浅谈发展节水灌溉，保持文峪河灌区的可持续发展

文峪河灌区水资源严重短缺，用水供需矛盾日益突出，经济效益呈逐年下降趋势。为此，发展节水灌溉，发挥水资源的最大效益，对于保持灌区经济的良性运行和可持续发展是必要的，也是势在必行的。     

潇河灌区渠系改造节水效益评析

潇河灌区经过近 5 0年的运行 ,渠系建筑物老化破损严重 ,灌溉水利用率极低。通过实施渠系改造工程 ,渠系水利用率由 0 .485提高到 0 .6 3,年节水量 70 4万m3,增加灌溉面积 8.6万亩次 ,节水效果明显 ,经济效益显著 ,保障了灌区的可持续发展     

井内换热器和回灌的地热水供热系统

强调了地热水利用中应注意的问题，比较了两种地热水利用方式的优缺点，介绍了使用回灌井和井内换热器的新型地热水供热系统，对解决地热水浪费问题和可持续发展地热供热事业具有现实意义。     

扬水灌区灌溉用水量浅析

通过对运城地区大中型扬水站1984－1999年亩用水量统计分析，提出大中型泵站应综合灌芡产业结构调整和实际灌溉情况，并考虑1997年的旱情，对各站进行规模复核，对有富余供水能力又有发展条件的泵站，建议进行扩大灌区规模设计，以便充分发挥现有工程设施的作用。对规划灌区，要充分考虑农村产业结构调整，及已成灌区亩毛用水量，建议灌溉建设保证率取50％。     

节水灌溉工程建设中的若干问题的思考

本文就节水灌溉工程建设的长远规划，节水灌溉工程的类型选择和节水工程建设与农民增收问题进行了研究和探讨，旨在为未来节水灌溉事业的健康发展提供有益的参考。     

洛惠渠灌区渠道衬砌现状与思考

通过陕西关中洛惠渠灌区渠道衬砌现状及存在的问题 ,总结性的提出了今后渠道防渗工作中应注意的问题与措施     

Evaluating Regional Solutions to Salinization and Waterlogging in an Irrigated River Valley

Potential solutions to high soil salinity levels and waterlogging problems are investigated on a regional scale using calibrated finite-difference flow and mass transport modeling for a portion of the Lower Arkansas River Valley in Colorado. A total of 38 alternatives incorporating varying degrees of recharge reduction, canal seepage reduction, subsurface drainage installation, and pumping volume increases are modeled over three irrigation seasons (1999–2001). Six performance indicators are used to evaluate the effectiveness of these alternatives in improving agroecological conditions, compared to existing conditions. Predicted average regional decrease in water table elevation (as great as 1.93 m over the irrigation season) is presented for selected alternatives, as well as the spatial mapping of results. Decrease in soil salinity concentration (with regional and seasonal average reduction as high as 950 mg/L) is also predicted and mapped. Estimated groundwater salinity changes, reduction in total salt loading to the river, increase in average regional crop yield, and changes in net water consumption indicate the potential for marked regional-scale enhancements to the irrigation-stream-aquifer system.     

灌区稻田控制排水对排水量及盐分影响的试验研究

宁夏银南灌区每年从黄河引水约16亿m3,其中超过一半的水量以排水形式退回黄河或湖泊湿地。监测数据显示目前排水的含盐量较低，排水过量现象严重，不仅导致了水资源的浪费，而且加剧了黄河及湖泊湿地的污染。造成这种现象的主要原因之一是现有灌区排水系统能力过剩。本文介绍了在该灌区水稻田进行的一项控制排水试验，研究了在生长期内抬高排水沟出口对田间排水和盐分变化的影响。试验结果表明，将深度为1m的排水农沟控制到60cm时，生长期内农沟地下排水量减少了50%左右。排水量减少后，田间地下水含盐量增长幅度仅为3.7%，远远低于影响作物生长的临界含盐量。因此，控制排水措施具有节约灌溉用水和减少农业非点源污染的重要意义。     

Irrigation Hydrology: Crossing Scales

Hydrology is the science concerned with distribution, circulation, and properties of water of the earth and its atmosphere, across the full range of time and space scales. Subject matter ranges widely from chemical and physical properties to the relation of water to living things. Irrigation hydrology is constrained to analysis of irrigated ecosystems in which water storage, applications, or drainage volumes are artificially controlled in the landscape and the spatial domain of processes varies from micrometers to tens of kilometers while the temporal domain spans from seconds to centuries. The continuum science of irrigation hydrology includes the surface, subsurface (unsaturated and groundwater systems), atmospheric, and plant subsystems. How do we scale up highly nonlinear physical, chemical, and biological processes understood at natural scales to macro- and mega-scales at which we measure and manage irrigated agroecosystems? How do we measure, characterize, and include natural heterogeneity in scaling nonlinear processes? In this paper, we discuss scaling issues and related research opportunities in irrigation hydrology with the hope of helping the irrigation-drainage engineering/science profession better address scaling problems in formulating designs affecting irrigated ecosystems.     

我省节水农业的技术体系与发展思路

本文论述了我省节水农业的重大战略意义，并提出出了节水灌溉技术体系和发展思路。