Biphase Cobalt–Manganese Oxide with High Capacity and Rate Performance for Aqueous Sodium‐Ion Electrochemical Energy Storage

Manganese‐based metal oxide electrode materials are of great importance in electrochemical energy storage for their favorable redox behavior, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, their storage capacity and cycle life in aqueous Na‐ion electrolytes is not satisfactory. Herein, the development of a biphase cobalt–manganese oxide (Co? Mn? O) nanostructured electrode material is reported, comprised of a layered MnO₂?H₂O birnessite phase and a (Co_0.83Mn_0.13Va_0.04)_tetra(Co_0.38Mn_1.62)_octaO_3.72 (Va: vacancy; tetra: tetrahedral sites; octa: octahedral sites) spinel phase, verified by neutron total scattering and pair distribution function analyses. The biphase Co? Mn? O material demonstrates an excellent storage capacity toward Na‐ions in an aqueous electrolyte (121 mA h g^?1 at a scan rate of 1 mV s^?1 in the half‐cell and 81 mA h g^?1 at a current density of 2 A g^?1 after 5000 cycles in full‐cells), as well as high rate performance (57 mA h g^?1 a rate of 360 C). Electrokinetic analysis and in situ X‐ray diffraction measurements further confirm that the synergistic interaction between the spinel and layered phases, as well as the vacancy of the tetrahedral sites of spinel phase, contribute to the improved capacity and rate performance of the Co? Mn? O material by facilitating both diffusion‐limited redox and capacitive charge storage processes.     

关于提高企业创新能力的法律思考

在世界新科技革命推动下,知识在经济社会发展中的作用日益突出,国民财富的增长和人类生活的改善越来越有赖于知识的积累和创新。知识的积累和创新主体主要是企业,但我国企业自主创新能力薄弱已制约了我国社会经济发展。本文分析了我国企业自主创新能力的现状,探讨了欧盟及相关国家支持产业研究与创新的相关措施。构建了提高我国企业自主创新能力机制:即立法确立企业在自主创新中主体地位;大力提高对知识产权的管理、运用能力,依法加强对知识产权的保护;完善提高企业自主创新能力的法律和政策体系。     

屏南地区木拱廊桥局部构件的二级系统研究

在了解屏南地区木拱廊桥的历史条件、结构特点及其保护应用的背景下,着重研究了木拱廊桥百祥桥的二级系统,分析了其在提高拱桥结构性能中发挥的作用.运用计算机模拟建立了木拱桥二级系统的模型,对比了二级系统模型的受力、变形特点.结果表明：二级系统增强了拱桥的整体性与变形协调性,有助于系统避免应力集中,减少局部构件的破坏,对提高拱桥的结构性能有重要作用.     

Weak-restriction bi-objective optimization algorithm for scheduling with rejection on non-identical batch processing machines

We investigate the problem of scheduling a set of jobs with arbitrary sizes and unequal weights on a set of parallel batch machines with non-identical capacities. The objective is to minimize the makespan of the accepted jobs and the total rejection penalty of the rejected jobs, simultaneously. To address the studied problem, a Pareto-based ant colony optimization algorithm with the first job selection probability (FPACO) is proposed. A weak-restriction selection strategy is proposed to obtain the desirability of candidate jobs. Two objective-oriented heuristic information and pheromone matrices are designed, respectively, to record the experience in different search dimensions. Moreover, a local optimization algorithm is incorporated to improve the solution quality. Finally, the proposed algorithm is compared with four existing algorithms through extensive simulation experiments. The experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm outperforms all of the compared algorithms within a reasonable time.     

新形势下高校办公室人员能力建设探讨

随着国家科教兴国战略的确立和教育教学体制改革的不断深入,高校的职能范围在扩大,作为学校首脑机关的办公室任务日渐繁重和复杂,工作面临着许多新情况、新问题。如何赶上时代发展步伐。主动适应全面素质教育对办公室工作提出的新要求,是新时期办公室工作人员需要面对的重要课题。     

Nanostructured Silicon Anodes for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Despite the high theoretical capacity of Si anodes, the electrochemical performance of Si anodes is hampered by severe volume changes during lithiation and delithiation, leading to poor cyclability and eventual electrode failure. Nanostructured silicon and its nanocomposite electrodes could overcome this problem holding back the deployment of Si anodes in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) by providing facile strain relaxation, short lithium diffusion distances, enhanced mass transport, and effective electrical contact. Here, the recent progress in nanostructured Si‐based anode materials such as nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, porous Si, and their respective composite materials and fabrication processes in the application of LIBs have been reviewed. The ability of nanostructured Si materials in addressing the above mentioned challenges have been highlighted. Future research directions in the field of nanostructured Si anode materials for LIBs are summarized.     

40000kN热模锻压力机公称力能特性标定的特殊性和关键技术

结合标定 4 0 0 0 0kN热模锻压力机公称力能特性的经验 ,介绍了锻压设备力能特性标定的重要性。着重介绍了大吨位热模锻压力机公称力能特性标定的特殊性和几个关键技术 ,它们包括防止离合器打滑、闷车、协调试样尺寸和数量等内容。从而作到既能标定出设备的公称力能 ,又能保证每次标定打击时 ,能量和载荷都不过载等     

An argument against dual valuation system competition: Cognitive capacities supporting future orientation mediate rather than compete with visceral motivations.

The dynamic inconsistency of preference is well documented in behavioral research, but its basis remains controversial. In this article, the authors summarize recent functional MRI (fMRI) work in the domain of intertemporal choice, specifically considering evidence bearing on the hypothesis that delay discounting in humans is determined by competition between an evolutionarily older system that discounts precipitously with delay (System 1) and a newer system that exhibits very little discounting (System 2). The authors argue that neuroimaging evidence does not support the hypothesized separate and competing value systems. While it is clear that the sophisticated cognitive capacities that lead to greater valuation of larger later alternatives (e.g., selective attention and self-signaling) depend critically on neocortical structures, these capacities affect intertemporal choice through mediation of (rather than competition with) older cortical and subcortical structures central to reward and motivation. Taken together, neuroimaging evidence supports the alternative hypothesis that intertemporal choice is guided by a single valuation system. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

高层建筑施工附着升降脚手架的极限承载力(1)

建立了附着升降脚手架各主要杆件的有限元单元刚度矩阵,在总结各类形式脚手架共性的基础上做了进一步系统的简化和假设,形成了附着升降脚手架的承载力计算模型,给出了附着升降脚手架在其竖向荷载及竖向荷载和水平风载两种工况下的极限承载力计算方法,并基于定型化、工具化、标准化原则建立了以脚手架构件主要尺寸变量为参数的极限承载力计算表格,可供工程人员参考使用.