一种LS-SVM在线式短时交通流预测方法

针对最小二乘支持向量机用于短时交通流在线预测时存在的计算复杂性问题,结合短交通流观测数据的特点,提出了一种最小二乘支持向量机在线式短时交通流预测算法。通过改进最小二乘支持向量机模型结构风险形式,消除了模型中的偏置项,从而简化了在线学习过程中Lagrange乘子的求解过程,利用训练数据集滑动时间窗口的移动来控制新样本的加入和旧样本的移除,通过线性运算即可求得由训练样本集的更新而引起Lagrange乘子的变化量,进而完成预测模型的在线更新。仿真结果表明,相对于已有算法,所提算法在保证预测精度的条件下,具有更低的计算复杂度,能够将在线模型更新时间平均降低了约62.64%。     

基于沃尔泰拉级数的模拟电路组合故障诊断法

针对模拟电路的固有复杂性及其传统故障检测方法延时大和正确识别率低的问题,借鉴基于隐马尔科夫模型改进最小二乘支持向量机以及Volterra级数原理,将二者组合进行故障诊断。该方法首先采用Volterra级数频域核对电路故障特征进行提取,再利用经隐马尔科夫模型改进的最小二乘支持向量机进行模态分类,最终完成故障诊断。仿真结果表明,与目前使用的BP神经网络诊断方法和LSSVM诊断方法相比,该方法不仅提高了系统故障辨识能力,还提高了系统故障诊断的速度。     

基于双自适应AIS-PSO的瓦斯浓度软测量模型

为解决煤矿单传感器瓦斯浓度预测精度不足的问题,将自适应人工免疫系统(AIS)与自适应粒子群(PSO)相结合,建立多参数并行双自适应AIS-PSO算法的瓦斯浓度软测量模型。通过分析煤矿井下环境参数对瓦斯浓度监测的影响,将矿井下温度及风速等环境参数作为软测量模型输入,上隅角瓦斯浓度作为模型输出。利用并行双自适应AIS-PSO算法对最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)的核参数σ和正则化参数γ进行寻优,并与PSO-LSSVM、LS-SVM结果进行对比。结果表明:PSO-LSSVM平均相对误差为5.5083%,LS-SVM平均相对误差为8.6883%,并行双自适应AIS-PSO软测量模型的平均相对误差为2.0165%,最小相对误差为1.194%,与另两种方法相比具有较高的预测精度和泛化能力。     

基于自适应LS-SVM的雷达T/R组件热管冷却故障诊断系统设计

传统雷达T/R组件热管冷却故障诊断系统受到表面振动信号干扰,存在诊断精度较差的问题,针对该问题,提出了基于自适应LS-SVM的雷达T/R组件热管冷却故障诊断系统设计。根据雷达T/R组件热管冷却工作原理,设计该故障检测系统的结构和功能,其中系统设备是由数字化收发芯片、VXI总线多DSP并行处理模块、控制电路和故障诊断电路构成的,通过数字化收发芯片,产生相应脉冲压缩雷达信号,采用TMS302VC5409型号芯片设计的DSP并行处理模型,对缺少上拉电阻的中断输入口设置多个引脚,将信号由电缆传送至驱动电路中,达到雷达波束控制目的。采用霍尔元件对电路进行诊断,经过故障样本特征提取,引用自适应加权 LS-SVM,确定故障类型,根据诊断流程,完成故障诊断系统设计。通过实验结果可知,该系统最低诊断精度也可达到92%以上,为雷达稳定运行提供支持。     

一种使用机器学习方法的数字水印算法

针对目前数字水印算法存在的不足,本文将离散小波变换和奇异值分解相结合,提出了一种基于机器学习的图像数字水印算法.首先将载体图像进行一级小波变换,提取其低频子带图像对其进行4×4分块处理,然后对每一分块进行奇异值分解后嵌入水印,并提取特征向量用于最小二乘支持向量机的训练,训练好的最小二乘支持向量机用于自适应最大水印嵌入强度的计算以及水印的盲提取.实验选取三张512×512的标准测试图像以及64×64的二值水印图像对算法的透明性与鲁棒性进行测试.实验结果证明,图像具有很好的透明性,PSNR达到了63.71dB,针对旋转、剪切、JPEG压缩、高斯噪声等常规攻击手段时,算法能保持较强的鲁棒性.     

基于LS-SVM模糊推理的谷氨酸发酵过程流加控制*

针对发酵过程发酵阶段具有模糊性的特点,提出了采用最小二乘支持向量机(least square support vector machines, LS-SVM)提取并简化模糊规则的推理优化控制方法。利用能够在线测量的物理量,如CO2生成速率和NH3的添加量等,在线判定发酵过程所处的阶段,然后依据加权平均的方法确定各个时刻葡萄糖的流加策略,完成了对分段连续流加补料的稳定控制。通过实际应用,证明了该方法的有效性。     

一种曲面拟合图像边缘特征提取算法

针对传统最小二乘支持向量回归函数曲面拟合边缘特征提取算法推广性差的问题,提出首先在模糊特征平面对图像进行模糊去噪增强,使图像各种边缘信息凸显,弱化非边缘信息;然后对图像进行最小二乘支持向量回归函数曲面拟合,对拟合函数求导确定边缘.在对每个点采用相同惩罚因子时,保证了图像中每一像素的邻域最佳函数拟合.仿真实验表明,该算法边缘提取质量清晰细致,效果较好,且各种参数的选择不需人为调节,适合图像预处理阶段应用.     

Clustering technique-based least square support vector machine for EEG signal classification

This paper presents a new approach called clustering technique-based least square support vector machine (CT-LS-SVM) for the classification of EEG signals. Decision making is performed in two stages. In the first stage, clustering technique (CT) has been used to extract representative features of EEG data. In the second stage, least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) is applied to the extracted features to classify two-class EEG signals. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, several experiments have been conducted on three publicly available benchmark databases, one for epileptic EEG data, one for mental imagery tasks EEG data and another one for motor imagery EEG data. Our proposed approach achieves an average sensitivity, specificity and classification accuracy of 94.92%, 93.44% and 94.18%, respectively, for the epileptic EEG data; 83.98%, 84.37% and 84.17% respectively, for the motor imagery EEG data; and 64.61%, 58.77% and 61.69%, respectively, for the mental imagery tasks EEG data. The performance of the CT-LS-SVM algorithm is compared in terms of classification accuracy and execution (running) time with our previous study where simple random sampling with a least square support vector machine (SRS-LS-SVM) was employed for EEG signal classification. We also compare the proposed method with other existing methods in the literature for the three databases. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can produce a better classification rate than the previous reported methods and takes much less execution time compared to the SRS-LS-SVM technique. The research findings in this paper indicate that the proposed approach is very efficient for classification of two-class EEG signals.     

Off-line signature verification based on grey level information using texture features

A method for conducting off-line handwritten signature verification is described. It works at the global image level and measures the grey level variations in the image using statistical texture features. The co-occurrence matrix and local binary pattern are analysed and used as features. This method begins with a proposed background removal. A histogram is also processed to reduce the influence of different writing ink pens used by signers. Genuine samples and random forgeries have been used to train an SVM model and random and skilled forgeries have been used for testing it. Results are reasonable according to the state-of-the-art and approaches that use the same two databases: MCYT-75 and GPDS-100 Corpuses. The combination of the proposed features and those proposed by other authors, based on geometric information, also promises improvements in performance.     

基于近似熵测度的变权组合预测方法

提出一种基于近似熵测度的变权组合预测方法.首先,不同于传统的预测效果评价准则,从衡量样本序列复杂性的角度出发,以预测值误差序列的近似熵测度为评价效果准则,建立变权组合预测优化模型;然后,在变权组合预测权值分配问题上,为克服常规的均值估计法和回归分析法的不足,采用在线最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)回归法,实现预测点加权系数的准确预测;最后,通过实例表明了该方法的可行性和有效性.