6×××系汽车车身板铝合金的合金化及组织性能的研究

采用力学性能试验和光学金相分析法,研究了Mg和Mn等元素对6×××系汽车板铝合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明:Mg和Mn是提高6×××系汽车板铝合金时效初期硬化值的元素,但对时效初期硬化速度影响不大。提高Mg和Mn含量,合金经170℃30min时效后的强度增大,伸长率降低。合金固溶处理淬火后的晶粒尺寸和形态不随Mg含量而改变,但随Mn含量增加而显著细化。     

铝合金车身框架制造中的热加工新技术

在分析铝合金空间框架结构的发展背景和应用前景的基础上，论述了铝合金空间框架结构制造中的几种新技术：内高压成形技术、触变铸造技术及激光焊接技术。着重介绍了这些新技术的原理、工艺特点及其在汽车工业中的应用现状。     

Seasonal Effects of Hydropeaking on Growth,Energetics and Movement of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar)

The performance and movements of juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar exposed to variable water discharge (simulating hydropeaking) but with a stable water‐covered area were studied in six experimental stream channels, both during the winter and summer. Thirty fish were stocked into each channel, and the growth, body fat and movements of the fish were followed for about 2.5 months in each season. During the winter, no effect of hydropeaking was documented on performance or movement. In the summer, fish experiencing hydropeaking had lower body mass, lower body fat, and higher movement rates than the control fish. In general, effect sizes were small, and the rapid and frequent changes in water discharge and water level in the present study had small effects on the performance of juvenile Atlantic salmon. The cumulative long‐term effect at the population level is unknown, but a reduced growth rate of 10% and a reduction in body fat of 16% in the hydropeaking experiments in the summer might to some extent translate into increased smolt age and lower overwintering survival. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

边坡堆积体锚索钻孔工艺探讨

在堆积体及破碎的岩体边坡锚索施工中较容易出现卡钻、埋钻、洗孔困难等现象,而且施工安全、质量、进度、成本得不到很好的控制。采用跟管钻进工艺钻至一定深度后,换用φ138直钎继续钻进至终孔,并在钻进过程中进行必要的固壁灌浆,以利于非跟管段的孔壁稳定,避免卡钻、埋钻等现象的发生,有利于减少事故、提高功效;此方法可用于各种特殊地质情况,钻进方法更加稳妥,钻进速度更快,施工质量更好,投资更省。     

无线体域网高能效竞争接入机制研究

低能耗是无线体域网WBAN通信最重要的指标.构建了IEEE 802.15.6无线体域网CSMA/CA竞争接入的功耗模型,分析了用户优先级、MAC帧负荷尺寸和数据到达量对信道接入能耗的影响,提出了一种通过数据汇聚传输提高能量效率的增强型信道接入方法.仿真结果表明,在低业务量及混合业务场景下,所提方法能够显著减少信道接入的能量消耗.     

一种微电阻率成像测井仪数字相敏检波新算法

针对微电阻率成像测井仪井下稳定、高效及低功耗设计要求,提出了一种较新颖的数字相敏检波实现算法,主要包括数据的分相累加、公因式乘法、匹配加法以及反正切与平方根运算等.其中,分相累加算法在采集模块FPGA中完成,公因式乘法和匹配加法在处理模块FPGA中完成,反正切和平方根运算在处理模块DSP中完成.通过此种相敏检波算法实现方式,能有效降低系统功耗,并实现地层阻抗的准确测量.     

混合属性数据集的聚类边界检测技术

为了满足数据分析中获取含有混合属性的数据集聚类的边界需求, 提出一种混合属性数据集的聚类边界检测算法(BERGE). 该算法利用模糊聚类隶属度定义边界因子以识别候选边界集, 然后运用证据积累的思想提取聚类的边界. 在综合数据集和真实数据集上的实验结果表明, BERGE 算法能有效地检测混合属性数据集、数值属性数据集以及分类属性数据集的聚类边界, 与现有同类算法相比具有更高的精度.     

基于块稀疏贝叶斯学习的体域网心电压缩采样

为有效提高体域网的实时性和降低体域网的功耗,提出一种基于块稀疏贝叶斯学习的体域网心电压缩采样方法。该方法在体域网框架下,利用压缩采样理论,在体域网的传感节点利用二进制随机观测矩阵对心电信号进行压缩采样,远程监护中心获得采样值之后,利用块稀疏贝叶斯学习重构算法和离散余弦稀疏变换矩阵对心电信号进行重构。实验结果表明,当心电信号压缩率在70%~90%时,基于块稀疏贝叶斯学习的重构算法要比其他重构算法的重构信噪比高出3 dB~21 dB。该方法能有效减少数据采样,减轻后续的数据存储、数据传输压力,提高体域网的实时性。同时该方法具有功耗低,易于硬件实现的优点。     

基于Abaqus的高速列车车体传热系数仿真优化计算

以静止状态下某高速列车车体为研究对象,将其复杂的内外热交换系统简化为车体壁和冷桥两部分,运用Abaqus仿真计算得到整车传热系数;与相似设计的动车组车体实验结果对比可知仿真结果合理可靠.编写Python脚本实现在Abaqus后处理中显示车体壁传热系数K值云图的功能,以便于指导车体结构的优化设计;根据车体的原始设计并将选材成本考虑在内,提出的三种车体结构优化方案,使得整车传热系数降低10%.     

The inception cavitating flows over an axisymmetric body with a blunt head-form

The inception cavitating flows around a blunt body are studied based on flow visualizations and velocity field measurements. The main purpose of the present work is to study the incipient cavity evolution and the interplay between the inception cavitation and the local turbulent flows. A high-speed video camera is used to visualize the cavitating flow structures, and the particle image velocimetry(PIV) technique is used to measure the velocity field, the vorticity, and the Reynolds stresses under non-cavitating and inception cavitating flow conditions. It is found that the appearance of visible cavities is preceded by the formation of a cluster of micro-bubbles not attached to the body surface and in a hairpin-shaped vortex structure. During its evolution, the cavity moves downstream with a lower speed. The effect of the incipient cavity is significant on the local vortical structures but slight on the timeaveraged velocity distribution. The mean Reynolds stress distributions in the turbulent shear flow can be substantially altered by the incipient cavities. The presence of the incipient cavities can lead to the production of turbulent fluctuations.