引黄灌区跨地区水权转让补偿 标准的研究

针对黄河流域引黄灌区的跨地区水权转让补偿标准的定量问题,探讨了转让费用构成中的农业风险补偿、生态补偿、水管单位补偿的含义和计算方法,并以内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市引黄灌区的水权转让一期项目为实例,通过计算得出3项补偿费用为889.92万元/年,在25年水权转让期内应付出的补偿费用为22 248万元,水的转让价格平均增加补偿费用为3.45元/m3。对黄河流域水权转让费用构成中的补偿费用进行准确的定量计算,将会进一步推动水权转让更加科学合理的实施,并为引黄灌区的健康持续发展奠定基础。     

Source Choice Perception and Sustainable Rural Water Supply Development: A Case Study of Ban Thadindam,Lopburi, Thailand

Abstract

This study seeks to examine source choice perception and sustainable rural water supply development in Ban Thadindam, a Thai village situated about 220 km north of Bangkok. It makes use of an elementary schematic matrix that was initially developed for the valuation of water sources as perceived by water users in East Africa. In applying the elementary choice scheme, the author interviewed the village Kamnan (district officer) and a few villagers. The results of this study show that a wide range of water supply sources was perceived by the Kamnan. Out of a practical range of six sources, four were perceived and accepted, roof (rain water), river, spring, and pond; and two were perceived but not accepted: well and canal. The reason why well and canal water sources were rejected was because of their hardness and turbidity. Of the four sources accepted, roof (rain water) was rated very favorably as the preferred choice while river, spring, and pond sources were judged equally favorable. Awareness of source choice and the conditions under which choice is made is crucial for the understanding and development of sustainable rural water supply. By adopting a wide combination of sources and integrating them to provide a rich water supply for treatment, and by taking advantage of filtration technology given by the Asian Institute of Technology, Environmental Engineering Division, the villagers, with the help of the Project Managing Committee, transformed the demonstration filtration facility into a sustainable rural water supply system. The latter succeeded not only in providing adequate filtered water for the majority of the households in Ban Thadindam but also in satisfying the water requirements for the whole village for two decades. The success of the rural water supply system has been attributable to many factors, but most important was the awareness the villagers have in the understanding of the interrelations between landscape, range of choice and the interaction between community participation, technology, and environment.     

竹塑复合材料在宁夏灌区末级渠系 衬砌中的应用研究

宁夏灌区末级渠系渠道衬砌率低,冻胀破坏和渗漏损失严重,灌区农业灌溉水利用系数仅为0.42。而且,灌区末级渠系的衬砌改造一直全部采用混凝土刚性材料进行防渗,存在的问题较多。为此,引进了技术先进、价格合理、适应性强的竹塑复合材料进行末级渠系衬砌,以改善灌区输水条件,延长衬砌工程使用寿命,实现水资源高效利用。本文从水力条件、节水效果、耕地占用、维修养护、施工速度等方面对传统混凝土渠道与竹塑复合材料衬砌渠道的特性进行了分析比较,并进行了相关综合经济效益评价。     

浙东地区水资源配置工程管理对策研究

浙东引水工程是一项优化浙东地区水资源配置格局、解决浙东地区水资源短缺矛盾的系统工程。工程建成后,如何进行科学调度和有效运行管理,以获得最大综合效益,是摆在水利部门面前的重要课题。通过对浙东引水工程的特点和面临的问题进行全面剖析,研究提出建立管理体系、制定统一调度方案、建立水量水质监测系统等对策建议,为浙东引水工程建成后的运行调度管理提供决策参考。     

东江源区重要江河湖泊水功能区纳污能力及限制排污研究

本文以东江源区主要河流为研究对象,以水功能区划为基础,采用河流一维模型对源区内6个国家重点江河湖泊水功能区纳污能力及限制排污总量进行分析计算,并结合上下游水域功能区水质保护目标、源区内采选矿业及果业开发等排污调查资料,分别提出这6个特别是3个不达标重点江河湖泊水功能区的主要污染物分阶段限排总量控制方案,为源区开展水污染防治与污染减排工作提供依据。     

马克思主义精神在中央苏区时期的坚持和发展

中央苏区时期,中国共产党人树立了坚定的革命理想信仰,始终不渝地遵循马克思主义基本原则,这是革命精神的体现;在马克思主义科学世界观和方法论的指导下,不断地认识事物的本质,把握事物的规律,完整准确地理解马克思主义,这是批判精神的体现;研究和讨论完成苏区工作的具体办法,把马克思主义与苏区实际相结合,开展了轰轰烈烈的苏区建设运动,这是实践精神的体现;苏区干部为了发展的需要,运用马克思主义基本理论,不断突破常规,解决新问题,灵活地运用和发展马克思主义,这是创新精神和开放精神的体现。     

洞庭湖区供水安全问题

随着气候变化和人类水土资源开发活动影响的深入,洞庭湖区面临着严重的供水安全问题。现结合供水安全的含义,从水量、水质变化以及供水设施等方面,分析洞庭湖区水量的变化以及水质状况演变趋势,并从科学调水用水、水源保护、法规制度的制定等3方面提出了相应的对策与措施,为科学的解决本地区的供水安全问题提供依据,以期能够引起人们对洞庭湖区供水安全方面问题的重视。     

复杂山地弯宽线观测系统适用效果分析

以桂中地区复杂山地弯宽线地震资料采集为例进行不同观测系统叠加试验,分析不同覆盖次数的观测系统对资料的成像效果、信噪比、能量和频率的影响。宽线放炮或者交叉放炮可以改善接收方向上各项异性的接收效果,可以更好压制散射、侧面波、规则干扰等干扰波。因此高覆盖次数叠加可以很好的压制噪音。随着覆盖次数的增加剖面能量增强,信噪比增加,但覆盖次数高,剖面频率降低。     

六盘山盆地烃源岩的地球化学特征及油气勘探潜力

依据六盘山盆地露头和钻测井资料,应用有机地球化学的多种分析方法,对六盘山盆地乃家河—马东山烃源岩进行分析评价,分析表明:乃家河组烃源岩有机含量为0.43％～3.18％,平均值为1.76％,有机质类型以偏腐泥为主,镜质体反射率Ro值为0.52％～0.67％,平均值为0.60％,马东山烃源岩有机质含量为0.73％～3.65％平均值为1.69％,有机质类型以偏腐植型为主,晶质体反射率Ro为0.64％～0.75％,平均值为0.69％.对比可知,马东山组烃源岩的有机质丰富,热演化程度好于乃家河组,但同质类型没有乃家河组好.六盘山具有两套生储组合,白垩系李洼峡组发现不同级别油气显示,有较好的油气成藏条件,油气资源丰富,勘探潜力较好.     

微伏古隆起对滩坝砂体分布的控制作用——以东营凹陷八面河地区面120区沙四段为例

东营凹陷八面河地区面120区沙四段各砂组沉积时期的精细古地貌,为一北东走向、北西倾的宽缓古隆,隆上发育多个微伏古隆起,相应单砂体分布基本与微伏隆起发育耦合,砂体分布存在滩连滩、滩外滩、滩叠滩三种模式。