studied in the laboratory under several conditions. While the discrimination abilities of recently parasitized hosts and those parasitized for a longer time (i.e. when the first egg is about to hatch) are known in this species, their capacity to discriminate hosts containing eggs at intermediate stages and their capacity to adapt superparasitism avoidance depending on the identity of the first female has not been explored. The present study investigated (i) females' behavior in the presence of hosts parasitized by themselves or conspecifics with varying time intervals, and (ii) whether these females were able to adapt their reproductive strategy when placed in a choice and a no-choice situation.Our experiments confirmed that A. calandrae females are able to discriminate between parasitized and unparasitized hosts, as they laid more eggs on the latter. However, they did not recognize hosts containing eggs of a conspecific at intermediate developmental stages, when placed in either a choice or a no-choice situation. The same phenomenon was observed in a self-superparasitism situation in a choice experiment. By contrast, in a no-choice situation, they recognized hosts containing eggs that had been freshly laid by themselves, but not those at an intermediate stage of development.     

Partial replacement of meat by sugar cane fibre: cooking characteristics,sensory properties of beef burgers and in vitro fermentation of sugar cane fibre

In this study, sugar cane fibre (SCF) partially replaced meat in beef burger formulations. The effects of SCF on cook yield, dimensional changes, sensory characteristics of beef burgers and in vitro gut fermentation characteristics were evaluated. Replacing beef with 1 to 5% SCF in burgers significantly increased cook yields from 13.8 ± 0.3 to 59.1 ± 0.3% due to its high water-binding capacity of 5.89 ± 0.08 g g⁻¹ and oil-binding capacity of 4.68 ± 0.03 g g⁻¹. The inclusion of SCF improved cooking properties whilst improving sensory characteristics. Burgers with 1% SCF had the highest overall acceptability. SCF was steadily fermented with a porcine faecal inoculum for up to 72 h, producing short-chain fatty acids. The characteristics of high water/oil binding and fermentability suggest that SCF has the potential to provide a range of dietary fibre benefits, and therefore deserves further study.     

Correlation Between Physicochemical Characteristics and Binding Capacities of Chitosan Products

ABSTRACT: Physicochemical characteristics (molecular weight, nitrogen, ash, degree of deacetylation, bulk density, viscosity, and residual amino acids) of 6 commercial chitosans differed with products. Significant correlations were observed between molecular weight and viscosity and between nitrogen and degree of deacetylation. Binding capacities of water, fat, and three different dyes also varied depending on the products. Results of correlations between binding capacities and physicochemical characteristics indicated that both water and fat binding capacities were significantly negatively correlated with bulk density. In addition, fat binding capacity showed a significant correlation with viscosity. Significant negative correlations were observed between dye binding capacities of three red, yellow, and blue dyes and ash.