Obtaining shorter regular expressions from finite-state automata

We consider the use of state elimination to construct shorter regular expressions from finite-state automata (FAs). Although state elimination is an intuitive method for computing regular expressions from FAs, the resulting regular expressions are often very long and complicated. We examine the minimization of FAs to obtain shorter expressions first. Then, we introduce vertical chopping based on bridge states and horizontal chopping based on the structural properties of given FAs. We prove that we should not eliminate bridge states until we eliminate all non-bridge states to obtain shorter regular expressions. In addition, we suggest heuristics for state elimination that leads to shorter regular expressions based on vertical chopping and horizontal chopping.     

Assessment of Shear Forces on Bridge Abutments: Simplified Method

The conventional application of reduction factors to response spectrum analysis results is inappropriate for the abutment shear forces, which are based on elastic action. On the other hand, adopting the unreduced values from the elastic dynamic analysis does not achieve equilibrium among the abutment shear forces, deck inertia forces, and reduced pier forces. A simplified method is here proposed for the assessment of the shear on the abutments, documented by comparison with response spectrum and time history nonlinear analyses for several bridge configurations. For the analyzed configuration of the bridge with an internal movement joint, the response spectrum analysis underestimates the shear on the abutment for low values of the abutment flexibility and overestimates it when the stiffness of the abutments becomes higher than that of the piers. In all the case studies analyzed, the proposed method approximates the time history results better than the response spectrum.     

抓财务管理促工程建设--三峡一期工程财务管理回顾

财务管理是现代化企业管理的重要组成部分，也是三峡工程管理的重要内容。三峡工程在财务管理上提出了“两个适应”、“三个转变”、“四个树立”的指导思想和理顺财务关系，为搞好财务管理奠定了基础。三峡工程筹集资金是财务部门的首要任务，通过三峡建设基金（增收电费）、落实国家开发银行贷款、发行企业债券和利用外汇储备贷款，形成了以三峡建设基金和国家开发银行贷款为主渠道的资金来源。在财务管理中规范管理行为、提高人员素质、加强电算化管理和会计监督工作是十分重要的。     

宁夏黄河经济及其非均衡协调发展战略

宁夏黄河经济应是宁夏区域经济,发展宁夏黄河经济必须立足于宁夏黄河资源的开发。广义而言,黄河资源基本上是宁夏全部的国土资源.其开发模式应由过去的单一开发、浅层开发向综合开发、深度开发转换。同时要注重以水利建设为突破口,以水利、农业两大基础产业为重点,煤—电—高耗能系列开发、灌溉—农业—轻工业系列开发、教育—人才—信息系列开发三大主导方向并行。发展宁夏黄河经济,应选择具有优势的部门和地区实行重点开发,使其优先增长,以此辐射带动整个区域的发展。     

黄河中游多沙粗沙区水沙控制途径的探讨

根据黄河中游多沙粗区暴雨洪水及产流产沙特点，提出了为控制水沙危害，黄河中游治理应分两步走的战略。第一步解决近期水沙控制和耕地问题，主要措施是建设淤地坝和骨干坝。研究表明，在现状坝地，梯田条件下，为满足粮食生产需要，每平方公里需新增坝地３．１８ｈａ，且能港口控制水沙的要求。第二步是进行坡面治理，改善生态环境，以达到根治水沙的目的。     

珠江口盆地(西部)早第三纪古环境分析

珠江口盆地(西部)早第三纪的古环境变迁与盆地的形成及演化紧密相关。早第三纪盆地演化经历了4个阶段。第一阶段,盆地早期拉张,以粗粒沉积物沉积为主,部分地域发育小湖盆。第二阶段,盆地稳定下沉,是富营养性湖泊的鼎盛期,形成优质湖相烃源岩。第三阶段,湖盆萎缩,煤系沼泽发育,形成湖相和煤系两类重要烃源岩。第四阶段,古湖泊消亡,海水漫进,滨浅海砂岩体发育,形成油气勘探的有利目的层。     

三峡永久船闸人字门启闭机设计

三峡永久船闸人字门具有运行边界条件复杂，运行水头和淹没水深巨大的特点。在我国大型船闸上采用液压机构操作人字闸门尚属首次。通过分析人字门运行动水阻力矩的大小和变化规律，研究人字门液压启闭机构的运行方式及整体稳定等关键技术，对永久船闸人字六门启闭机构设备进行了一系列的设计优化。对船闸的安全运行和经济效益有着重要意义，亦对今后我国高水头船闸启闭设备的设计和应用提供参考。     

Flood frequency and routing processes at a confluence of the middle Yellow River in China

Floods cause environmental hazards and influence on socio‐economic activities. In this study, we evaluated the historic flood frequency at a confluence in the middle Yellow River, China. A non‐parametric, multivariate, empirical, orthogonal function matrix model, which consists of time correlation coefficients of flood discharge at different gauge stations and flood events was used for the analysis of flood frequency. The model addresses the characteristics of confluent floods such as frequency and the probability in multiple tributary rivers. Flood frequency analysis is often coupled with studies of hydrological routing processes that reduce the flood capacity of the rivers. Flood routing to the confluence were simulated using kinematic wave theory. Results of this flood frequency analysis showed that flooding frequency has intensified in the past 500 years, especially during the 19th century. Flooding in streams above the confluence was more frequent than in streams below the confluence. Over the last 2000 years, concurrent flooding in multiple tributary rivers accounted for 67.5% of the total flooding in the middle Yellow River. Simulation of flood routing processes shows that the decreased flooding capacity and elevated river bed of the shrunken main channel leads to an increased flood wave propagation time (24–52.3 h) in the study area after 1995. The model indicates that human activities, such as constructions of the Sanmenxia Dam, have changed flood routing boundary conditions and have contributed to the increased flood frequency at the confluence. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

乌江渡水电站扩建工程开挖爆破对原水电站建筑物震动影响的控制研究

为确保原有的乌江渡水电站水工建筑物和发电设备以及扩建工程建筑物的施工安全,加快扩建工程施工进度,本扩建工程施工中对关键部位开挖所产生的爆破震动影响实施全面而有效的实时爆破监控,并根据监控成果的研究指导开挖爆破作业,以确定符合实际的安全爆破震动参数。     

黄河小浪底郑州集中控制系统的实现

黄河小浪底郑州集中控制系统将多个相互联系的不同专业领域子系统有机地连接成一个整体。文中介绍了该系统的硬件配置和主要功能,并简单介绍了该系统所采用的网络安全措施。