基于SRTMv4的异龙湖流域地形因子提取

以最新SRTMv4版DEM作为基础数据,选择异龙湖流域为研究区域,利用ArcGIS 10平台中的水文分析扩展模块提取异龙湖流域的流域边界和流域水文特征两方面的流域地形因子。根据提取结果与获取到的实测数据进行有效性检验:①与实际调查数据的水系网和1∶5万水系图对照比较,发现基于SRTM DEM所提取出的流域地形因子等信息是合理有效的。②与1∶5万DEM所提取流域水网进行对比发现基于SRTM DEM所提取的数据精度较为满意,在相同河网密度情况下,基于SRTM的DEM与1∶5万DEM的水网细节表现高度一致,具有可靠性。     

浅析现代高校校园景观设计——山东建筑大学映雪湖规划设计构思

结合映雪湖的设计,从规划布局、意境创造、景观处理、植物造景等方面,阐述了现代校园环境规划设计,要以满足现代大学生的精神需要、学习需要为目标,以现代大学生的大众行为为依据,综合考虑读书、休闲、交往、集会等活动的要求,并注意处理好现代景观设计中继承与创新关系。     

纤维增强高性能混凝土在西部盐湖中的抗冻性

采用普通水和我国西部4种典型盐湖卤水为冻融介质,用快冻法研究了钢纤维与高强高模聚乙烯纤维对高性能混凝土抗冻性的影响,探讨了纤维增强对高性能混凝土抗冻性的作用机理.结果表明,在水中冻融时,钢纤维的阻裂作用限制了冻融时混凝土内部裂纹的引发与扩展,在一定程度上提高了高性能混凝土的抗冻性;高强高模聚乙烯纤维因其存在表面微裂纹,对高性能混凝土的抗冻性具有明显的不利影响.阐述了西藏、内蒙古、新疆和青海盐湖卤水中冻融时,纤维增强高性能混凝土内部不能形成足以导致结构破坏的盐结晶压,具有很高的抗卤水冻蚀性.因此,在我国西部盐湖地区,纤维增强高性能混凝土属于高耐久性的混凝土,适用于不同类型的盐湖环境.     

太湖地区麦季氮素淋失特征

通过排水采集器模拟试验,研究了太湖地区不同施肥水平下,麦作期间农田氮素淋洗特点。结果表明,麦季氮素渗漏损失以NO3--N为主,占总氮量的36.2%～99.1%,平均高达82.9%,NO3--N淋洗量随施肥量的增加而增加。不同施肥水平及肥料种类,对于NO3--N淋洗有着不同的影响,在试验的施肥水平下,麦作期间氮素淋失对地下水存在潜在污染。     

多种监测方法在城口县庙坝镇堰塞湖抢险救灾工作中的综合运用

城口县庙坝镇堰塞湖抢险救灾工作中,综合采用了宏观巡查、裂缝观测、全站仪监测、GPS监测等多种监测手段,对滑坡堆积体进行全天候监测,为抢险救灾总体决策及24h不间断抢险施工提供了有力保障,成功进行了3次预警,避免了重大险情的发生。该文在分析各种监测方法特点的基础上,提出在地质灾害应急监测中多种监测方法综合运用的思路。     

Lake management organizations in China

The paper analyses the range of lake management organizations (LMOs) established in China and proposes management recommendations for different lake types and contexts. Based on functions, regional coverage and sectoral focus, nine LMO patterns are identified, ranging from existing agency approaches in which there is no specific lake focus or institutional responsibility to comprehensive and powerful lake basin authorities. LMO development in China faces many challenges, including a preoccupation with organizational form rather than function and objectives, duplication with existing agency functions, and insufficient lake basin management and trans-jurisdictional coordination. We therefore propose that LMOs should be tailored to specific situations and problems, drawing distinctions between plateau, urban, plain, inland and wetland lakes as well as other contexts.     

运城盐湖矿物黑泥在化妆品洁面乳中的应用

简要介绍了运城盐湖矿物黑泥的形成历史及其富含成分,重点考察了其在洁面乳化妆品中的应用。结果表明,含有2.0%～4.0%黑泥的洁面乳配方性质稳定、性能温和,其各项指标均符合国家相关标准规定。含有黑泥的洁面乳经人群试用后的综合评价结果良好,黑泥在洁面乳体系中具有显著的去除多余油脂和去角质功能。     

First genetically verified occurrence of Ligula pavlovskii outside its native range and characteristics of its infection in Neogobius fluviatilis

In this study, we provide the first genetically verified distribution record beyond its native range of Ligula pavlovskii, a high-impact endoparasite of Ponto-Caspian gobies. According to parasitological surveys, ligulosis was detected for the first time in monkey goby individuals collected from Lake Balaton in 2004, 34 years after the first record of monkey goby in the lake. During a Lake Balaton survey in 2018, we detected tapeworms in 44.4% of the sampled monkey gobies. This prevalence is about two to ten times higher than it was reported from within the native range of the fish hosts. The same survey revealed an uneven spatial distribution of the ligulosis in the monkey gobies inhabiting different shoreline sections of the lake. We assume that the occurrence and recent distribution data of this high-impact endoparasite may provide useful information for potential biocontrol measures of invasive Ponto-Caspian gobies in the future.     

Anaerobic methane oxidation and aerobic methane production in an east African great lake (Lake Kivu)

We investigated CH₄ oxidation in the water column of Lake Kivu, a deep meromictic tropical lake with CH₄-rich anoxic deep waters. Depth profiles of dissolved gases (CH₄ and N₂O) and a diversity of potential electron acceptors for anaerobic CH₄ oxidation (NO₃^?, SO₄^2?, Fe and Mn oxides) were determined during six field campaigns between June 2011 and August 2014. Denitrification measurements based on stable isotope labelling experiments were performed twice. In addition, we quantified aerobic and anaerobic CH₄ oxidation, NO₃^? and SO₄^2? consumption rates, with and without the presence of an inhibitor of SO₄^2?-reducing bacteria activity. Aerobic CH₄ production was also measured in parallel incubations with the addition of an inhibitor of aerobic CH₄ oxidation. The maximum aerobic and anaerobic CH₄ oxidation rates were estimated to be 27?±?2 and 16?±?8?μmol/L/d, respectively. We observed a difference in the relative importance of aerobic and anaerobic CH₄ oxidation during the rainy and the dry season, with a greater role for aerobic oxidation during the dry season. Lower anaerobic CH₄ oxidation rates were measured in presence of molybdate in half of the measurements, suggesting the occurrence of linkage between SO₄^2? reduction and anaerobic CH₄ oxidation. NO₃^? consumption and dissolved Mn production rates were never high enough to sustain the measured anaerobic CH₄ oxidation, reinforcing the idea of a coupling between SO₄^2? reduction and CH₄ oxidation in the anoxic waters of Lake Kivu. Finally, significant rates (up to 0.37?μmol/L/d) of pelagic CH₄ production were also measured in oxygenated waters.     

DT-X回声探测仪在太湖沉水植物调查中的应用

沉水植物是湖泊生态系统的重要组成部分,掌握沉水植物分布及变化对于湖泊水环境综合治理及生态修复具有重要意义。在分析现有沉水植物调查方法的不足和介绍DT-X多功能回声探测仪的相关功能及国外应用情况的基础上,分析了在太湖应用该仪器开展沉水植物调查可能需要克服的技术难题,并选择断面对该仪器开展了试验性应用。结果表明,仪器调查结果与人工样方调查结果基本一致,应用DT-X回声探测仪在太湖开展沉水植物调查具有一定的前景。