兰州地区“减柱造”的方式和特点

我国古典建筑是以木结构为主的框架体系。随着人们对内部空间扩大的要求，老一辈建筑师创造了“减柱造”的方法。兰州是我国古代东西文化交流的过渡地区，当地人在扩大建筑物内部大空间的方法上，创造了三种未见于文献的“减柱造”形式。     

Evaluation of fluorescent dyes for epoxy impregnation of porous ceramics

Eight different commercially available fluorescent dyes (fluorochromes) were tested for suitability for use in low-viscosity epoxy resin. Dyes were compared based on solubility in different solvents and epoxy resin and a numerical criterion for each dye's fluorochromicity. The two best dyes, based upon the brightness of each dye after illumination by a UV source, were Hostasol Red GG and Hostasol Yellow 3G. These two dyes in epoxy resin were used to visualize impregnation and remnant porosity in porous superconductor ceramic pellets. The impregnant was either cured epoxy or a low melting point alloy.     

The apparent digestibility of alkali-treated willow (Salix aquatica var. gigantia) when fed to sheep

Dried, ground willow (Salix aquatica) treated with 33 g sodium hydroxide kg^?1 (7.5M solution) was fed to sheep in pelleted diets containing 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 g treated willow kg^?1. Apparent digestibility coefficients of dietary dry matter, organic matter and energy declined linearly with increasing content of treated willow. Extrapolation of these relationships gave estimated apparent digestibility values for treated willow of 0.42 and 0.40 for dry matter (DM) and gross energy respectively. The apparent digestibility of acid-detergent fibre was shown to be 0.36. The metabolisable energy content of the treated willow was calculated to be 5.7 MJ kg^?1 DM. The high copper content (579 mg kg^?1) of the treated willow did not appear to have any deleterious effects on the animals during this short-term experiment as shown by the normal liver copper concentrations in the sheep at the end of the experiment.     

Bricks made of coal fly-ash and slag, cured in the open air

Volume mass, compressive strength, water uptake and water absorption of pressed test samples made of a mixture of coal fly-ash, slag and sodium silicate solution (water-glass) were determined. It was found that such mixtures can solidify in the open air and form water-stable materials. The composition and structure of new formations for the binder and cured material itself were established using X-ray diffraction and a scanning electron microscope. The material has a high water uptake, which may be reduced using a number of different methods, the best of which is short-term impregnation with a hydrophobic material of the siloxane group. The water uptake and water absorption of compressed samples impregnated with such materials are similar to those of comparable building materials, such as lime-sand bricks, clay bricks or concrete blocks.     

石头的史书与木材的诗篇——中西传统建筑材料溯源

中西古代建筑用材有木、石之别,对于如此迥异的用材现象,建筑史界有过种种推测,但大多停留在地理环境决定论上.本文把中西两个地域放在同一时间跨度——中古时期,来追溯产生差异的原由,揭示其文化根源与思想根源.     

Using the TPS method for determining the thermal properties of concrete and wood at elevated temperature

The transient plane source (TPS) method is shown to be very promising for determining thermal properties of materials at room temperature as well as temperatures up to 700°C. To investigate the applicability of the method it has been used in the study for determining thermal properties of wood (spruce) and concrete. Conductivity (λ) and diffusivity (α) were determined simultaneously. The thermal properties thus obtained have been compared with some values found in literature. The paper also presents results where calculations using properties obtained with the TPS method are compared with fire test measurements. The results are very encouraging. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

木粉填充改性聚丙烯复合材料的研究

本实验利用木粉对聚丙烯(PP)进行改性研究，结果表明，加入木粉后，复合材料的弯曲强度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、硬度和维卡软化温度均有所提高，加工流动性能和冲击强度有所下降。     

Nonfloral sources of chemicals that attract male euglossine bees (Apidae: Euglossini)

We present chemical analysis of four rotten or fungus-infected logs that attracted fragrance-collecting male euglossine bees. Eight of the 10 volatile compounds detected have never been found in the fragrances of orchids pollinated by male euglossine bees. Nonfloral sources of chemicals such as rotting wood may constitute an important fragrance resource for male bees. Since rotten logs produce large quantities of chemicals over long periods of time, such nonfloral sources might be more important than flowers as a source of certain fragrances for some euglossine bee species. Fragrance collecting in euglossine bees might have evolved originally in relation with rotting wood rather than flowers.     

木材／二氧化硅原位复合材料的界面研究

通过引入偶联剂对木材／二氧化硅原位复合材料及其界面的状态的生成和界面状态影响的研究。探讨了木材与二氧化硅无机相间的化学键性能及其对复合尺寸稳定性的改善效果。     

真空浸渍设备自动控制系统

本文研究了以可编程序控制器为核心的真空浸渍设备自动控制系统，较为详细地分析了电力电容器真空浸渍工艺过程的综合特性，设计成功了一种与可编程序控制器配套使用的输入、输出数字信号接口电路及信号切换电路，并完成了具有特色的模块化软件设计工作。试验表明，本系统工作可靠，性能良好，操作方便，与传统的控制方法相比，具有很大的优越性。