α-FeO(OH)微球在光催化降解甲基橙中的应用

α-FeO(OH)在光催化降解偶氮染料方面已突显出其独特的优势。采用水热法制备α-FeO(OH)微球,并以此为催化剂,以甲基橙为目标降解物,考察α-FeO(OH)微球对甲基橙的吸附作用及α-FeO(OH)/H₂O₂/Vis体系对甲基橙的降解,探讨在α-FeO(OH)/H₂O₂/Vis体系中催化降解甲基橙的机理。采用XRD和SEM对催化剂进行表征,研究pH和H₂O₂浓度对催化性能的影响。结果表明,pH为6.5和H₂O₂浓度为1.2 mol·L^-1时,催化效果最佳,α-FeO(OH)微球和工业级α-FeO(OH)对甲基橙降解率分别为94.3%和28.6%,制备的α-FeO(OH)微球的催化效果明显优于工业级α-FeO(OH),α-FeO(OH)的性质与其结构和形貌关系较大。     

Precipitation of a-Fe from Fe84-xSi4B12+x (x=1,3) Amorphous Alloys Under High Magnetic Field Annealing

This work aims to investigate the effects of high magnetic field annealing (HMFA) on the precipitation of α-Fe from Fe84-xSi4B12+x (x =1,3) amorphous precursors.Isothermal annealing process for Fe81Si4B15 and Fe83Si4B13 amorphous ribbons has been performed with and without the magnetic field.The magnetic field shows the effects of increasing the nucleation rate and decreasing the grain size of α-Fe crystals simultaneously,during the crystallization processes of the investigated amorphous alloys.By applying HMF,α-Fe crystals with more homogeneous distribution and smaller grain size are achieved in the amorphous matrix,which is crucial helpful to improve the magnetic properties for Fe-Si-B amorphous alloys.The mechanism of HMFA affecting the crystallization microstructure is also discussed in the present work.     

Mycobacterium tuberculosis RpfE-Induced Prostaglandin E2 in Dendritic Cells Induces Th1/Th17 Cell Differentiation

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an important biological mediator involved in the defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Currently, there are no reports on the mycobacterial components that regulate PGE2 production. Previously, we have reported that RpfE-treated dendritic cells (DCs) effectively expanded the Th1 and Th17 cell responses simultaneously; however, the mechanism underlying Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation is unclear. Here, we show that PGE2 produced by RpfE-activated DCs via the MAPK and cyclooxygenase 2 signaling pathways induces Th1 and Th17 cell responses mainly via the EP4 receptor. Furthermore, mice administered intranasally with PGE2 displayed RpfE-induced antigen-specific Th1 and Th17 responses with a significant reduction in bacterial load in the lungs. Furthermore, the addition of optimal PGE2 amount to IL-2-IL-6-IL-23p19-IL-1β was essential for promoting differentiation into Th1/Th17 cells with strong bactericidal activity. These results suggest that RpfE-matured DCs produce PGE2 that induces Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation with potent anti-mycobacterial activity.     

Sorption and transport of acetaminophen, 17alpha-ethynyl estradiol, nalidixic acid with low organic content aquifer sand

The sorption and transport of three pharmaceutical compounds (acetaminophen, an analgesic; nalidixic acid, an antibiotic; and 17α-ethynyl estradiol, a synthetic hormone) were examined by batch sorption experiments and solute displacement in columns of silica, alumina, and low organic carbon aquifer sand at neutral pH. Silica and alumina were used to represent negatively-charged and positively-charged fractions of subsurface media. Column transport experiments were also conducted at pH values of 4.3, 6.2, and 8.2 for the ionizable nalidixic acid. The computer program UFBTC was used to fit the breakthrough data under equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions with linear/nonlinear sorption. Good agreement was observed between the retardation factors derived from column model studies and estimated from equilibrium batch sorption studies. The sorption and transport of nalidixic acid was observed to be highly pH dependent, especially when the pH was near the pK_a of nalidixic acid (5.95). Thus, near a compound's pK_a it is especially important that the batch studies be performed at the same pH as the column experiment. While for ionic pharmaceuticals, ion exchange to oppositely-charged surfaces, appears to be the dominant adsorption mechanism, for neutral pharmaceuticals (i.e., acetaminophen, 17α-ethynyl estradiol) the sorption correlated well with the K_ow of the pharmaceuticals, suggesting hydrophobically motivated sorption as the dominant mechanism.     

维持性血液透析患者微炎症与脂蛋白（α）及动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的探讨尿毒症维持性血液透析（maintained hemodialysis,MHD）患者微炎症状态与脂质代谢紊乱以及动脉粥样硬化之间的相互关系。方法 68例MHD（MHD组）患者根据血清超敏C反应蛋白（high sensitivity c-re-active protein,hs-CRP）水平分为2组：hs-CRP增高组49例和hs-CRP正常组19例。根据颈动脉彩色多谱勒超声提示双侧颈动脉有无粥样斑块分为2组：合并颈动脉斑块组33例和未合并颈动脉斑块组35例。另选取30例健康体检者作为正常对照组。检测各组血清hs-CRP及脂蛋白（α）[lipoprotein（α）,LP（α）]水平。结果 MHD组患者血清hs-CRP（5.23±3.07）mg.L-1水平较正常对照组（2.19±0.98）mg.L-1增高（P〈0.05）。MHD组患者血清LP（α）（293.40±192.58）mg.L-1水平较正常对照组（182.48±52.72）mg.L-1增高（P〈0.05）,hs-CRP增高组患者血清LP（α）（341.22±212.18）mg.L-1水平较hs-CRP正常组（236.45±128.20）mg.L-1增高（P〈0.05）。合并颈动脉斑块组患者血清hs-CRP、LP（α）分别为（6.98±3.22）mg.L-1、（363.07±208.77）mg.L-1,较未合并颈动脉斑块组（4.02±2.43）mg.L-1（、231.26±103.15）mg.L-1增高（P〈0.05）。相关性分析结果显示,MHD组患者血清hs-CRP水平与LP（α）水平呈正相关（r=0.51,P〈0.05）。结论 MHD患者普遍存在微炎症状态及Lp（α）代谢紊乱,且二者密切相关。同时,增高的hs-CRP及LP（α）与颈动脉粥样斑块的形成可能相关。     

金属试剂参与的α,β-不饱和羰基化合物的不对称共轭加成反应研究进展

α,β-不饱和化合物尤其是羰基化合物的不对称共轭加成反应在有机合成中是一类非常重要的反应。文章综述了格氏试剂、锌试剂以及芳基金属试剂和α,β-不饱和羰基化合物在铜或镍的催化作用下的不对称共轭加成反应。结果表明,金属试剂参与的该类反应,大都能够得到比较好的收率和选择性。同时,配体的研究开发对于该类反应的结果有着较大程度的影响。     

α-蒎烯催化加氢催化剂制备及催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Al_2O_3、ZrO_2和ZrO_2/Al_2O_3载体,采用浸渍法制备了NiO/Al_2O_3、NiO/ZrO_2和NiO/ZrO_2/Al_2O_3催化剂,采用H_2-TPR、NH_3-TPD和原位红外等技术对催化剂的还原性能、表面酸特性、α-蒎烯的吸附性及比表面积等进行了表征。结果表明,负载型ZrO_2/Al_2O_3复合载体与活性物种形成较强的相互作用,稳定活性中心,复合载体Ni催化剂表面酸强度介于Ni/ZrO_2和Ni/Al_2O_3之间,α-蒎烯能与Ni/ZrO_2/Al_2O_3催化剂形成适宜化学吸附态。在α-蒎烯加氢反应中,Ni/ZrO_2/Al_2O_3催化剂表现出较好的催化活性和选择性,α-蒎烯转化率为84%,蒎烷选择性为83%。     

辅酶NADH模型物还原α,β-环氧酮为β-羟基酮反应活性的研究

在光照条件下,辅酶NADH模型物可以直接还原α,β-环氧酮为β-羟基酮,并且活性强弱顺序为：AcrH2〉BNAH〉HEH。     

α羟基环十五酮及3-羟基,甲基环十五酮合成麝香酮的方法

麝香酮是一种名贵的香料,用途广泛但来源稀缺。近半个世纪以来麝香酮的化学合成方法日渐丰富,但实现工业化的很少。从α羟基环十五酮和3-羟基,甲基环十五酮的属性研究中,总结出插入甲基法合成麝香酮的优越性。     

7-羟基-4′-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷基)葛根素的合成

先将葡萄糖经酰化和溴化反应制备α-溴代四乙酰葡萄糖;再与葛根素在丙酮溶液中碳酸钾作用下醚化得到7-羟基-4-′(2,3,4,6-四乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷基)葛根素,收率61.4%(以葛根素计);最后,将其进一步在甲醇溶液中与碳酸钠作用得到目标产物7-羟基-4-′(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷基)葛根素,收率90.5%。中间体和产物结构经1HNMR、MS确证。7-羟基-4-′(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷基)葛根素的水溶性与葛根素相比,提高了14.2倍。