四川盆地碳酸盐岩裂缝预测的新方法

本文提出了碳酸盐岩裂缝性储层的一种新评价方法——古构造应力场数值模拟法。在模拟的基础上,本文探讨了不同性质应力场的特征及其对裂缝发育的控制作用,总结了应力场特征与构造形迹的关系进而提出了预测裂缝发育区带的一些基本原则与方法,为优选探井井位、提高裂缝钻遇率、降低勘探成本提供了科学的地质依据。     

东濮盆地下第三系沙河街组湖泊沉积中的痕迹化石组合特征

东濮盆地下第三系沙河街组湖泊沉积中的痕迹化石丰富.在所观察的十几口取芯井段中共采得痕迹化石14属19种,可归入六个组合.1)Skolithos SP.2—Muensteria SP.1组合,反映滨浅湖沉积和三角洲前缘沉积中的痕迹化石面貌;2)Arenicolites SP.—Skolithos SP.1组合,是水下扇中扇区席状砂沉积中的痕迹化石组合;3)Skolithos SP.3组合,是水下分流河道砂体中特有的痕迹化石组合:4)TrichichnusSP.——Muensteria SP.2——Gordia SP.组合,产于三角洲远端坝或水下扇席状砂沉积中;5)Helminthopsis SP.——Cruziana problematica——细分枝痕迹组合,反映了前三角洲至深湖泥岩中的痕迹化石特征;6)Chondrites SP.2组合,是咸化深湖沉积中特有的组合.     

河流健康诊断与生态修复

河流生态修复的总体目标是恢复河流健康，实现人与河流的和谐共存。从河流系统诸功能与河流健康之间的关系出发。分析了河流系统平衡的特征和影响因素，初步建立了河流健康诊断指标体系。根据河流受损功能、受损程度及其可修复性。提出了不同阶段河流治理和生态修复的对策。目前采用的主要技术包括：缓冲区修复、植被恢复、河道补水、生物-生态修复、生境修复、水生生物群落修复技术等。河流生态修复是一个多目标、多变量、多层次、多约束条件的动态优化问题，需要因地制宜、全面考虑、科学决策。     

MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR 2-D TIDAL FLOW AND WATER QUALITY WITH ORTHOGONAL CURVILINEAR COORDINATES

1 .　INTRODUCTIONThedischargeofpollutedwaterisbecominganincreasingthreattotheresourcesintidalareas.Thenumericalsimulatingthe 2 Dtidalflowandwaterqualityisthebasisofwaterresource plan ningandmanagement.Inrecentyears,althoughconsiderableattentionhasbeenfocusedonthisproblem ,thecomputationaldifficultiesinnaturaltidalriversremaintobeabigproblem ,suchasthecomplicatedboundaryconfigurations ,the greatdisparitybetweenlengthandwidth ,etc .Inthefollowing ,a 2 Dnumericalmodelbasedonthealternating…     

Durban's Newest Water Resource - The Inanda Dam

The Inanda Dam is one of a series of reservoirs constructed to utilize the water resources of the Umgeni River, which rises in the Natal midlands and reaches the Indian Ocean at Durban, South Africa. The structure exploits the local topography and geology, with mass concrete founded on the granite forming the right bank and river bed, and a clay core earth embankment on the weaker left bank. Due to high ambient temperatures, the placing temperature of the concrete had to be controlled to avoid crack formation. Mix designs were modified by the addition of blast-furnace slag, and the mix water was cooled using liquid nitrogen to reduce the placing temperature of the concrete. Major floods also occurred, and although they caused little damage to the structure itself serious damage was sustained by the existing water-supply infrastructure, resulting in a review of the operational strategy of the system. The reservoir is to be operated initially as a river regulator with downstream abstraction. However, in order to provide additional security, a tunnel aqueduct linking the reservoir directly to the water-treatment works is under construction.     

四川盆地及其周缘下二叠统细－粗晶自云岩成因探讨

四川盆地及其周缘地区下二叠统碳酸盐岩中，不同程度地发育着一些细晶至粗晶白云岩和白云质灰岩，前人将其解释为淡水透镜体混合白云石化的产物。根据野外及室内薄片观察，并结合阴极发光、碳氧稳定同位素、地球化学分析、包体均一温度和有序度的综合研究，认为这类白云岩主要是由埋藏白云石化作用形成的。     

塔北隆起井下巴楚组及东河砂岩段的时代

通过塔北隆起井下巴楚组与地面巴楚组建立对比关系，认为井下巴楚组三层序的时代为早石炭世杜内期，相当于地面巴楚组上段至卡拉沙依组全部和小海子组底部，而地面巴楚组时代为早石炭世杜内期早期；东河砂岩段应归属上泥盆统。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部中生界成岩圈闭

本文在前人工作的基础上，从成岩后生作用入手，探讨了鄂尔多斯分轩南部中生界成岩圈闭特征，成因机制及其形成阶段，油藏边、底部形成的致密遮挡对油气起到封闭作用，也会影响开发过程中边水能量的补充，还关系到注水井网的部署，是油田勘探开发中值得注意的问题。     

Outstanding problems in river regulation

Integrated river basin management has been the backcloth against which river regulation has been practiced in England and Wales for the past 14 years. Its success is reviewed and the forthcoming changes in legislation are critically examined. A number of problems facing the emergent National Rivers Authority are discussed. The need for co-operation rather than conflict is advocated wherever environment is to be protected and when competing pressures impact on river resources. A number of technical issues remain unresolved and the need for continuing work is recognized.     

江汉盆地樊参1井二元脂肪酸的色谱质谱特征及地球化学意义初探

通过对江汉盆地潜江凹樊参１井不同层位暗色泥岩的分析发现，二元脂肪酸在荆河镇组，潜江组普遍存在，其碳数分布范围为Ｃ９－Ｃ２３，主峰碳数多为Ｃ１５和Ｃ１６。与一元脂肪酸的特征不同，二元脂肪酸不具偶碳优势特征，而且在垂向上也没有变化。进一步分析得知：二元脂肪酸的前身物是植物碎屑，其成烃机理为二元脂肪酸在强还原环境下加氢醇化脱水形成相同碳数的一元脂肪酸，然后一元脂肪酸再进一步转化为正烷烃。