一种改进拉丁方抽样免疫遗传算法*

针对遗传算法求解问题中保持群体多样性能力不足、早熟、耗时长以及求解成功率低等缺点,依据拉丁方抽样方法对遗传算法中的交叉算子进行重新设计;结合免疫机理定义染色体浓度、设计克隆选择策略,提出了一种改进拉丁方抽样免疫遗传算法。利用旅行商问题以及最大子团问题为实例对新算法进行了验证,实验结果表明新算法在解的质量、收敛速度等各项指标上均好于经典遗传算法和佳点集遗传算法,说明了新算法的优越性与可行性。     

基于非子采样Contourlet变换的遥感图像融合算法

针对人类视觉特性, 以及全色高分辨图像和多光谱遥感自身的特点, 提出一种非下采样 Contourlet (NSCT) 域的图像融合新策略. NSCT 具有好的多分辨、移不变和多方向等特性, 能对图像中的边缘和围线信息给出渐近最优表示. 为了更好地保持空间分辨率和颜色分量, 引入基于 LHS 变换的亮度成分叠加策略. 实验结果表明: 本文提出的融合方法在提高空间分辨率的同时较好地保持了光谱信息. 与传统的 PCA 方法、基于 IHS 的融合方法、基于小波加权的融合方法, 以及同样采用本文的融合策略、分别基于小波变换和基于 Contourlet 变换的融合策略相比较, 本文方法在视觉效果和客观衡量指标两方面都有所改善.     

考虑非正定相关性的改进LHS概率潮流计算方法

由于LHS(拉丁超立方采样)能较大程度覆盖采样区间,因此常作为概率潮流计算中的分层抽样方法。但随着风、光等分布式能源在电力系统中渗透率的提高,以及采样对象维度的增加,使得LHS所得样本的均匀性略显不足。同时,风、光等随机变量之间的相关性也会日趋复杂。相关矩阵作为表现随机变量之间相关性的有效方式,在矩阵维度增加时会出现非正定情况,从而导致基于Cholesky分解排序变换的概率潮流计算方法无法进行。针对上述问题,提出一种考虑风、光相关性为非正定时的改进LHS概率潮流计算方法,并利用改进的IEEE 30与IEEE 118系统验证了所提方法的准确性与有效性。     

A quantitative evaluation of reliability of passive systems within probabilistic safety assessment framework for VHTR

This article presents a quantitative evaluation of the reliability of passive systems (RoPS) within the probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) framework for very high temperature reactors (VHTR). VHTRs have unfavorable features in regard to defining a robust failure state. From the viewpoint of PSA, the evaluation of the RoPS as a part of VHTR’s PSA should carefully consider the correct status of a passive system in order to resolve these unfavorable features. This article focuses on the application of multiple states criteria to determine the status of a passive system. Two approaches, i.e., the exceedance probability (EP) model and the stress–strength interference (SSI) model were proposed for the multiple states of the system. A feasibility study has examined the basic features of the proposed approaches by using the reactor cavity cooling system (RCCS) for Korean VHTR. The primary condition for the usefulness of the proposed approaches is that sufficient information should be provided in order to determine the system strengths for the multiple states. With regard to the engineering practice, the EP approach for the multiple states can provide a practical solution concerning the evaluation of the RoPS for VHTR’s PSA.     

基于模糊点估计法的水闸渗流可靠度分析

针对水闸观测数据偏少、水闸渗流分析中会出现大量不确定因素等问题,对水闸渗流进行模糊可靠度研究。模糊点估计法能同时考虑参数的模糊性和随机性,因此将该方法应用于水闸渗流可靠度分析。考虑闸基土质参数的模糊随机性,对闸前水位、闸基土质的土粒相对密度、孔隙率、各土层的渗透系数等模糊随机变量取不同水平截集,将同一水平截集得到的参数进行组合,通过统计矩法计算了水闸的渗流模糊可靠指标。选取运行多年的水闸为例,考虑隶属度函数的不同取值界限对可靠指标的影响,建议取值界限取3。通过该方法得到止水完好时水闸渗流安全系数为2.70,可靠指标为5.597;止水破坏时,安全系数为0.98,模糊可靠指标为-0.151。其计算结果与拉丁超立方抽样法(LHS)得到的可靠度指标比较,两者基本一致,说明该方法适用于水闸渗流可靠度分析。     

微网中分布式电源容量的优化配置

微网电源容量的优化配置是进行微网规划的关键环节。文章在考虑风速、光照强度和负荷的相关性的基础上结合LHS技术生成相关性样本,论述了进行电源配置的方法和选择指标,建立了基于全寿命周期成本和供电可靠性的数学评价模型。初始数据为某地区的全年小时光照风速温度和小时负荷,利用多种群遗传算法对模型进行求解,得出配置情况。不同的可靠性指标也会得出不同的配置结果和成本。     

基于Curvelet多尺度几何分解的快速LHS多传感器图像融合

为了解决IHS变换在多光谱和高分辨遥感图像融合中存在的光谱失真等问题,提出一种基于Curvelet多尺度几何分解的快速LHS融合算法.该算法采用快速LHS变换以更好地保持图像的色彩,并进一步改进运行速度;引入第二代Cur-velet多尺度几何分解则更有效地捕获图像中方向性的几何结构信息,并基于非平均分布间隔快速Fourier变换加快Curvelet的实现速度.实验结果表明:本文的图像融合算法在图像质量和运行速度上都获得了改进,融合图像具有较理想的空域和光谱分辨率,优于传统IHS变换、PCA,以及相应的小波变换结合快速LHS的融合结果.     

LHS-MC与Copula函数在洪水漫坝率计算中的应用

综合考虑洪峰与洪量双变量,提出了基于LHS-MC与Copula函数及三点式变倍比放大法的洪水漫坝率计算方法,计算了HYT水电站加固前后的洪水漫坝率,同时分析了洪量选择和风浪作用对结果造成的影响.结果表明,HYT水电站加固后有效提高了大坝的抗洪能力,且在漫坝率的计算中洪量选择和风浪作用均应计入考虑.可见所提方法具有较强的...     

Performance analysis of a latent heat storage system with phase change material for new designed solar collectors in greenhouse heating

The continuous increase in the level of greenhouse gas emissions and the rise in fuel prices are the main driving forces behind the efforts for more effectively utilize various sources of renewable energy. In many parts of the world, direct solar radiation is considered to be one of the most prospective sources of energy. In this study, the thermal performance of a phase change thermal storage unit is analyzed and discussed. The storage unit is a component of ten pieced solar air collectors heating system being developed for space heating of a greenhouse and charging of PCM. CaCl₂6H₂O was used as PCM in thermal energy storage with a melting temperature of 29 °C. Hot air delivered by ten pieced solar air collector is passed through the PCM to charge the storage unit. The stored heat is utilized to heat ambient air before being admitted to a greenhouse. This study is based on experimental results of the PCM employed to analyze the transient thermal behavior of the storage unit during the charge and discharge periods. The proposed size of collectors integrated PCM provided about 18–23% of total daily thermal energy requirements of the greenhouse for 3–4 h, in comparison with the conventional heating device.