Drying Urban lakes: A consequence of climate change,urbanization or other anthropogenic causes? An insight from northern India

Urban lakes in many places around the world are rapidly becoming vulnerable because of such factors as urbanization, climate change, anthropogenic pollutant inputs, etc. The influence of such forcing factors on lakes hydrology must be correctly recognized and addressed in order to protect them over the long term. Facing similar challenges, Sukhna Lake, an urban lake in northern India, has apparently dried up frequently in the recent past. Numerous hypotheses were subsequently proposed to isolate the possible factors affecting the lake and its water budget, including the potential impacts of land use changes, climate change, anthropogenic activities and other natural processes. Using meteorological data, lake‐catchment information and a hydrologic model, these hypotheses were comprehensively analysed. Relevant data on rainfall, wind, temperature, lake inflows, groundwater, lake physical characteristics, catchment land uses, soil texture, etc., were gathered for the analysis. A temporal trend analysis of factors relevant to these hypotheses was undertaken to identify critical drivers of hydrological changes. A sensitivity analysis also was performed, using the lake water budget, to determine and prioritize the predominant factors affecting the lake, leading to the creation of an annual lake water budget for the period from 1971 to 2013, highlighting the lake inflows and outflows. The lake annual inflow (catchment run‐off) was computed by adopting a rainfall–run‐off model based on the SCS‐curve number. Lacking any anthropogenic water withdrawals, the outflow was quantified by estimating the evaporation loss (using the FAO‐based Penman–Monteith Equation). The results of the present study  indicate that the process of siltation and the construction of check dams in the catchment, rather than urbanization and climate change, were the dominating reasons contributing to changes in the lake hydrology, and affecting the lake most in recent years.     

察尔汗盐湖卤水除钙提纯试验研究

对察尔汗盐湖卤水进行脱色除钙提纯试验。条件试验表明,在碳酸氢钠用量为10 m L、反应温度为80℃和反应时间为30 min的条件下,经过脱色预处理后的卤水除钙效果最好,除钙率为95.8%,镁离子回收率为84.2%。XRD分析表明,向脱色除钙后的盐湖卤水中加入氟化铵,所得氟化镁纯度为99.3%,产品符合行业标准GB/T 31860-2015要求。     

关于太湖污染底泥生态疏浚工程的探讨

目前太湖面临着严峻的富营养化问题，太湖污染底泥生态疏浚工程已经开始启动，但是关于太湖清淤的问题，专家们仍存在不同的见解。针对目前存在的几种观点，认为首先要对太湖疏浚进行前期研究，然后开展太湖示范工程，对污染底泥的空间分布规律、水质影响程度和机制、疏浚和处置技术、环境和生态效应等关系的科学问题进行系统深入的研究，从而为污染底泥的疏浚和处置技术提供理论和实践依据。     

某花园人工湖水处理工程技术应用分析

本文介绍了几种目前比较先进的人工湖水处理技术,并结合某花园人工湖水处理工程,分析如何在实际工程中综合运用水处理技术的一些问题。     

地方传统建筑艺术的传承与发展——泉州市西湖公园北大门设计构思

本文通过对泉州西湖公园北大门设计的介绍与分析,就现代城市景观建筑,在尊重环境,继承发展地域传统文化艺术方面,以及景观、建筑、环境、艺术的结合方面,所做出的新颖独特的创造性设计,进行了细致的描述和介绍。     

桃花溪流域彩云湖水环境保护工程的设计

彩云湖是以防洪和生态用水功能为主的小(Ⅰ)型水库,也是易受周边环境因素影响、环境容量较小的城市湖泊.对彩云湖采取了生态与工程相结合的综合水环境保护措施,具体包括周边降雨地表径流的截流处理、湖水人工循环、底水置换、人工复氧、湖岸消落带整治和水质生态保护等.通过上述措施的实施,在保证水库水量的前提下减少了入湖污染物、增加了湖水流动性、缩短了换水周期.目前,湖水水质良好.     

硫酸盐对混凝土腐蚀研究

对普通混凝土和高强混凝土在5.0%Na2SO4(质量分数,下同)、10%MgSO4溶液以及青海盐湖卤水溶液中的损伤失效规律、特点进行研究。结果表明:混凝土在Na2SO4溶液中浸烘循环腐蚀破坏,SO42-导致混凝土产生膨胀性破坏;其损伤劣化包括3个阶段:初始劣化段、性能改善段和性能劣化段。混凝土在MgSO4溶液、青海盐湖卤水中浸烘循环腐蚀损伤,腐蚀溶液中的SO42-和Mg2+共同作用导致混凝土产生剥落型破坏;其相对动弹性模量和重量随腐蚀时间先下降,后稳定,最后加速下降。此外,用SEM、能谱和XRD分析了混凝土在硫酸盐腐蚀作用下的腐蚀产物。     

浅谈察尔汗盐湖地区地基处理及基础选型

针对盐湖地区地基的工程特点,指出了当前盐湖地区地基处理及基础选型中的一些常见方法和相关问题,并进行了归纳总结,同时给出相应的处理建议,以保证盐湖上修建的结构物稳定安全。