Synthesis of monohydroxylated inositolphosphorylceramide (IPC-C) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires Scs7p,a protein with both a cytochrome b5-like domain and a hydroxylase/desaturase domain

Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants lacking Scs7p fail to accumulate the inositolphosphorylceramide (IPC) species, IPC-C, which is the predominant form found in wild-type cells. Instead scs7 mutants accumulate an IPC-B species believed to be unhydroxylated on the amide-linked C₂₆-fatty acid. Elimination of the SCS7 gene suppresses the Ca²⁺-sensitive phenotype of csg1 and csg2 mutants. The CSG1 and CSG2 genes are required for mannosylation of IPC-C and accumulation of IPC-C by the csg mutants renders them Ca²⁺-sensitive. The SCS7 gene encodes a protein that contains both a cytochrome b₅-like domain and a domain that resembles the family of cytochrome b₅-dependent enzymes that use iron and oxygen to catalyse desaturation or hydroxylation of fatty acids and sterols. Scs7p is therefore likely to be the enzyme that hydroxylates the C₂₆-fatty acid of IPC-C. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于新型本构模型的胶凝砂砾石坝抗震工作性态研究

鉴于目前胶凝砂砾石料的动力特性研究较少,关于胶凝砂砾石坝动力工作性态的认识尚不能满足设计、施工及运行管理的需求,基于试验研究提出的新型胶凝砂砾石料动力本构关系,分析了该坝型的抗震工作性态,研究了坝坡及胶凝剂含量对大坝动力响应的影响。计算结果符合实际工程的一般规律,可为该坝型的工程实践提供参考依据。     

胶凝砂砾石坝模型试验突变理论破坏判据

地质力学模型试验是研究胶凝砂砾石坝(cemented sand-gravel dam,CSG坝)安全稳定性的一种研究方法,但在试验中,模型的变位位移比较微小、倾覆趋势不易捕捉,并不能精确地判断出试验中模型受压破坏的区间及其超载安全系数(模型破坏时的极限安全系数)。针对这一问题,本文通过开展CSG坝复杂地基条件下地质力学模型试验,得到了坝基内部应变、坝体下游面位移及坝体表面应变等数据,判断出模型的超载安全系数Kp在4.6～6.2区间内;为得到模型精确的超载安全系数,首先运用突变理论对模型试验数据进行四次多项式拟合,后将结果代入模型失稳判别式,得到了模型的超载安全系数K_p的精确区间为6.0～6.2。本文解决了困扰CSG坝地质力学模型试验中超载安全系数精确性的问题,对CSG坝后续的推广、发展和应用起到了积极的作用。     

Performance of scanline algorithms for direct display of CSG

Direct display algorithms display a CSG model without first converting the model into a boundary representation. Three such algorithms are described. All three are based on the scanline display algorithm, and are able to handle both polygonal and quadratic faces.The first algorithm is based on Atherton's recursive subdivision scanline algorithm, the second is a combination of a scanline and a ray casting algorithm, and the third is a scanline version of the Trickle algorithm. A multiprocessor system in which these algorithms can be incorporated is also described.The performances of the algorithms are compared. It turns out that the algorithms efficiently display CSG models on general-purpose architectures. A comparison is also made between the performances for polygon-approximated models and exact models for objects bounded by quadratic faces, such as spherical, cylindrical and conical faces, to get an indication of how many polygons can at most be used to approximate quadratic faces and still have better performance.     

基于集合运算的特征表示向边界表示转换新方法

特征建模已成为CAD技术的发展趋势。目前,在CAD系统中,一般采用特征表示和边界表示的混合表示方法,以充分利用两种表示法的优点。但由此而引出在特征编辑、修改时的表示转换。本文回顾了几种表示转换方法,在集合运算的基础上,提出了一种适合于特征编辑修改的形体快速重构方法,从而可快速地实现特征表示向边界表示的转换。     

层面处理方式对胶结砂砾石抗剪强度的影响

为分析不同层面处理方式对胶结砂砾石抗剪强度的影响,开展了不同层面处理方式的胶结砂砾石坝层面抗剪强度试验。根据凝结时间建立回归模型,并在此基础上测试胶结砂砾石在四种层面处理方式和不同间歇时间下的c′、f′等抗剪断特性参数。结果表明,胶结砂砾石层面抗剪强度与层面处理方式和层间间歇时间均有关系,不同间歇时间应采用不同的层面处理方式。     

Dual Marching Cubes: Primal Contouring of Dual Grids

We present a method for contouring an implicit function using a grid topologically dual to structured grids such as octrees. By aligning the vertices of the dual grid with the features of the implicit function, we are able to reproduce thin features of the extracted surface without excessive subdivision required by methods such as Marching Cubes or Dual Contouring. Dual Marching Cubes produces a crack‐free, adaptive polygonalization of the surface that reproduces sharp features. Our approach maintains the advantage of using structured grids for operations such as CSG while being able to conform to the relevant features of the implicit function yielding much sparser polygonalizations than has been possible using structured grids.     

Research review of the cement sand and gravel (CSG) dam

The cement sand and gravel (CSG) dam is a new style of dam that owes the advantages both of the concrete faced rock-fill dam (CRFD) and roller compacted concrete (RCC) gravity dam, because of which it has attracted much attention of experts home and abroad. At present, some researches on physic-mechanical property of CSG material and work behavior of CSG dam have been done. This paper introduces the development and characteristics of CSG dam systematically, and summarizes the progress of the study on basic tests, constitutive relation of CSG material and numerical analysis of CSG dam, in addition, indicates research and application aspect of the dam.     

南方电网高压直流输电系统调度运行操作分析

南方电网于2008年已经形成“八交四直”的主干网架,是一个典型的交直流并联电力系统。分析了南方电网在正常方式下、事故条件下和特殊情况下高压直流输电系统的运行操作。在正常方式下,直流系统功率调整越须考虑如下几个方面：交流断面限制要求;与交直流功率优化分配有关的安全和经济优化因素;接地极不平衡电流对中性点直接接地主变压器的影响;直流系统的电流限制和降压限制;直流系统的解闭锁操作。特殊情况是指纯直流方式和直流孤岛方式。在直流孤岛方式下系统调控过程中要考虑直流系统运行工况、发生次同步振荡的可能性和直流稳定控制功能的投退等因素;此外,还要应遵从一定的调控要点。