When it comes to pay, do the thin win? The effect of weight on pay for men and women.

Cultivation theory suggests that society holds very different body standards for men versus women, and research indicates that the consequences of defying these social norms may not be linear. To test these notions in the employment context, we examined the relationship between weight and income and the degree to which the relationship varies by gender. For women, we theorized a negative weight–income relationship that is steepest at the thin end of the distribution. For men, we predicted a positive weight–income relationship until obesity, where it becomes negative. To test these hypotheses, we utilized 2 longitudinal studies, 1 German and 1 American. In Study 1, weight was measured over 2 time periods, and earnings were averaged over the subsequent 5 years. Study 2 was a multilevel study in which weight and earnings were within-individual variables observed over time, and gender was a between-individual variable. Results from the 2 studies generally support the hypotheses, even when examining within-individual changes in weight over time. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Consideration of the BDNF gene in relation to two phenotypes: Hoarding and obesity.

The gene coding for the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as an interesting candidate for multiple brain and brain disorder-related phenomena. The primary aim of the present investigation was to consider the relationship between the BDNF Val66Met variant and two phenotypes: compulsive hoarding as a symptom dimension of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), and body mass index (BMI). We examined the BDNF gene in a large (N = 301) clinical sample of probands with OCD. Participants were classified as hoarding or nonhoarding using a strict, multimeasure grouping approach. Results revealed that the Val/Val genotype was linked with hoarding classification and more severe hoarding behaviors, as well as greater BMI levels. Hoarding status was also associated with greater BMI scores, with individuals in the hoarding group being far more likely to be classified as obese compared with the nonhoarding group. Our findings may provide a distinct avenue through which hoarding and BMI could be linked. These findings are suggestive of a complex gene, body weight, and psychopathology relationship wherein a primitive, survival “thrifty gene” strategy may be conserved and represented in a subgroup of humans manifesting severe hoarding symptoms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

On the inclusion of externally controlled actions in action planning.

According to ideomotor theories, perceiving action effects produced by others triggers corresponding action representations in the observer. We tested whether this principle extends to actions performed by externally controlled limbs and tools. Participants performed a go–no-go version of a spatial compatibility task in which their own actions resulted in the movement of a limb or tool, whereas a second, externally controlled limb or tool was seen performing a complementary go–no-go task. Spatial compatibility effects, indicating inclusion of the externally controlled effector in action planning, were observed when the externally controlled limb was identical to the controlled limb (Experiment 1) and when actions of limbs and tools (Experiment 2) or pairs of tools (Experiment 3 and 4) were combined according to participants' motor experience. When participants acted together, controlling a tool each, spatial compatibility effects occurred regardless of motor experience (Experiment 5). These findings demonstrate that (a) externally controlled tool actions are included in action planning and (b) social context modulates how externally controlled actions are mapped onto action representations. Implications of these findings for theories of perception–action links and object processing are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

用于数字图像直方图处理的一种二值映射规则

直方图表示数字图像中每一灰度级与其出现频数间的统计关系，它可给出图像的概貌性描述，而基于直方图修改技术的灰度变换是图像增强的实用而有效的处理方法之一。直方图处理包含均衡化和规定化两种技术。均衡化的目的是使图像像素均匀地分布在所有灰度级上；规定化的目的是将原图像的直方图转变为规定的直方图，以便突出一定灰度范围内的图像。为了进一步提高直方图处理算法的有效性，首先分析了现有的几种数字图像直方图均衡化和规定化算法存在的缺点，然后提出了一种新的二值映射规则(BML)，该规则基于最优控制原理，以直方图误差最小为准则进行灰度映射，实验证明．该规则算法简单，无论是用于直方图均衡化处理．还是用于直方图规定化处理，均较其他映射规则都更为有效。     

短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮技术的探讨

短程硝化反硝化技术是将硝化反应控制在亚硝酸盐阶段,不进行亚硝酸盐至硝酸盐的转化,直接进行反硝化反应。文章阐述了短程硝化反硝化的形成机理,理论研究进展,系统介绍了短程硝化反硝化影响因素与控制分析,并探讨了短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮技术需深入研究的要点     

大湖之都大型楼盘区墨溪湖引水活水工程设计

工程选择了赣抚平原灌溉总渠为墨溪湖活水水源,并采用浅水湖泊平面二维水动力模型和水质模型模拟计算了引水活化需水水量,根据输水水流流态形式选择了合适的输水管材。为节约用地和避免影响周围景观,中途提升泵房设计为全地下式泵房形式。通过介绍工程设计情况,总结了工程设计特点。     

建筑物自然接地体设计常见问题与防雷设计

针对国家标准、规范未对各种基础类型、基础接地体利用的钢筋作具体规定,以及建设工程中利用建筑物基础内钢筋做接地体进行设计等常见问题,按照国家有关规范、图集对基础接地体设计的有关要求、做法,对桩基础、独立基础、板式或箱形基础等常用基础类型、接地体防雷设计作了具体归纳总结,以期为设计人员提供参考。