Recombinant Landscapes in the American City

How are urban actors, such as landscape designers, community groups, developers and local politicians, actively restructuring their environments to meet the challenges of the American city in the new global context? Grahame Shane outlines the approaches to landscape that have been emerging since the mid-20th century and are set to recombine urban assemblages whether they are located in historic city centres, postindustrial waterfronts or suburban sprawl. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Information Modelling as a Paradigm Shift

Building information modelling (BIM) is not just a change in software or skills sets, it requires a paradigm shift. Dennis Shelden , Chief Technology Officer of Gehry Technologies, outlines the more ‘fundamental, subtle and profound decisions’ on the road to BIM. It is necessary to fully consider not only the impacts both ‘upstream’ and ‘downstream’ from the conventional design phase, but also the possible creative restrictions as there is a potential trade-off that comes with the emphasis on collaborative processes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

MAD

Jiang Jun , Editor-in-Chief of Urban China magazine, marvels at the architectural phenomenon that is MAD. Riding on the crest of Chinese urban expansion, Ma Yansong has optimised on extraordinary architectural opportunities. His projects, such as Beijing 2050, display a savvy design approach that synthesises innovative forms with Chinese characteristics. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Study on Variety Comparative of Fresh Glutinous Corn Cultivars in 2011 of Chongming County

为筛选出更多适合在崇明地区种植的优良鲜食糯玉米品种,通过对10个糯玉米品种的产量、农艺性状和感官品质进行比较,并进行聚类分析。结果表明：申糯3号、沪紫黑糯1号和沪玉糯3号,产量和品质较好,经进一步试验可在崇明地区推广应用。     

An overview of instrumentation and control systems of a Korea standard nuclear power plant: A signal interface standpoint

This paper presents an overview of instrumentation and control (I&C) systems of a pressurized water reactor (PWR) type nuclear power plant (NPP) in Korea. Yonggwang unit 3, which was constructed as a basis model for a Korea standard nuclear power plant (KSNP), is selected as an example for the presentation. This overview is derived from analyzing the I&C systems based on a top-down approach. The I&C systems consist of 30 systems. The 183 I&C cabinets are also analyzed and mapped to the systems. The overview is focused on an interface between the systems and the cabinets. This information will be used to understand the implementation of the I&C systems and to group the systems for an upgrade.     

东天山土屋斜长花岗斑岩的成因——来自围岩的证据

东天山土屋大型斑岩铜矿床的成因还存在较大争议。本文报道了斑岩铜矿的远矿围岩、近矿围岩和斜长花岗斑岩的主量元素、微量元素和Pb同位素地球化学特征。远矿围岩和近矿围岩具有相似的地球化学特征,属于岛孤火山岩。斑岩具有富铝、钠。富集轻稀土、亏损重稀土和高Sr／Y比值等特征。铅同位素都落在地幔演化线附近。对比研究表明,斜长花岗斑岩属于埃达克岩,为俯冲洋壳部分熔融的产物。     

基于产业类型的粤西硇洲岛海岛聚落景观研究

硇洲岛作为中国第一大火山岛,是中国南海生态景观和传统文化景观保留较好的岛屿。岛内传统聚落数量众多,对其进行保护和研究对可持续性岛屿景观规划具有重要意义。运用风景园林学、人文地理学、海洋地理学等多学科交叉的方法,通过田野调查和GIS对硇洲岛101个聚落进行落点,结合传统时期聚落的产业属性,分析海岛产业的开发时序。选取“滨海距离”“火山地质地貌”“岛屿土壤类型”“地下水资源”“岛礁空间分布”为敏感因子。探讨主要因子对聚落空间分布的机制,总结归纳出海岛聚落的景观格局特征。试图通过对硇洲岛传统聚落景观的分析,解析海岛先民是如何适应海岛恶劣的自然地理环境,发展适宜的海岛产业景观,并建立较为宜居的人居环境。     

Planning an ecological network of Xiamen Island (China) using landscape metrics and network analysis

Most Chinese municipal governments and urban planners have attempted to conserve and create urban greenspace in response to rapid urbanization. It is a major task for urban landscape planners to construct an effective and harmonious urban ecological network and maintain a sustainable urban development environment. In this paper, the present situation and a recent greenway augment plan of Xiamen Island were assessed using a series of landscape metrics. The results showed that the recent greenway augment plan could improve the present greenway system considerably. The improvements were indicated by decrease in patch density, and increase in total class area and edge density on the patch level, landscape diversity, landscape evenness and landscape connectivity on the landscape level. On the basis of these analyses, a number of alternative planning scenarios were designed by using network analysis methods for improving the ecological network of Xiamen Island. An alternative planning scenario was proposed to decrease the degree of landscape fragmentation, increase the shape complexity of greenway patches and enhance the landscape connectivity. The results indicated that methods which integrate landscape metrics with network analyses could not only quantitatively assess the present situation and the rationality of planning for urban greenway systems, but also facilitate the design of planning scenarios for urban ecological networks, enabling them to meet the principles of conformity, harmony, circulation, safety, diversity and sustainability. The principles and methods of landscape ecology, and the greenway concepts that have originated in the West can be useful for Chinese landscape planning and can be applied to greenway development in China.