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881.
研究了不同含量的碳纳米管及0.8%稀土Y对高Ni含量Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织性能的影响.将不同成分的试样分别于1400℃、1410 ℃、1420℃真空烧结,测试抗弯强度、洛氏硬度,观察背散射电子形貌、断口形貌并做能谱分析.结果表明,加入质量分数(下同)为0.8%Y及0.3%~1.0%的碳纳米管时,碳纳米管含量为0.5%的组织较均匀,芯壳结构明显,抗弯强度及硬度均较高. 相似文献
882.
The oxidation behavior of Ni—20Cr foils of 100- and 200-m thickness wasstudied in air between 500 and 900°C. Simultaneously, the morphology,microstructure, and composition of the oxide layers were determined byscanning and transmission electron microscopies. Depending on thetemperature, the oxide layer differed significantly. The scale formedat all temperatures was complex, with an outer NiO layer having columnargrains, and an inner layer of equiaxedNiCr2O4+NiO+Cr2O3 grains. At low temperatures (500 and 600°C),the chromium content was insufficient to form a continuousCr2O3 layer, while such a continuous layer formed at theinner interface at oxidation temperatures of 700 to 900°C. At 600°C,internal oxidation of chromium occurred in the substrate. The oxidationmechanism is described taking into account these morphologies and theoxidation kinetics. The observation of no significant differences betweenthe oxidation behavior of thin strips and thick materials is related to thelimited exposure times of the study. 相似文献
883.
Importance of initial surface film in the degradation of stainless steels by atmospheric exposure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The surface compositions of stainless steels types 304, 316, 430, and 444 combined with four types of surface finishes, 2B finish, hairline polishing, mirror polishing, and bright annealing, were measured by ICP-AES, EPMA, and XPS before exposure. The surface finish that most enriched the chromic species in the surface film was mirror polishing, followed by bright annealing, 2B finish, and hairline polishing. The order of corrosion-resistance was type 444, type 316, type 304, and type 430. The surface compositions were correlated with the rating number and pitting depth after exposure to atmospheric environments. The rating number had a high positive correlation with the concentration of Cr in the surface film, and had a slight correlation with the near-surface composition measured by EPMA at 12 kV, but did not show any correlation with bulk composition within the composition range covered in the present work. This same trend was observed for pitting depth. It was concluded that the cationic concentration of Cr in the surface film before atmospheric exposure is the prime factor in controlling the resistance of stainless steels to atmospheric corrosion. 相似文献
884.
The strategy to perform nanoscale studies of the initial stages of oxidation of TiAl involved first gaining some information on the electronic structure of pure TiO2 surfaces and then on TiAl surfaces before and after oxidation both in low- and high-oxygen potentials. Both materials were studied in atomically-cleaned states generated by repeated sputtering and heating. It was found that the oxygen vacancies created additional defect states in the band gap of stoichiometric TiO2. The results obtained on TiO2 were used as fingerprints to study the oxide nucleation. The results on the initial stages of oxidation of TiAl confirm the nucleation of Ti2O3 islands of nanometer size and monolayer height in a low-oxygen-pressure environment, whilst a TiO2 layer developed in an atmospheric environment. The ledges on atomically-cleaned surfaces usually acted as nucleation sites. 相似文献
885.
The early stage oxidation and evaporation of Mg-9%Al-1%Zn alloy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
F. Czerwinski 《Corrosion Science》2004,46(2):377-386
Thermogravimetric technique was used to determine the oxidation and evaporation behaviour of AZ91D magnesium alloys with 5 and 10 ppm of beryllium at temperatures between 200 and 500 °C. Depending on temperature and time, the alloy experienced protective or non-protective oxidation with linear or accelerated oxide growth kinetics. During reaction in an oxidizing atmosphere, the additions of beryllium delayed the transient from the protective to non-protective scale formation. In an inert atmosphere, increased beryllium contents reduced the magnesium evaporation rate. 相似文献
886.
关于对称矩阵的美韵,笔者已经撰文做过研究,而反对称矩阵的美韵并不亚于对称矩阵。本文对反对称矩阵之美亦从“内”与“外”进行分析和探索。 相似文献
887.
888.
889.
Influence of expandable graphite on fire resistance and water resistance of flame-retardant coatings 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Expandable graphite (EG) coating and ammonium polyphosphate-pentaerythritol-melamine (APP-PER-MEL) coating were prepared. Thermal degradation and char formation of the coatings were investigated by differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetry (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results have shown that the anti-oxidation and fire-resistant properties of expandable graphite coating containing EG with size of 74 μm are better than those of APP-PER-MEL coating. The static immersion test was applied to study water resistance of the coatings, and the fire protection test and mechanical test were used to analyse heat insulation and mechanical properties of coatings before and after water immersion. The fire-resistant and mechanical properties of APP-PER-MEL coating were severely damaged by water immersion, whereas EG coating containing 8.5% EG with size of 74 μm could retain the good fire resistance even after 500 h water immersion. 相似文献
890.
乐光学 《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2003,(11):18-21
研究了企业产品制造的调度问题 ,并建立了调度的最小模型。引入效率函数 ,运用遗传退火进化算法实现了调度决策的优化 ;提出了将遗传退火算法和分派规则相结合的调度策略和动态编码的方法 ,放宽了约束条件 ,提高了搜索效率和速度 ,保证其全局收敛性。 相似文献