TLA湖沥青改性沥青的性能研究

从特立尼达湖沥青（TLA）对基质沥青的改性试验出发,分析说明掺加湖沥青可以改善基质沥青的性能;通过对比试验表明,随着湖沥青添加量的增大,改性沥青的针入度、软化点等基本物理性能以及高、低温稳定性都有了明显的改善。     

新繁东湖园林考——现新繁东湖不是唐代园林是清代园林

通过对新繁东湖、李德裕、三贤堂以及新繁县治变迁的考证和探讨,论证虽然在宋代新繁县曾经有过远近知名的卫公堂、三贤堂和东湖,但是现在的新繁东湖却不是宋代文人在卫公堂记中所说的东湖。今天的新繁东湖是清代县令程祥栋在同治三年根据文献记载而新建的东湖因树园,并为记载此事撰写《东湖因树园记》。另外,据地方志记载,原新繁县城明末被毁(当时四川有一大批县城被毁),清康熙时期在今址重建,也旁证新繁东湖不是唐代园林,而是清代园林。     

不可能的关系评南京中国国际建筑艺术实践展“4号住宅”

文章介绍了张雷的新作品“4号住宅（碉堡）”,它是对建筑主体如何“消失”的一次演示,这一行为也是对2008年中国国际建筑艺术实践展（CIPEA）项目出现某种转型的回应。     

湖山型旅游度假区控制性详细规划编制研究

浙江省作为我国经济发展的前沿和旅游大省,近年来度假区建设遍地开花。作为指导开发建设重要依据的控制性详细规划则存在明显的缺失和不利,开发与保护的矛盾日益突出。文章以千岛湖界首区块为例,深入分析了湖山型旅游度假区控规在编制过程中所面临的主要问题,探求具有现实应用性的编制方法,提出了"分区控制+分类引导"的指标体系;"分幅图则+模式导引"表达方式;以及三个"两个"(用地范围、用地界线、地块指标)的指标内容。     

Short-term bacterial community composition dynamics in response to accumulation and breakdown of Microcystis blooms

Short-term bacterial community composition (BCC) dynamics in response to accumulation and breakdown of Microcystis blooms were examined by conducting in situ mesocosm experiments with varying levels of Microcystis sp. biomass, ranging from 15 to 3217 μg/L as measured by chlorophyll-a concentration in the freshwater water column. The BCC was assessed by means of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of 16S ribosomal RNA genes followed by cloning and sequencing of selected samples. The results showed that the composition of both free-living and particle-attached bacterial communities changed during the accumulation and breakdown phases of a Microcystis bloom, and differences were also evident with different levels of Microcystis biomass. The relative abundance of bacteria affiliated with Micrococcineae and Legionellales increased in general after amendment with Microcystis. Significant correlation between the relative abundance of Micrococcineae and breakdown of Microcystis biomass was also observed. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the changes in the free-living and particle-attached bacterial community were mostly related to the changes in the concentrations of chlorophyll-a, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH, which were mainly induced by the breakdown of Microcystis biomass. Overall, our study revealed the following: i) accumulation of Microcystis blooms and their breakdown have strong impacts on bacterial community composition; ii) there might be saprophytic association between Micrococcineae and decomposition of Microcystis biomass; iii) it is necessary to reveal potential associations between Legionellales organisms and Microcystis blooms in eutrophic freshwater lakes.     

Composition of bacterial and archaeal communities in freshwater sediments with different contamination levels (Lake Geneva, Switzerland)

The aim of this study was to compare the composition of bacterial and archaeal communities in contaminated sediments (Vidy Bay) with uncontaminated sediments (Ouchy area) of Lake Geneva using 16S rRNA clone libraries. Sediments of both sites were analysed for physicochemical characteristics including porewater composition, organic carbon, and heavy metals. Results show high concentrations of contaminants in sediments from Vidy. Particularly, high contents of fresh organic matter and nutrients led to intense mineralisation, which was dominated by sulphate-reduction and methanogenesis. The bacterial diversity in Vidy sediments was significantly different from the communities in the uncontaminated sediments. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a large proportion of Betaproteobacteria clones in Vidy sediments related to Dechloromonas sp., a group of dechlorinating and contaminant degrading bacteria. Deltaproteobacteria, including clones related to sulphate-reducing bacteria and Fe(III)-reducing bacteria (Geobacter sp.) were also more abundant in the contaminated sediments. The archaeal communities consisted essentially of methanogenic Euryarchaeota, mainly found in the contaminated sediments rich in organic matter. Multiple factor analysis revealed that the microbial community composition and the environmental variables were correlated at the two sites, which suggests that in addition to environmental parameters, pollution may be one of the factors affecting microbial community structure.     

自然区域景观特征识别及其价值评估 ——以青海湖流域为例

近年来,随着中国对自然区域保护重视程度的提升,以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系的建设与研究被提上日程。目前,国家公园的申报设立条件、划定准确边界和内部功能分区的标准尚在探索中。为实现国家公园的自然生态系统整体保护和自然资源永续利用,需寻求一个系统的语言来识别、描述和评估区域内生态系统基本单元的特征。以青海湖流域为例,基于景观特征评估(Landscape Character Assessment,LCA)理论,结合中国实际情况,试图构建一套适用于流域生态系统的景观特征评估方法,尝试对青海湖流域的特征要素进行识别、绘制、分类和描述,以及价值评估。最后阐述了景观特征识别和价值评估结果在建设国家公园过程中的应用,以期为国家公园的申报、规划提供依据。     

近30年太湖流域湿地生态系统服务价值 对景观格局变化的响应：基于“退田还湖” 工程的实施

由于太湖流域湿地生态系统服务价值(ESV)受到"退田还湖"工程实施的影响,定量研究其发展演变规律,能够为流域湿地的保护提供参考。运用RS和GIS技术,以1990、2000、2010和2019年TM遥感影像为数据源,对4个时期太湖流域湿地景观格局动态变化进行研究,并分析"退田还湖"工程实施前后湿地ESV变化规律,探讨工程对湿地生态效益的影响。研究表明:1)1990—2000年,在"围湖造田"工程的影响下,太湖流域湿地总面积减少了3010.35km~2,其中自然湿地减少了4554.01km~2,湿地ESV降低了35.73%;2)2000—2010年,在"退田还湖"工程实施初期,自然湿地的减少趋势得到控制,湿地ESV提高了77.96%,湿地斑块数目(NP)增加了126%,香农多样性指数(SHDI)呈上升趋势;3)2010—2019年,在"退田还湖"工程的推进下,湖泊湿地呈增长趋势,坑塘与水库面积显著增加,受湿地总面积减少的影响,湿地ESV下降;4)总体来看,1990—2019年太湖流域湿地面积减少了29.40%,湿地ESV减少了50.07%。"退田还湖"工程实施前后,太湖流域湿地ESV对湿地...     

鄱阳湖区干旱与变化

以有效干旱天数的出现时间为依据,分析鄱阳湖区干旱的季节性特征.根据重旱与特旱年份7～10月降水空间分布,分析翻阳湖区干旱的空间变化特点.     

鄱阳湖口生态水利工程方案探讨

维系良好的水生态环境,是环鄱阳湖地区经济发展的重要保障和支撑,也是实现人水和谐的前提条件。针对鄱阳湖水文特性和近期存在干旱等问题,并考虑到三峡工程建成运行后对鄱阳湖生态环境的潜在影响,藉此探讨了鄱阳湖控制工程建设的必要性及其原则,进而借鉴国内外经验,从生态环境保护角度,提出了一个仿都江堰式的生态水利工程设计概念方案。该方案能够遵循河流湖泊自然规律,在不影响防洪和江湖联通性的前提下,适度调控鄱阳湖与长江之间的水力联系,尽量保持湖区水位变化平缓、延缓汛后湖水外泄,以避免湖区出现不利于生态环境和社会经济发展的极端洪涝和干旱;而且该方案与环鄱阳湖生态经济区建设相协调,具有明显的生态效益和景观效应,能够促进该地区生态旅游文化发展。