基于Jason-2测高数据的新西兰陶波湖水位变化监测

为研究新西兰陶波湖水位变化情况,应用水位实测数据评价Jason-2卫星测高数据获取的湖泊水位精度,分析2008年12月至2015年11月陶波湖的水位变化,并进一步探讨水位变化与降水量之间的关系。结果表明,卫星测高数据得到的湖泊水位可信度较高,7年来陶波湖平均水位为356.6m,总体较为平稳,波动不大。受降水、气温、积雪融水等多方面因素的影响,陶波湖春季水位最高,夏季其次,冬季再次,秋季水位最低。陶波湖的水位变化与降水量有明显的相关关系,滞后3个月的降水对水位影响最为显著,且在年尺度上,年平均水位变化与年降水变化统一。     

试论淮河实施河湖分离的必要性及可行方案

针对长期以来人们只认知洪泽湖的几十亿立方米防洪调蓄能力,却漠视它的河湖串阻力及其一级尾闾地位的情况,通过对历史洪水和有关资料的分析,初步揭示平原河湖串的危害性,由此引证进一步治理淮河实施河湖分离的必要性,并提出一种合理的河湖分离方案,以及比较可行的模拟论证方法.     

太湖底泥总磷含量特征分析

对2002年10月至2003年1月期间太湖全湖223个监测点不同深度采集的共583个底质样品测定的有机质和总磷含量数据进行了分析．分析表明,不同深度处底泥总磷含量平均值相差不大．除第六层以外,不同深度处底泥总磷含量最大值相差也不大．综合前人资料,比较可知,20世纪80年代以来太湖底泥表层沉积物总磷含量平均值变化不大,但最大值逐次增加．研究还分析了底泥总磷含量与有机质含量相关性特点．     

洞庭湖区电排站前池防渗处理措施探讨

由于特殊的地质地貌条件和水特性,在洞庭湖区电排站的前池和进水渠经常存在渗漏和管涌现象,导致电排站前池和站房出现不均匀沉陷和开裂,严重已危及到大堤的防洪保安．以屈原垸推山咀电排站为例,经过理论分析计算和不同方案的技术经济比较,推荐采用钢筋混凝土铺盖方案对前池进行加固处理．经2003年和2004年洪水的考验,防渗效果良好．     

On the Assessment of Atmospheric Deposition of Sulfur and Nitrogen Species to the Surface of Large Inland Lakes—Lake Champlain

Early work indicated that wet deposition of radioactive fallout to the water surface of a lake greatly exceeded dry, when calculated as annual averages. To test whether this result also applies to the deposition rates of soluble trace gases from the lower atmosphere, data collected at land sites near Lake Champlain have been used to estimate deposition rates to the lake itself, using an analysis of the wind speed-up factor as an intermediate step. The contribution of dry deposition of the major nitrogen and sulfur chemical species is estimated to have been less than 20% of the total atmospheric deposition. However, this result must not be extrapolated to the watershed in which Lake Champlain resides, since evidence obtained elsewhere indicates that the dry deposition contribution over the entire watershed will likely be similar to the wet. The analysis indicates that for the period from 1992 to 1997 the annual total deposition rates of oxidized nitrogen and sulfur ranged from 300 to 500 tonnes per year and 600 to 1,100 tonnes per year, respectively.     

Inflow and outflow of agricultural chemicals in Lake Biwa

The annual pesticide inputs and outputs crossing the boundary of Lake Biwa were estimated. The inputs were calculated from continuous observations in four rivers flowing into Akani Bay, and from simultaneous observations in 65 influent rivers. The annual losses of pesticide from the watershed to Lake Biwa were 1.7% for esprocarb, 4.8% for mefenacet, 2.3% for thiobencarb, 3.7% for molinate, 9.4% for simetryn and 13.0% for isoprothiolane. The outputs from the lake were estimated from weekly observations in the Seta River. The loss of pesticides discharged downstream through the Seta River, compared with the amount applied, were estimated to be 0.9% for esprocarb, 3.2% for mefenacet, 0.5% for thiobencarb, 1.3% for molinate, 10.0% for simetryn and 5.7% for isoprothiolane. Pesticide outputs generally decreased to 30–80% of the input amounts, although simetryn was retained in the lake without substantial elimination.     

羊湖电站引水隧洞施工组织与管理

羊湖电站引水隧洞长５８８３．１０３ｍ，内径２．５ｍ，海拔高程４４００ｍ以上，是目前世界上海拔最高的引水隧洞。具有海拔高、断面小、隧洞长、施工难度大等特点。本文就羊湖电站引水隧洞的施工组织与管理作一简要介绍，为在高寒缺氧地区进行隧洞施工提供一些可借鉴的经验。     

东太湖疏浚对河网环境影响的研究

在东太湖底泥富含污染物的情况下,进行环保疏浚施工实验。提出控制排泥场尾水对河网环境污染的措施,防止疏浚过程中造成地区水环境的二次污染。疏浚工程重点是防治技术的开发、评价及处理工艺的选定。