Molecular Diffusion Coefficients of Organic Compounds in Water at Different Temperatures

Molecular (or tracer) diffusion coefficient data were obtained for 2-naphthol, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, camphor, and cinnamic acid in water at temperatures that differ significantly from ambient value. Experimental values were determined for the dissolution of 2-naphthol in water at 283 to 368 K, of benzoic acid in water at 283 to 338 K, of salicylic acid in water at 283 to 343 K, of camphor in water at 283 to 318 K, and of cinnamic acid in water at 283 to 318 K. Empirical correlations are presented for the prediction of molecular diffusion coefficient over the entire range of temperatures studied, and they are shown to predict the obtained data with very good accuracy.     

生烧石灰对氧化铝生产过程的影响及石灰炉热工现状分析

由于反苛化作用，生烧石灰对氧化铝生产的循环效率、溶出和蒸发工序有很大的影响。本文对石灰生烧的热工现状进行了热平衡验算，从热工的角度分析了石灰烧制中存在的缺陷，通过热工计算，提出了改善石灰烧制质量的建议，以消除其在生产过程的危害及实现增效的目的。     

Heat loss and thermoelectric generator design

With the object of evaluating its importance to thermoelectric generator design, heat loss is introduced into the standard thermoelectric generator design theory. The theory for both the constant hot and cold junction temperatures model and the constant heat input model are so modified. The modification is first order and, therefore, is limited to small leg heat-transfer coefficients. Numerical results using representative properties show that significant differences can exist between the optimum geometry and performance of a generator idealized as lossless and those of a generator designed by the modified theory. The largest differences occur with the constant heat input model.     

砼回弹法测强统计分析

简述了砼回弹法测强与抗压强度对比试验的方法，得出了影响砼回弹测强的种种因素，通过统计分析给出了砼回弹测强的实用计算公式，从而就可在结构物上直接进行回弹测强，达到及时，方便，准确地了解结构物的强度．     

工业配料中的自控

本文介绍了微机在工业配料过程中的应用情况，对上料-计量-下料的全过程即“动态运行-静态计量-动态运行”进行控制．     

烟草制丝线上调节阀流量特性的选择

介绍调节阀的控制原理,分析调节阀流量特性对控制系统的影响,结合烟草设备的工艺特性,提出烟草制丝设备上调节阀流量特性选择的原则。     

基于格子Boltzmann方法的换热器优化模拟

为优化换热器的结构设计,用格子Boltzmann方法(Lattice Boltzmann Method,LBM)结合多孔介质模型模拟换热器内的换热,研究雷诺数、普朗特数和热扩散率比的变化对温度场和换热性能的影响.模拟结果表明:在小雷诺数范围内,随着雷诺数的增加,努塞尔数先增加后减小,即存在一个使换热性能达到最好的雷诺数;随着普朗特数的增加,努塞尔数减小,换热性能降低;随着热扩散率比的增加,换热性能提高.分析不同管柱排列方式对换热性能的影响,结果表明:叉排的换热效果明显优于顺排,当横向节距等于2时,对于均匀顺排或叉排,努塞尔数均随纵向节距的增加而减小,这与实验结果相符;对于非均匀叉排,采用"前密"或"中间密"的排布方式有利于换热.     

阿姆河流域耕地变化及水土匹配特征分析

基于中亚阿姆河流域4个分区1990—2015年间土地利用变化和水资源等数据,运用耕地变化速率、洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数法以及水土资源匹配系数对阿姆河流域耕地变化和水土匹配状况进行了综合分析。结果表明:1990—2015年阿姆河流域耕地以146.74 km²/a的速度在扩张,且各时期、各分区扩张的速度不同;在不考虑咸海来水不断减少、生态持续恶化的前提下,绿洲区匹配状况属比较公平和相对合理状况;阿姆河流域水土资源空间分布存在明显的错位现象;全流域生态用水被农业用水严重挤占,阿姆河流域灌溉面积、灌溉用水量成为影响咸海水量及面积变化的重要因素,是一种不可持续的用水方式。     

Modeling air flow in sanitary sewer systems: A review

Current designs of sanitary collection systems normally only consider the transport of wastewater without attention on the air movement in the sewer airspaces. Under anaerobic conditions, hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) can be generated in the liquid phase in sewer systems. H₂S is corrosive to concrete and steel structures and odorous or even toxic to human, which can cause corrosion and sewer odor issues. To develop a feasible sewer corrosion and odor control strategy, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of air flow in sewer systems for developing practical tools to predict and control the air flow. This paper comprehensively reviewed previous efforts on modeling the air flow in sewer systems and provided recommendations on predicting the air flow for engineering applications. The air flow in a single pipe was firstly reviewed followed by the air flow in sewer structures as well as air flow models in sewer networks. Some other considerations such as temperature driven flow, transient water flow, and wind effect were also reviewed. The knowledge gaps were then identified, and recommendations on the further studies were provided.