管网巡检养护系统的建设与应用

为加强供水企业对管网的管理,提高巡检养护工作的效率及企业信息化水平,苏州市自来水公司结合GIS技术建立了供水巡检养护系统。重点介绍了该水司供水巡检养护系统的建设情况和主要功能,并从管线巡视、阀门巡视、管网检漏、管网抢修及GIS信息维护等方面阐述了系统的实际应用情况。     

A thermo-hydro-mechano-chemical formulation for modeling water transport around a ventilated tunnel in an argillaceous rock

Argillaceous rocks are being considered as potential host rocks for deep geological disposal. For the research work in DECOVALEX-2011, 5 participant research teams performed simulations of a laboratory drying test and a ventilation experiment for Mont Terri underground laboratory built in argillaceous rock formation. Our study starts with establishing a coupled thermo-hydro-mechano-chemical (THMC) processes model to simulate water transport in rock around the ventilated tunnel. Especially in this THMC formulation, a three-phase and two-constituent hydraulic model is introduced to simulate the processes which occur during tunnel ventilation, including desaturation/resaturation in the rock, phase change and air/rock interface, and to explore the Opalinus clay parameter set. It can be found that water content evolution is very sensitive to intrinsic permeability, relative permeability and capillary pressure in clay rock. Water loss from surrounding rock is sensitive to the change of permeability in clay which is induced by excavation damaged zone. Chemical solute transport in the rock near ventilation experiment tunnel is simulated based on the coupled THMC formulation. It can be estimated that chemical osmotic flow has little significance on water flow modeling. Comparisons between simulation results from 5 teams and experimental observations show good agreement. It increases the confidence in modeling and indicates that it is a good start for fully THMC understanding of the moisture transportation and mechanical behavior in argillaceous rock.     

区域GPS水准高程拟合方法精度分析

在介绍GPS水准几何拟合的几种方法和济南市似大地水准面精化建设项目的基础上,以某垃圾处理厂施工控制测量数据为例,对不同几何拟合方法同似大地水准面精化成果所计算的正常高进行了分析比较。根据比较结果和作者经验,分析了GPS高程拟合影响精度的原因及作业中的注意事项,并对本文实验的几种拟合方法的适用范围进行了总结。     

芜湖市现代测绘基准体系的建立

简介了芜湖市现代测绘基准体系建设的必要性和迫切性,详细介绍了连续运行GPS参考站综合服务系统(WHCORS)、高精度GPS网、精密水准网、似大地水准面精化等四项组成部分,展望了系统建成后的前景和意义。     

不同测量模式在现代地籍测量中的应用以及优缺点分析

地籍测量技术运用先进的测绘技术手段对一定区域内的地质构造、地形特点等地理属性进行测量,并绘制成图,进而作为国家或者地区登记土地提供依据。本文分析了野外数字、GPS、数字摄影与遥感、内业扫描数字化等不同测量模式在现代地籍测量中的应用,说明其优缺点,以期提高我国现在地籍测量的水平。     

锥形端坯料辊切成形装置设计与实验

为开发锥形端坯料辊切成形装备进而实现轧制无凹心成形,研究了辊刀结构参数对辊切成形质量的影响,并设计了辊切装置的主要结构。通过分析辊切成形过程中辊刀挡板间隙、基圆直径和展宽角三个结构参数对锥形端成形质量的影响规律,确定了辊刀最佳结构参数组合。进而提出了可实现辊刀绕坯料公转的同时逐步自转的差动轮系传动机构,并根据辊切成形工艺要求,确定了差动轮系合理的传动比分配。最后设计并制造了辊切成形装置,完成了锥形端坯料辊切实验。结果表明,通过辊切成形得到的锥形端成形质量较好,且实验辊切锥形端与仿真模拟锥形端尺寸基本一致,验证了锥形端坯料辊切成形工艺的可行性及辊切装置结构设计的合理性。     

A model for automated monitoring of road construction

Monitoring and control of earthmoving operations is gaining an increasing interest. Manual monitoring and control of earthmoving operations have not yielded the expected results. Additionally, because manual monitoring is labor‐intensive, construction managers have to choose between monitoring based on rough estimates, or spending a lot of time collecting and processing data. The latter choice distracts them from many other important duties. The purpose of the present model is to automatically collect and process monitoring data providing the construction manager with real‐time control information. The model was developed for road construction. It uses GPS technology for automated data collection, logging the locations of all the earthmoving equipment while working on the project. Specially developed algorithms convert these locations to control information regarding productivity, duration (or progress) and actual consumption of materials. The model was implemented and tested for 3 weeks in a road construction project. The performance of four activities was measured by the model and compared to manual measurement of the same parameters. This comparison indicated that the model could reach a deviation of ±5%.     

整治·控制·试验：广东省村庄规划回顾与思考

村庄规划和建设是我国实现“新型城镇化”的重要任务之一。本文回顾了广东省村庄规划和建设的历程,将其大致归纳为整治型、控制型和试验型三种类型,总结了各个类型的村庄规划编制的背景、内容、经验与问题,提出村庄规划编制应着眼于全域规划、关注产业、强调实施和公众参与四个规划理念,重点在完善村庄规划的内容体系、加快制定覆盖全域的村庄用地分类标准两个方面提高村庄规划编制的技术水平。     

双弹簧支撑ETFE枕式膜结构性能研究

利用压缩弹簧代替充气形成无需充气设备的ETFE薄膜结构,采用数值分析与模型试验方法对双弹簧支撑ETFE枕式膜结构的可行性及结构性能进行研究。数值分析结果表明：膜面形状由膜面初始应力和弹簧弹力之比决定;弹簧刚度对膜面应力影响较小,增大弹簧刚度可减小膜面位移但使荷载作用下弹簧弹力的变化增大;膜面矢跨比对膜面应力影响不大,但减小矢跨比使膜面变形增大。模型试验结果表明：膜面成形可通过调整弹簧弹力完成,方法简便可靠,膜面成形精度较高;加载试验中弹簧支撑系统工作可靠,可以较好地追随并张紧膜面;支撑点处膜面应力集中不明显,试验结果与数值分析结果吻合较好。