基于Abaqus场地盆地效应的参数化数值研究

根据以往学者的研究成果,本文采用粘弹性人工边界模拟土体的边界条件,建立了考虑土体剪切波速、盆地倾角,场地覆土层厚度不同参数影响的盆地二维有限元模型,分别分析了土体在弹性与塑性本构关系下相关参数对场地盆地效应的影响规律,得到以下结论:盆地与自由场相比波峰出现比较密集,且消退较慢,延长了地震动的持时;场地内的土体越软,覆土层越厚,盆地效应越明显;盆地边缘效应随盆地倾角的增大而增大,而聚焦效应随盆地倾角的增大而减小;当考虑土体的非线性本构时,由于土体进入塑性,入射正弦波能量由于土的塑性变形已经耗散,盆地较自由场的放大更加明显,盆地效应更加突出。     

新型城镇化视角下的流域文化保护路径研究——以辽河流域沈阳段为例

以流域为空间界定,以城乡统筹为研究背景,结合辽河流域文化的保护与发展实践,试图探索出打破行政区域概念的、立足于城乡发展的流域文化保护策略和方法,以此树立和强调"流域型文化遗产"的保护观念。     

Long-term monitoring of natural hydrogen superficial emissions in a brazilian cratonic environment. Sporadic large pulses versus daily periodic emissions

In many basins, hydrogen-emitting structures are now observed, but the estimation of the H₂ flow leading to their formation remains poorly constrained since all data show that the H₂ emissions are variable in space and time. We present here the data of a long-term monitoring campaign with a high density of permanent hydrogen detectors installed in 2 structures in the Minas Gerais State (Brazil). Results show that two kinds of signals are recorded, large sporadic pulses that affect the H₂ content of the soil for one or two days and smaller ones, with a daily periodicity, that last 6 h and during which the near surface soil concentration usually does not exceed 200 ppm. This last signal is very regular in frequency, less in amount, and the daily maximum happens around noon or in the early afternoon. We interpret the large pulses as evidences of a deep hydrogen flux, leaking either from a reservoir located in the subsurface, from an aquifer which is degassing or, although it seems unlikely, directly from the H₂ generation area.The time correlation between the pulse and the increase of the daily signal suggests that this last one corresponds to the slow release of the gas that has been captured by the soil during its transport towards the surface. This daily signal is most likely influenced by external factors such as atmospheric pressure and sub-surface bacterial activity. In map view, the lack of correlation between the highest hydrogen concentrations over time suggests that the soil is very heterogeneous and that preferential pathways exist. The results confirm that long-term monitoring, over a few months, is mandatory to catch a certain number of high pulses and so to have a better estimation of the real flow. Data also suggests that sensors with a large concentration range should be used (from 10 to several 10⁴ ppm). Even if quantification of leakage doesn't help to quantify the subsurface reserves, these new data allow a more precise evaluation of the quantity of H₂ released in surface by these structures, few hundred of kilo per day, and confirm the high H₂ prospectivity of this basin.     

宁夏红寺堡盆地隐伏古隆起成因机制及其对区域沙漠化的影响

目前对于青藏高原东北缘活动构造研究多集中于活动断裂带的活动性,而对夹持于其间的沉积盆地构造格架及活动性研究甚少。以夹持于烟筒山断裂与牛首山—罗山断裂之间的宁夏红寺堡盆地为研究对象,采用重力资料重处理解译、音频大地电磁测深(AMT)和地震勘探相结合,揭示红寺堡盆地隐伏构造特征,并进一步采用盆山一体化思路分析隐伏构造的成因机制及其对区域沙漠化的控制作用。结果表明:青藏高原在中新世末发生强烈的NE向推挤、扩展和隆升,红寺堡盆地由坳陷盆地转变为挠曲盆地; 在青藏高原NE向扩展的影响下,烟筒山断裂发生强烈的逆冲作用,古生代—中生代基底逆冲于古近系—新近系之上,受构造变形影响的最新地层为中新统彰恩堡组; 红寺堡盆地内的隐伏古隆起呈NW—SE向,与烟筒山构造带具有相同的构造动力学背景,受青藏高原NE向扩展影响形成于中新世末,并且至今仍具有活动性; 隐伏古隆起周缘断裂的活动破坏了地表稳定性、蓄水能力和地表植被,导致区域沙漠化呈现有规律的NW—SE向带状展布。该研究成果对于宁夏红寺堡盆地区域稳定性评价及沙漠化的综合治理具有现实指导意义。     

Design of Infiltrating Basin by Soil Storage and Conveyance Capacities

Abstract

Design of storm water storage basins must take both surface infiltrating flow and subsurface seepage flow into consideration. Standing water can result from the condition that the subsurface seepage capacity is less than the surface infiltrating capacity or the basin storage volume exceeds the soil pore volume underneath the basin. To avoid a prolonged draining operation, an infiltrating basin must be designed under the constraints of the soil pore storage capacity before saturation and the soil conveyance capacity after saturation. In this study, the potential flow model is developed to estimate the soil pore storage volume underneath the basin and to predict the conveyance capacity through the saturated soil medium between the basin and the local groundwater table. The potential flow model for infiltrating water flow provides a quantifiable basis to define the soil constraints and to compare various alternatives at the basin site.     

鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区长8油层组储层特征及控制因素研究

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组下组合目前已经成为石油勘探开发的重点区域,富县地区油藏类型主要以构造-岩性油藏为主。基于研究区长8油层组露头、岩心观察、铸体薄片、压汞等资料,同时结合测井资料等,对研究区长8油层组的储层岩石学特征、物性特征及孔隙结构特征等进行分析,结果表明,长8油层组岩石类型以长石砂岩为主,储集孔隙结构类型主要为粒间孔,长石溶孔次之,孔喉结构特征以微孔喉类型为主,储集层物性较差,属于特低孔、超低渗致密储层;储层物性特征主要受沉积及成岩作用双重因素控制。     

Palm Oil: A New Ethics of Visibility for the Production Landscape

The explosion of the palm oil industry in recent decades has transformed vast swathes of the Malaysian and Indonesian countryside. Milica Topalovic , Assistant Professor of Architecture and Territorial Planning at ETH Zurich, asserts that the resulting agro-industrial landscapes challenge the very concept of what is rural, and considers how such areas should be conceptualised.     

四川盆地震旦纪末期—寒武纪早期台盆的形成与演化

基于钻测井、地震和露头资料,从沉积、构造和岩溶作用的角度分析了四川盆地震旦纪末期—寒武纪早期台盆的形成与演化过程,利用灯影组三段+灯影组四段的残余厚度、麦地坪组+筇竹寺组的厚度及麦地坪组的岩相分区特点综合确定了台盆的展布,并揭示其对灯影组天然气分布的控制作用。台盆区表现为灯影组三段+灯影组四段残厚小、上覆充填的麦地坪组与筇竹寺组厚度大、麦地坪组以深水相的含磷碳硅泥岩为主,平面上主要分布于青川—资阳—宜宾一带,其形成和演化经历了4个阶段:1灯影组一段、灯影组二段沉积期,四川盆地为一镶边碳酸盐台地,台地边缘和台地内部丘滩体发育,灯影组二段、灯影组三段之间的桐湾运动一幕作用形成了川西海盆的雏形,台盆与其两侧地貌存在差异;2灯影组三段沉积期,上扬子内克拉通由于拉张裂陷,形成了以磨溪、长宁、镇雄等为沉积中心的沉降带,控制着优质烃源岩的分布;灯影组四段沉积期,四川盆地演化为一内部发育台盆的镶边碳酸盐台地,灯影组末期的桐湾运动二幕作用使得四川盆地整体抬升遭受暴露,高部位风化剥蚀、低部位流体下切侵蚀,并使台盆区的范围达到最大;3寒武纪早期的麦地坪组为灯影组岩溶地貌基础上的第一套充填沉积,且平面上发育3个岩相区,麦地坪组与筇竹寺组之间的桐湾运动三幕作用对麦地坪组沉积后的地貌进行了局部改造;4筇竹寺组与沧浪铺组的持续充填,使四川盆地演化为一较平缓的碎屑岩缓坡。台盆的形成与演化不仅促进了其周缘灯影组四段台缘带优质储层的形成,而且控制着寒武系麦地坪组与筇竹寺组2套优质烃源岩的分布,环台盆灯影组白云岩具有良好的源-储配置关系,是最有利的勘探领域。