兴化湾海域泥沙特征及地形变化分析

为了查明兴化湾海域泥沙特征及地形变化,基于2013年7月份兴化湾海域水文泥沙测验资料,分析了研究区域的泥沙分布特性,并结合兴化湾深槽历年实测数据探讨了悬沙运移对其水下地形变化的影响。分析结果表明:测区含沙量较小,本次测验平均含沙量为0.062 kg/m³,大潮的平均含沙量较大,小潮的平均含沙量较小;含沙量的涨、落潮变化明显,最大含沙量多出现在最大涨急时刻附近,最小含沙量多出现在最大落急时刻附近,表明测验海域泥沙受到的扰动较小;各测点涨潮输沙率占优势,但涨、落潮输沙率绝对值都很小;研究海域泥沙随潮流往复进出,总体上为涨潮流方向,即由东南向西北运移,这与江阴壁头附近的情况相吻合,即深槽宽度不断向两侧扩展,而海底水深稳中有冲,基本处于略有冲刷的平衡状态。     

东山湾水动力数值模拟及其纳潮量和水交换周期计算

东山湾属于半封闭性海湾,水文特性具有一定的代表性。在总结水体交换能力计算方法的基础上,采用对流扩散的水交换模式,建立平面二维数学模型,利用大潮、小潮实测潮位和潮流资料对模型进行了流场的验证,计算了纳潮量,半交换期以及交换率的平面分布。计算得出,大潮和小潮时,纳潮量为9.44×10~8 m~3和5.36×10~8 m~3,半交换期为8.13 d和13.0 d以及交换率的平面分布。整个海湾交换率的平面分布表明:湾口水交换能力最强,湾中部水交换能力良好,而湾顶水交换能力较弱。对东山湾开发利用的过程中,应结合海湾的纳潮量、半交换期以及交换率的分布,合理布置排污口,充分利用海洋自净能力。     

基于IEC61850的高压线路间隔的建模研究

根据IEC61850标准利用面向对象的基本思想,概括IEC61850的技术特点及其在线路间隔建模中的体现。深入介绍了标准中核心部分的关系,分析了怎样对高压线路间隔建立遵循IEC61850标准的装置模型、内部数据对象模型,探讨了遵循IEC61850标准的建模的过程步骤,给出一些逻辑节点的建模实例。     

近60年锦州市降水趋势及变化特征分析

以锦州市1950—2010年的降水资料为基础,采用累积距平、5年滑动平均及Mann-Kendall秩次相关检验等方法,分析了锦州市60多年来降水量变化特征、空间分布及变化趋势。结果表明:锦州市降水量年内分配不均,主要集中在汛期(6—9月),占全年降水量的83.6%—86.8%;其中最大月(7月、8月)降水量占全年降水量的51.3%—53.5%;年降水量波动较大,极值比在2.82—3.81之间;年降水量总体趋势下降,但变化不显著。     

卡群电站压力前池防冰塞设计与试验研究

通过卡群电站工程实例,研究讨论了引水式电站冬季输排冰运行的条件和电站前池布局的合理性,对引水式电站前池的各关键部位,提出了具体防冰塞措施,并对SL 211-2006水工建筑物抗冰冻设计规范中的若干问题进行了讨论,供设计、研究人员参考。     

杭州湾大桥含生物气层工程特性研究

为了了解浅层气对杭州湾大桥工程的影响及制定工程对策，采用工程物探、钻探、室内模拟试验相结合的方法进行研究，得出了浅层气对打入桩基础基本无影响、无控释放对地基土扰动明显、有控制释放可消除其不和影响的结论，提出了钻孔桩基础施工前应提前采取有控制放气、成孔时加长孔口护管、加大泥浆比重、保证孔内液面高度、驱散和防止引燃从孔内溢出的气体等对策。     

辫状河相砾质砂岩储层微观特征及对产能的影响——以锦州油田为例

辫状河相砾质砂岩储层疏松、含砾、孔渗关系差、微观特征与产能关系复杂。以渤海辽东湾海域锦州油田为例,利用岩心分析化验资料、测井和DST测试资料,建立岩性定量判别标准,对砾质砂岩储层进行岩性定量识别,将其细分为常规砂岩、含砾砂岩和砂砾岩。对不同岩性储层的粒度、孔喉、泥质含量及黏土矿物等特征进行分类研究,针对各类型储层不同微观特征对产能大小的影响进行了分析,找到了粒度分选、孔喉结构以及泥质黏土矿物差异与产能大小之间的关系。     

某百万机组电厂煤仓间框架结构优化设计

以某百万机组电厂煤仓间框架结构设计为例,通过对框架结构布置形式的选择,梁柱截面尺寸的确定和框架结构配筋的优化等工作,对煤仓间框架进行了优化设计,达到了有效降低工程造价、节约投资成本的预期目的。     

剪力墙结构住宅飘窗施工方法

根据剪力墙结构住宅飘窗的特点,探讨了其施工原理,详细介绍了其工艺流程及操作要点,并就飘窗的材料及质量要求,安全与环保措施作了归纳,通过该方法施工飘窗,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。     

Phytoplankton development and ecological status during a cyanobacterial bloom in a tributary bay of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China

Reservoirs can provide suitable conditions for cyanobacterial bloom development, which may impact on water quality and biological communities. Weekly surveys in a cyanobacterial bloom process were carried out in the mainstream and Xiangxi Bay of the Three Gorges Reservoir (China), from June 6 to July 18 in 2008. By application of the phytoplankton functional group approach, the spatiotemporal pattern, impact factors, and the ecological status based on Q index (assemblage index) were analyzed. The depth of euphotic layer was apparently the key factor driving the phytoplankton functional group variations. Longitudinal patterns of phytoplankton distribution were detected during this bloom: in the beginning phase, groups D (mainly Stephanodiscus hantzschii) and B (Cyclotella stelligera) dominated in the mainstream of the Three Gorges Reservoir and the mouth area of Xiangxi Bay, group Y (Cryptomonas species) dominated in the upper area, while groups J (mainly Pediastrum duplex), F (mainly Sphaerocystis schroeteri) and G (Pandorina morum and Eudorina elegans) were important in other areas; in the mid phase, group M became absolutely dominant in the whole region; and in the ending phase, besides groups M and Y, groups X2 (Chroomonas acuta, Pyramimonas nanella, etc.) and Lo (Ceratium hirundinella) became more important in the lower and upper area respectively. Generally the ecological status was bad, temporally varied with the bloom process. No spatial difference of ecological status was found in the mainstream, while longitudinal patterns in Xiangxi Bay were detected for different phases: firstly a few sites had relatively better status than the others, then nearly all the sites were in the bad condition, and at last the status in the downstream was better than that in the upstream. The longitudinal patterns of ecological status were related to phytoplankton distribution, disturbed by jacking from the downstream and flood from the upstream of Xiangxi Bay.