基于组合赋权的湖泊健康评价物元分析模型

湖泊生态系统的健康是人与自然和谐相处及可持续发展理念的重要体现。通过建立湖泊健康评价物元分析模型,并改进其指标权重的计算,以离差平方和准则将层次分析法、熵值法及主成分分析法3种赋权方法取得的权重结合得到最优组合赋权,应用到某地5个湖泊进行湖泊健康评价。根据当地湖泊具体情况,选取12个详细指标建立评价体系与评价标准,通过模型计算得出结果显示5个湖泊中4个湖泊评价结果为优,一个评价结果为良,湖泊总体健康状况良好。因此该模型用于湖泊健康评价是非常有效的。     

A fuzzy neural network approach for online fault detection in waste water treatment process

In this paper, an effective strategy for fault detection of sludge volume index (SVI) sensor is proposed and tested on an experimental hardware setup in waste water treatment process (WWTP). The main objective of this fault detection strategy is to design a system which consists of the online sensors, the SVI predicting plant and fault diagnosis method. The SVI predicting plant is designed utilizing a fuzzy neural network (FNN), which is trained by a historical set of data collected during fault-free operation of WWTP. The fault diagnosis method, based on the difference between the measured concentration values and FNN predictions, allows a quick revealing of the faults. Then this proposed fault detection method is applied to a real WWTP and compared with other approaches. Experimental results show that the proposed fault detection strategy can obtain the fault signals of the SVI sensor online.     

Marsh筒法量化评价水泥与减水剂流变学相容性的探讨

从流变学角度阐述了Marsh筒试验参数的物理意义,并提出用5min流动性能系数K1、λmin（λ〉5）流动性能系数K2、流动性能经时损失系数K3及流变学相容性指数α来定量评价水泥与减水剂相容性的优劣。     

云南蒋家沟黏性泥石流输沙的涨落特征

间歇性阵流是山区小流域发生的黏性泥石流活动的基本形式,其输沙特性表现出一定的间歇性和涨落特性,其涨落可达均值的2~4个数量级。利用Hurst指数分析了蒋家沟近50年的数千阵泥石流观测资料,发现间歇性阵流的流量、径流量、输沙量序列的Hurst指数均大于0.5,说明序列具有一定程度的长程关联性。同时,对比阵流序列与洪峰序列,发现泥石流阵流的长程关联性强于洪峰序列。另一方面,输沙量的累积百分比均满足统一的指数分布形式:P(S)=CS~(-μ)exp(-S/S_c),其中μ越大意味着序列中输沙量较小的阵次越多;S_c表示的是阵流输沙的涨落情况,即S_c越大,阵流输沙的涨落越大。     

黄河下游高含沙洪水河床形态及调控指标

利用水库调控高含沙洪水是维持黄河下游主槽不萎缩的重要途径。基于黄河下游实测高含沙洪水冲淤特性的分析,按流量大小对高含沙洪水进行了分类,提出了黄河下游高含沙洪水的分类调控思路及相应的调控指标。大漫滩高含沙洪水,在满足黄河下游防洪要求的前提下,控制洪峰流量大于1.5倍的平滩流量,来沙系数在0.012~0.04 kg·s/m~6范围内。一般高含沙洪水,控制黄河下游洪水流量接近平滩流量,并尽可能控制来沙系数在临界值附近。高含沙小洪水,控制黄河下游洪水流量在2 500 m~3/s以下,洪水沙量小于2亿t。高含沙洪水经过分类调控后,可较大限度地利用滩地淤沙、主槽输沙能力排沙及花园口以上较大的主槽库容滞沙,维持或提高黄河下游主槽过流能力。     

促进三峡库区和谐稳定发展评价方法研究

三峡库区已完成了百万移民的搬迁安置,进入了移民安稳致富的新阶段,库区社会和谐稳定对促进库区经济社会健康发展和实现全面建成小康社会的目标具有重要作用。本研究重点关注和谐库区建设思路及评价指标体系构建:一方面,从理论层面,重点论述与库区和谐社会相关的理论认识成果;另一方面,从实际管理运用层面,构建了库区和谐评价指标体系,可为移民动态管理提供有力的技术支撑。     

基于模糊物元法的黑龙江干流区生态健康评价

针对受堤防建设影响的黑龙江干流地区,基于压力-状态-响应(PSR)模型构建了流域生态健康评价体系;利用层次分析法和模糊物元理论建立了流域生态健康模糊物元评价模型,并应用到黑龙江干流行政区的生态健康评价中。结果表明,漠河县、黑河市区、同江市区和抚远县干扰前的生态健康评价值为0.679 3,0.728 3,0.731 4,0.755 8,干扰后为0.602 3,0.580 5,0.611 7,0.722 6;漠河县生态健康等级保持"亚健康",黑河市区和同江市区的生态健康等级降为"亚健康",抚远县生态健康等级保持"健康"。同时,4个评价单元对应的生态受损程度分别为11.34%,20.29%,16.37%和4.39%。此外,根据评价指标体系综合分析了4个县市存在的生态健康问题,提出了4县市生态环境保护应采取的措施。     

提高100%无烟煤煅烧熟料早期强度的探索

1997年投产的国内首条100%燃无烟煤生产线——龙岩三德2000t/d熟料线的熟料3d强度一直偏低,平均仅为25.5MPa(新标准)。通过对3d强度因素及其相关性分析,排序为w(C2S)>熟料KH值>生料细度>入窑生料的w(Al2O3)。在此基础上,提出了调整配比,提高煤粉和生料细度质量指标以及提高石灰石和燃煤质量等一系列技术措施。     

Garbage collection of multi-version indexed data on flash memory

Maintaining a multi-version index on flash memory could generate a lot of updates and invalid pages. It is important to have an efficient garbage collection mechanism to ensure the flash memory has sufficient number of free blocks for storing new data versions and their index structures. In this paper, we study the important performance issues in using the purging-range query to reclaim the blocks, which are storing old data versions and invalid index entries, to be free blocks. To reduce the cost for processing the purging-range query, we propose the physical block labeling (PBL) scheme to provide a better estimation on the purging version number to be used for purging old data versions. To further enhance the performance of the garbage collection process, and at the same time to maximize the deadspans of data versions and balance the wear levels of the blocks, we propose two schemes called, the sequential placement (SQ) and frequency-based placement (FBP), for placing new data versions into free pages. As illustrated in the performance studies, both SQ and FBP can effectively balance the wear levels of the blocks. The deadspans of data versions are longer under FBP than both SQ and RR, and the page reallocation cost is also lower under FBP especially when the size of flash memory allocated for the database is limited. The experimental results also illustrate that PBL can effectively minimize the number of invocations of the purging-range query to be one to reclaim the required number of blocks in each garbage collection.     

用两个形状指数表征粉煤灰颗粒形貌的研究

引用两个形状指数表征颗粒形状的概念,即先将颗粒形状近似为椭圆,再将椭圆图像分离:以圆为基准的颗粒宏观形状指数δ;以光滑椭圆为基准的颗粒轮廓凹凸度,即微观形状指数ζ。分析和发展了近似椭圆模型。并运用图像分析仪对粉煤灰、水泥样品进行实验。结果表明,粉煤灰颗粒的两个形状指数δ和ζ都大于水泥颗粒。证明粉煤灰颗粒的球形度、表面光滑度优于水泥,而且,随着粒径增大,δ和ζ呈下降趋势,表明磨制颗粒越粗。(?)粒形状越不规则。文中还运用近似椭圆模型再现了颗粒的模拟图像。