用傅里叶变换计算单缝衍射的光强分布

现代光学和通讯理论由于引入了傅里叶变换的方法，使计算光学系统和通讯系统的物像的对应关系简洁、清晰。该文用傅氏变换计算长为２ａ、照度为Ａ的均匀缝光源在观察面上的光强分布为Ｉ（ｘ）＝│Ｅ（ｘ）│＾２＝ＡＡ＾２ａ＾２（ｓｉｎ２πｆａ／２πｆａ）此方法也可运用于矩形孔、圆孔等。     

Solubilization of unilamellar liposomes by betaine-type zwitterionic/anionic surfactant systems

The mechanisms governing the solubilizing interactions between zwitterionic/anionic mixed surfactant systems at different molar fractions of the zwitterionic surfactant (X_zwitter) and neutral or electrically charged unilamellar liposomes were investigated. The mixed systems were formed by N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylbetaine and sodium dodecyl sulfate in the presence of piperazine-1,4-bis-(2-ethanesulfonic acid) buffer at pH 7.20. Unilamellar liposomes formed by egg phosphatidylcholine, in some cases together with stearylamine or phosphatidic acid, were used. Solubilization was detected as a decrease in static light-scattering of liposomes. Two parameters were regarded as corresponding to the effective surfactant/lipid molar ratios (Re) at which the surfactant system (i) saturated the liposomes, Re_sat, and (ii) led to a total solubilization of liposomes, Re_sol. From these parameters the bilayer/aqueous medium surfactant partition coefficients for the saturation (K_sat) and complete bilayer solubilization (K_sol) were determined. When X_zwitter was 0.40, The Re and K parameters showed a maximum, whereas the critical micellar concentration (CMC) of these systems exhibited a minimum, regardless of the electrical charge of bilayers. Given that the ability of the surfactant systems to saturate or solubilize liposomes is inversely related to the Re_sat and Re_sol parameters, these capacities appear to be directly correlated with the CMC of the mixed systems. The similarity of both K_sat and K_sol (particularly for X_zwitter=0.2–0.8) suggests that a similar partition equilibrium governs both the saturation and the complete solubilization of bilayers, the free surfactant concentration (S_a,S_b), remaining almost constant with similar values to the CMC for each mixed system studied.     

A study of the static and dynamic properties of side-chain liquid crystalline polymers in low molar mass mesogens

The static and dynamic properties of solutions of a side chain polysiloxane liquid crystal polymer have been studied in a cyanobiphenyl nematic host as a function of concentration and temperature. Refractive index measurements were carried out on aligned samples and the data used to determine the macroscopic order parameter, S, using Haller's method. Photon correlation spectroscopy has been used to measure ($\text{k}{}_{22}\text{γ}{}_1$) for the pure nematic solvent and the solutions. From these measurements it appears that the static properties vary slowly and linearly with increasing polymer concentration whilst the dynamic or viscoelastic properties change markedly. This change has been attributed to γ₁, the twist viscosity, and the results have been discussed in terms of the function of the siloxane polymer backbone.     

石匣小流域坡地水土流失监测系统的建立及应用

以石匣小流域为坡地水土流失监测试点,以遥感及地理信息系统技术为手段,以坡地径流小区定位观测为依据,建立石匣小流域坡地水土流失监测系统,定位、定性、定量监测各种坡地类型的水土流失量、污染物流失量,为水土流失监测预报提供数据,为全市山区水土流失监测预报工作提供经验及方法,为制定水土流失防治方针政策及水土流失生态环境建设提供依据.     

散射式浊度测量仪

浊度是一项评定水质的重要技术指标。如何提高测量浊度的精度是国内外一直在研究的问题之一。文章介绍了作者在散射式浊度测量仪设计过程中，为提高浊度的测量精度和稳定性所做的工作。在测量仪的部件（光学系统，电路系统等）设计中，采取了许多特殊方法，使浊度测量的各项精度指标都得到了较大的提高。     

单色光石英退偏器的退偏机理及性能研究

研究了单色光石英退偏器的退偏机理；定义了退偏度作为衡量退偏器性能的物理量。从实验上在４４０～９２０ｎｍ的光谱范围测试了器件的退偏度，结果表明：只要器件的结构角适当，或者适当调节入射光束的截面大小，便可对某一单色线偏振光实现很好的退偏。     

离子注入硅的线源非相干光瞬时退火温度计算

本文利用高温模型,计算了在我们的实验条件下对离子注入硅进行线源非相干光瞬时退火的退火温度,并与实验结果比较,两者符合得较好。     

基于模糊修正熵权TOPSIS的战时装备供应链风险评估

针对战时装备供应链的特点,以远程精确打击、敌特后方袭扰和恶劣天气等三个因素为主要风险指标,运用修正的模糊信息熵权对TOPSIS法进行改进,提出了一种新的战时装备供应链风险评估方法。首先利用原始数据产生的模糊信息熵权进行客观赋权,并引入专家因素对权重进行主观修正,利用逼近理想解排序方法进行运算,最后通过实例计算与分析,验证该评估方法简便易行,结论合理,有效降低了指挥员决策的主观随意性。     

遗传算法和Dijkstra算法在动态权值系统中的比较

针对遗传算法和Dijkstra算法在求解动态权值系统中最短路径时的性能问题,采用比较法,将两种算法应用在同一个实际游戏模型中,对其算法的稳定性、智能性、时间复杂度进行对比测试。游戏模型模拟了各种条件下的动态权值系统。为了使遗传算法更加可靠,通过优化其变异过程使得收敛速度更快,可靠性更高。实验数据表明,遗传算法在每张地图上的得分数以及算法所用时间普遍高于Dijkstra算法,从而得出遗传算法在求解动态权值系统中最短路径问题时稳定性和预期效果明显好于Dijkstra算法,但其时间复杂度较高的结论。