应变速率对天津海积软土力学性能的影响

采用WF应力路径三轴仪,对天津滨海海积软土进行了不同围压、不同应变速率的三轴固结不排水剪切试验（CU）,分析了不同应变速率对海积软土试样的应力一应变关系、有效应力及试样破坏形态的影响．结果表明：CU试验应力一应变关系呈硬化特征,剪应力峰值随着应变速率的增大而增大,而孔压变化值则随着应变速率的增大而逐渐减小;不同应变速率的有效应力路径在相同固结压力下基本一致,因而正常固结黏土的有效应力路径具有唯一性;同时,应变速率对总应力强度有所影响,总应力的内摩擦角随着应变速率的增大而增大．     

武汉原状粉质黏土与其重塑土的试验对比研究（I）：试验结果描述

以武汉沙湖粉质黏土为研究对象,首先借助于高压固结仪,对重塑土和原状土进行了室内侧限的固结试验;其次利用改进的应力控制式常规三轴仪,在不同的加荷路径和排水条件下,对重塑土和原状土分别进行了常规三轴试验研究,并对试验资料进行了较为系统的分析．结果表明：1）原状土的侧压力系数约为0．56,超固结比约等于1．2,为弱超固结土体,其结构屈服压力稍大于其前期固结压力;2）原状土初始的切线模量及其抗剪强度均高于重塑土相应的值;3）在固结排水条件下的三轴剪切试验,原状土的剪胀量要小于重塑土的剪胀量,但在固结不排水条件下,原状土体的剪胀趋势却明显要高于重塑土的剪胀趋势．     

刚性基础下水泥土桩复合地基固结分析

为了掌握刚性基础下水泥土桩复合地基的固结性状，建立了复合地基的固结解析式.根据固结过程中孔隙水排出量等于单元体体积减小量的关系和平均超孔隙水压力的概念，推得水泥土桩复合地基的固结方程.通过等应变假设和初始边界条件，由分离变量法针对该固结方程进行了求解，得到了桩体和桩间土的平均超孔隙水压力、平均固结度、复合地基整体固结度和固结沉降.研究结果表明，该解析式所得的计算结果与有限元分析结果相吻合，且水泥搅拌桩复合地基固结速率大于天然地基固结速率，并与现场观测的水泥土桩复合地基固结度变化趋势一致.     

饱和吹填软土地基的加固效果分析

首先对强夯法在处理饱和吹填软土地基时所遇到的问题进行了总结，然后介绍了一种能有效解决这些问题的地基处理方法一真空动力固结法。结合某工程饱和吹填软土地基所采取的真空动力固结试验，从地面变形规律、承载力、有效加固深度、振动效应等方面评价了真空动力固结方法处理饱和吹填软土地基的效果，得到了一些有价值的结论，可供类似工程应用时参考。     

碎石桩在强夯处理高饱和细粒土地基中的聚能和隔振作用

强夯法一般不适用于处理高饱和细粒土地基。但是,如果在该类地基中预先设置碎石桩,则能获得较好的处理效果。这是因为桩的聚能作用,减小了夯击能的传播损失,提高了每个夯坑的地基加固效果;桩的隔振作用,降低了夯击能对表层地基土的破坏、松动程度;桩的压重作用,减小了夯坑周围土体的隆起。碎石桩还有很好的挤土、置换等作用,从而提高了强夯法在该类地基处理中的适用性。     

Industrial Flow Designing of Dried Mud Drainage for Flush Fluid in Pingguo Aluminum

Because there are plenty of clay particles in the flush fluid of Pingguo Aluminum Mine, the consolidation technology in geotechnical engineering was adopted to carry out the disassociation of water and soil disassociation. In this method, vacuum method, electro-osmosis and chemical flocculation were used comprehensively to separate soil from flush fluid. The experiments of the method of “vacuum ＋ electro-osmosis” for drainage was made. After pretreating the flush fluid, suction pressure was offered by the sand well in the bottom and electro-osmosis was used to drain off water. The results of the experiment show that the good effect can be obtained in drainage when the electric gradient is greater than 8.3 V/cm and the quantity of sand well is more than 6. In industrial production, it is necessary to increase the quantity of sand well, to arrange the electrodes rationally and to set up an intermittent electric circuit. On the basis of the experiments, the industrial feasible flow was put forward. It may be a helpful attempt to apply consolidation technology to the fields of the environmental protection and so on.     

Analytical and Numerical Modeling of Soft Soil Stabilized by Prefabricated Vertical Drains Incorporating Vacuum Preloading

This paper describes the analytical formulation of a modified consolidation theory incorporating vacuum pressure, and numerical modeling of soft clay stabilized by prefabricated vertical drains, with a linearly distributed (trapezoidal) vacuum pressure for both axisymmetric and plane strain conditions. The effects of the magnitude and distribution of vacuum pressure on soft clay consolidation are examined through average time-dependent excess pore pressure and consolidation settlement analyses. The plane strain analysis was executed by transforming the actual vertical drains into a system of equivalent parallel drain walls by adjusting the coefficient of permeability of the soil and the applied vacuum pressure. The converted parameters are incorporated in the finite element code ABAQUS, employing the modified Cam-clay theory. Numerical analysis is conducted to study the performance of a full-scale test embankment constructed on soft Bangkok clay. The performance of this selected embankment is predicted on the basis of four different vacuum pressure distributions. The predictions are compared with the available field data. The assumption of distributing the vacuum pressure as a constant over the soil surface and varying it linearly along the drains seems justified in relation to the field data.     

Estimation of Degree of Consolidation for Vacuum Preloading Projects

The degree of consolidation is usually used as one of the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of soil improvement work using the fill surcharge or vacuum preloading method. It is also often used as a design specification in a soil improvement contract. Degree of consolidation is normally calculated using settlement data. However, as the effect of vacuum preloading is controlled largely by pore water pressure changes, it is necessary to analyze the pore water pressure variations and to assess the degree of consolidation using pore water pressures. In this paper, the problems involved in the estimation of degree of consolidation using settlement data are discussed. A method to estimate the average degree of consolidation using pore water pressure data is suggested. Two case studies are presented to examine the characteristics of the pore water pressure variation of soil under vacuum loading. The degree of consolidation achieved in each of the two cases is assessed using pore water pressure data and compared with that estimated using settlement data. Factors affecting the degree of consolidation assessment are discussed.     

Impairment in long-term retention but not short-term performance on a water maze reversal task following hippocampal or mediodorsal striatal n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor blockade.

Male Long-Evans rats were injected with 32 ng/μl of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl) propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP) or vehicle and trained to locate a hidden platform in a different location (reversal training) than used on the initial 4 days of training. Rats treated with vehicle or CPP into the dorsal hippocampus, basolateral amygdala, or mediodorsal striatum had similar latencies to locate the platform on the reversal day. Rats infused with CPP into the dorsal hippocampus or mediodorsal striatum failed to search preferentially in the novel location during a 24-hr, drug-free retention test, whereas all other groups searched preferentially in this location. Therefore, blocking dorsal hippocampal or mediodorsal striatal NMDA receptors selectively blocked long-term spatial retention without producing short-term performance deficits. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)