Subtle traps prediction using sequence stratigraphy and 3D seismic technology: A case study from Qikou depression in Huanghua basin

Forecasting subtle traps by sequence stratigraphy and 3D seismic data is a sensitive topic in hydrocarbon exploration. Research on subtle traps by geophysical data is the most popular and difficult. Based on the sufficiently drilling data, log data, core data and 3D seismic data, sediment sequence of Qikou depression, Huanghua basin was partitioned by using sequence stratigraphy theory. Each sediment sequence system mode was built. Sediment faces of subtle traps were pointed out. Dominating factors forming subtle traps were analyzed. Sandstone seismic rock physics and its response were studied in Tertiary System. Sandstone geophysical response and elastic modulus vary laws with pressure, temperature, porosity, depth were built. Experimental result and practice shows that it is possible using seismic information forecasting subtle traps. Integrated using geology, log, drilling data, special seismic processing technique, interpretation technique, high precision horizon calibration technique, 3D seismic visualizing interpretation, seismic coherence analysis, attribute analysis, logging-constrained inversion, time frequency analysis, subtle traps object is identified and interpreted. Finally, advantage object of subtle trap in this area was determined. Bottomland sand stratigraphic and lithologic reservoirs in Qinan slope zone have been founded by means of high resolution 3D seismic data field technique, high resolution 3D seismic data processing technique and seismic wave impedence inversion technique. Foundation item: Project(2003034470) supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China; project supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University     

吉格森构造带油气分布与聚集规律

通过构造格局研究、沉积相及储集特征研究、储集层预测评价、储集层分布发育特点、油气水分布聚集规律及影响因素分析，认为吉格森构造带面向生油洼槽，良好的沉积砂体、发育的构造图闭与之相匹配，使之成为额仁淖尔凹陷的主要油气聚集带。据此指导油田滚动勘探开发，寻找出数百万吨地质储量，使构造带成为千万吨级大油田。     

苏北盆地白驹凹陷深层油气成藏研究

通过有机相分析、二次生烃机理研究、油气成藏静态要素和动态要素分析，对苏北盆地白驹凹陷深层油气成藏进行研究。认为：白驹凹陷深层烃源岩有机相包括B、B1和D亚相，下寒武统幕府山组(∈1mu)、下志留统高家边组(S1g)烃源岩为B亚相，生油气潜力大；无论一次生烃还是二次生烃，烃源岩总的产烃能力是一定的，二次生烃与一次生烃有一定连续性；白驹凹陷深层烃源岩二次生烃史极为复杂，大致经历了加里东期、海西-印支期、燕山期、燕山晚期-喜山期；根据成藏基本要素的不同，白驹凹陷深层油气成藏模式可分为下部油气成藏模式(下古生界)和上部油气成藏模式(上古生界)。     

Non-point source critical area analysis in the Gisselö watershed using GIS

In the southeast in Norrköping, Sweden, is a small fjord-like bay called Slätbaken. The water quality in Slätbaken—with its narrow outlet to the Baltic Sea—depends highly on the water quality of the streams that flow in it. While point pollution sources can be identified easily in general, the non-point sources are harder to find. The most important sources for non-point pollution are agricultural areas, and the pollutants are mostly nutrients like phosphorus, which come from the fertilisation of the fields. One important catchment area for Slätbaken is the 57.7 km² Gisselö river basin (part of the topographic map 8GNO), which contains large agricultural areas.The transport of water pollutants is based on the same hydrological processes as erosion and sediment transport. The implementation of such a model in a GIS allows the analysis of a large area with a high resolution. When choosing the model, special attention was paid to the possibility of using a verified model that is easy to implement in a commercial GIS without the need of too much expert knowledge. This may allow its widespread use in many administrative applications that need non-point source information. A feasibility test for an enhanced GIS USLE model was done in the Gisselö drainage basin before it was implemented for all river basins in the whole administrative area of Norrköpings kommun.It is possible to use the suggested simplified USLE model to estimate the load of both pollutants and sediments, and it is able to show the areas that are critical for the water quality at the outlet of the water basin. The model has been evaluated in three studies [Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Syst. 2 (4) (1988) 365; A GIS to target critical areas for non point source management, in: Proceedings of the International Non Point Source Management Symposium, Austin, TX, November 7, 1989; Vatten 48 (1992) 117]. Then, implemented in a very simple GIS that allowed only rough estimates of terrain models and distances, the model was able to estimate the total suspended solids (TSS) and total phosphorus (TP) loads in the Svartå river basin of 1539 km² in the same region as Gisselö and the Bornsjö river basin outside Stockholm. Besides an estimated R² of 0.91–0.98 (verified by a more than one year measurement from manual and automated sampling stations in the whole river basin), the benefit with the GIS implemented USLE was the possibility to identify the risk areas with high spatial accuracy. During the last decade, both available databases and software have changed the possibilities to identify areas at risk of nutrient leakage. Schein [GIS Methods for Monitoring Sustainable Development by Analysis of Land-use and Land Cover Changes in the Surroundings of Linköping (Sweden), Institut für Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany] and Schein and Sivertun [Method and models for sustainable development monitoring and analyses in GIS, in: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Geo-Spatial Knowledge Processing for Natural Resource Management, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy, June 28–29, 2001] show that the enhanced land use data available through the European Union agricultural support program can be used together with remote sensing data to fine tune the modified GIS USLE model. The problems with the new 50×50 m digital elevation data now available are also pointed out here. Obvious errors in the data and possibilities to enhance the model by introducing a better terrain model were two important suggestions in these works. In this article, two modifications to the original model are suggested. One is enhancement of the digital terrain model by using height curves from the digital 1:50 000 scale topographic map, and the other is a smooth distance function that better reflects the impact of nutrients on water bodies.Because of its easy implementation on standard low cost systems, the GIS USLE model is suitable for analysing huge areas for critical places. The results can lead to more detailed studies in the risk areas thus identified or to investigations on the effect of land use changes, or can be used simply for taking care in the use of fertilisers and other chemicals in the critical agricultural areas.     

准噶尔盆地腹部含氮—富氮天然气成因

通过对天然气地化特征、碳同位素、轻烃组成资料研究认为,准噶尔盆地腹部陆梁隆起古生界天然气具有高氮特征.其中陆南凸起石炭系和三叠系天然气为含氮天然气;石南凹陷石炭系天然气为富氮天然气.成因研究认为,这类天然气可能与岩浆岩侵入体有关.在此研究基础上,结合地质条件,推测气源为石南凹陷石炭系.     

二连盆地阿南凹陷辫状河三角洲砾岩储集层微相模式及含油性

通过对二连盆地阿南凹陷大量岩性剖面、测井曲线、岩石学特征、储集性能、沉积构造和沉积韵律分析,认为阿南凹陷下自垩统阿尔善组第三段砾岩,是一次大的事件性沉积和近物源、粗碎屑.低成分成熟度和低结构成熟度的多源复成分砾岩.首次提出阿三段砾岩属大型辫状河三角洲相,具有三角洲所具备的三角洲平原、三角洲前缘和前三角洲的三层结构,存在以牵引流为主的沉积构造和正韵律为主的剖面特征.最终细分出水下河道等十个微相,恢复了阿三段的岩相古地理环境,建立了相模式.指出,砾岩的储集空间为原生砾间孔、砾间洞、粒间缝、次生溶蚀孔和构造缝.砾岩的储集性能、含油性好坏和油藏展布受沉积微相、砾石支撑方式和构造缝发育程度的严格控制.     

塔里木,准噶尔盆地石油生成与演化

以塔里木、准噶尔盆地干酪根、沥青的Ｐｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ同位素分析资料，回答了地质学家必须回答的四个问题：①石油是由舒什么生成的；②石油是如何生成的；③石油是地何时生成的；④石油是何时运移的。根据Ｐｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ同位素所揭示的信息指出，塔里木、准噶尔盆地的石油虽然是在不同构造背景下生成的，生油模式、生油年龄和运移年龄也不相同，但都是由费托合成反应无机生成的。作者指出，地救化学急变对油气田分布的控制作用十     

以识别主砂体为主线的陆相盆地产铀远景评价体系

本文通过对前人所做的盆地产铀远景评价的判据进行评述，引入以识别主砂体为主线的陆相盆地产铀远景评价体系。该体系以识别有利主砂体为主线，进行主砂体的成因分析，进而确定主砂体形成的沉积体系，并通过探讨在不同类型盆地的不同演化阶段沉积体系的发育特征，确定不同类型盆地主砂体发育最为有利的时期(即预期找矿目的层)，构成一个盆地产铀远景评价体系。此外，还讨论了主砂体沉积之后的构造运动对砂岩铀成矿的影响。     

一类非线性振子中有界噪声诱发的混沌运动

研究谐和外力与有界噪声激励联合作用下的一类非线性振子的混沌运动。利用Melnikov方法，通过计算扰动系统的Melnikov积分，分析了系统在参数发生变化时的同宿分岔，得出系统产生混沌运动的参数阈值，并讨论了有界噪声激励对系统的混沌运动的影响。最后利用数值方法模拟了系统的安全盆的侵蚀状况，并进一步通过计算系统运动的Lyapunov指数，给出了由噪声诱发的混沌运动与噪声激励下非混沌运动之间的差别。     

Web GIS design and realization for groundwater resources in the Yellow River basin

1PrefaceInthelastfewyears,thetechnologyofGeographicalInformationSystem(GIS)hasbeenwidelyusedandplayedagreatroleinthescientificresearchandproductionintheYellowRiverbasin.Uptonow,alotofdepartmentshavealreadydevelopedspecializedGISproductsorputforwardtherelevantdesignsofGISintheYellowRiverbasinfortheresearchofdifferentreachesanddifferentsubjectsofthisregion.TheCFCCfortheYellowRiverConservancyCommissionhasbuiltadatabasesys-temforthelowreachesoftheYellowRiverforthefloodpreventionin1991[1]…