基于独立组分分析和BP神经网络的可见/ 近红外光谱稻谷年份的鉴别

建立了一种基于独立组分分析的可见/近红外光谱反射技术快速鉴别稻谷年份的新方法.首先用独立组分分析方法获取不同年份稻谷的可见/近红外光谱载荷图,将载荷图中相关性最大的波段(特征波段)作为人工神经网络的输入建立稻谷年份的鉴别模型.每个年份40个样本,3个年份共120个样本用来建立BP神经网络模型,剩余的3个年份各20个样本用于预测.预测的结果表明,准确率达到100%.同时通过独立组分分析,得到了稻谷主要成分对应的敏感波段.说明本文提出的基于独立组分分析的方法具有很好的鉴别效果,为稻谷的年份鉴别提供了一种新方法.     

基于饱和度的异色米粒检测方法

提出了一种基于饱和度的异色米粒检测方法.该方法由于利用米粒的一维饱和度特征将米粒分成正常白米粒和异色米粒两大类,因而,可通过一个分类阈值同时检测出米粒中的各种异色米粒.由于利用正常白米粒和异色米粒两类饱和度特征优化了分类阈值,而且还通过扫描式区域增长的办法来提高单个米粒的饱和度特征,因而,可在群米粒中检测出单个异色米粒,且检测精度高.实验结果得出:该方法对异色米粒检测的检测精度为97.8%.     

Reversible Molecular Rearrangement of Slightly Acid-treated Starches

The reersible association and dissociation of starch chain populations obtained from acid-treated starches (ATSs) was investigated. Potato starch, both nonglutinous and glutinous rice starches and sago starch were suspended in 15% sulfuric acid until 1% hydroysis occured. These ATSs had relative molecular weight ranges of 25,00–29,000 daltons. In water, about half the molecules were reconstituted into large aggregates of a few million daltons. This change in molecular size depended on presence of potassium chloride. It was not observed in debranched samples. The aggregates showed a clear endothermic peak on a DSC curve. Thus, the reversibly rearranging starch chain populations were not linear, but were branched and had some type of ordered structure.     

高压交变电场对稻谷储藏品质和加工品质影响

目的 以粮库收储当年的粳稻为研究对象,研究高压交变电场和充氮气调环境中稻谷储藏品质和加工品质特征,旨在初步探讨高压交变电场在稻谷储藏中的应用.方法 采用双因素两水平实验,在28℃下,在空气无电场、空气有电场、充氮气调无电场和充氮气调电场这4个处理环境中对稻谷进行储藏,探讨其品质变化.结果 充氮气调处理对储藏稻谷的水分含量下降,脂肪酸值、黄粒米率、黄度指数和碎米率的上升有显著减缓作用;高压交变电场储藏对稻谷脂肪酸值、黄粒米率、黄度指数和碎米率的上升有显著抑制作用,脂肪酸值和黄变抑制效果相较于充氮气调处理均有不同程度的提高.另外研究表明,电场和气调处理对糙米率和精米率均没有显著影响.结论 在高压交变电场和充氮气调处理环境中储藏稻谷都能起到较好的保质作用,电场处理对于抑制脂肪酸值和黄变有一定优势,这为高压交变电场仓储稻谷的推广应用提供了技术指导.     

Social norms perspective of agriculture technology adoption and welfare in Ghana: Extending multinomial endogenous treatment effect model

The development of agriculture and improving farmers’ welfare help focus the attention of researchers towards the adoption of individual and combined technology choices which focus on socio-economic and plot features. This paper used current data (2019) from rice farmers in Northern Ghana to extend multinomial endogenous treatment effect model which control selection bias to culture and religion. The research examined predictors of improved rice developed domestically, foreign improved rice varieties and the joint of the two kinds, and how each alternative impact the welfare of farmers (rice yield, per capita income, consumption expenditure and total assets). Our empirical findings show that the adoption of any alternative makes farmers better-off relative to non-adoption. Also, adopters in Guan and Christian faith have higher gains relative to their counter-part cultural and religious units. This paper recommends the importance of including cultural and religious values in technology sensitisation programmes and intense collaboration of crucial stakeholders to offer farmers alternatives to choices.     

ECMP麻浆用于配抄稻草板护面纸板的研究

研究了将ECMP麻浆配用国内废纸浆,抄造稻草板护面纸板的可行性,并对外层、里层施胶度、以及干燥前压榨压力、经济成本等进行了讨论,结论认为:ECMP麻浆配抄稻草板护面纸板可以满足护面纸企业标准要求,并可取得良好的经济效益。     

大米淀粉制备及其综合利用研究进展

大米淀粉以其独特物理化学性质广泛用于食品、纺织等行业,该文综述近年来大米淀粉制备及其性质和应用研究概况。     

苦荞-小麦混合粉流变学特性及烘焙特性研究

该文对苦荞小麦混合粉粉质特性、拉伸特性进行系统研究。随着苦荞粉比例增加,形成时间、稳定时间缩短,弱化度上升,评价值下降,拉伸参数均呈下降趋势;且苦荞粉比例越大,下降幅度越大。另外,面包烘焙实验表明,苦荞添加量为10％和20％时,苦荞面包尚有较好烘焙特性,添加量增至30％时,烘焙特性显著下降,添加量达40％或50％时,烘焙特性极差。     

黑血糯米粉的物化性质研究

研究了黑血糯的营养成分,黑血糯淀粉的颗粒形貌和结晶性质,糊的凝沉性,冻融稳定性以及糊的粘度曲线。结果表明黑血糯的蛋白质含量高,氨基酸组成合理,结晶度高,糊化温度高,糊的凝沉性低,冻融稳定性一般。可知酸、碱可以促进黑血糯的糊化,而蔗糖则有一定的抑制作用。     

蛋糕预混合粉淀粉添加的研究

研究了淀粉添加对小麦粉粉质和蛋清粉蛋白发泡能力的影响.通过对蛋糕进行感官评定与SMS质构分析,基本确定了蛋糕预混合粉中淀粉的添加量为6%.同时利用SPSS软件相关性分析进一步确认了蛋糕品质与质构各参数之间的联系,即硬度值和咀嚼性与蛋糕品质成负相关,弹性、回复性和黏聚性与蛋糕品质成正相关.