21世纪规划管理初探

我国正处于一个蓬勃发展的新时代，城市规划管理作为一种国家意志及其生产力属性，在国民经济社会及城市发展过程中正发挥着重要的作用。但是，在其整个运作过程中，也暴露出一些深层次的亟待解决的种种困惑与矛盾，作者在剖析这些困惑与矛盾的基础上，着重从摆正位置（法制化建设、科学规范化管理、权威的机构建设）及更新观念（辩证的、服务的、人才战略的、可持续发展的）两个方面作了探讨，希望能给大家带来些有益的启示。     

DF21型机车的微机重联控制系统

介绍了基于PLC的DF2 1型机车微机重联控制系统以及重联控制采用的通讯协议—协议宏 ,同时给出了重联控制的硬件配置和重联控制内容     

我国中厚板材料发展现状及迈入21世纪对策

介绍了中厚板材料在国民经济中的作用和地位,我国的生产现状以及同国外工业发达国家在规模、设备、品种结构、产品和质量等方面的差距.对2010年时我国中厚板材料的需求作了比较科学的预测,阐述了中厚板生产行业在我国由钢铁大国迈入的铁强国所负的重任.还提出了中厚板材料要立足国内,提高轧机技术装备水平,降低板坯中有害元素含量,提高产品质量和促进高新技术的研究开发,以及制定近、远期的发展规划、中厚板深加工等,阐明我国中厚板材料迈入21世纪的对策.     

Spatial and sectoral composition effects of agglomeration economies in the Netherlands*

Abstract. In this article we test for dynamic inter- and intra-industry externalities on the urban level in the Netherlands. We argue that previous contributions might be sensitive to untested spatial and sectoral composition effects of urban data. We conclude that research results are better controlled when analysed on lower spatial scales, that results improve in robustness when spatial dependence in the form of spatially lagged versions of explained (growth) variables is introduced in the econometric models, and that results are more informative when hierarchical urban regimes are tested for. Introducing spatially lagged versions of explanatory agglomeration variables is informative but leads to less robust outcomes. In general our research results are more conclusive on inter-industry externalities circumstances when outcomes of city-industry as well as sectoral research designs are compared with the same dataset.     

多媒体系列标准MPEG的发展研究

通过对MPEG－1到MPEG－21发展过程的分析，详细论述了MPEG系列标准的技术原理及应用领域；并对MPEG－4，MPEG－7和MPEG－21标准的主要技术进行了重点研究。     

5Cr21Mn9Ni4N阀门钢冷拉材半径裂的形成和扩展

覆盖在裂纹分裂面上的氧化物，裂面上的断裂源和放射扩展共清晰可见，表面平坦裂纹有冷拉前形成和过程中生成的两种形式，与冷拉过程相关的半径裂，大都起始于钢材表皮下０．０７～０．５ｍｍ皮下夹杂处，并沿富Ｃｒ相与基体的界面进行扩展。     

21世纪的中国大水利建设

:2 1世纪中国的水利建设 ,将在充分总结 2 0世纪 ,特别是新中国成立以来的水利建设经验基础上 ,根据 2 1世纪中国社会发展对水利建设的需求 ,无论在指导理论 ,还是在建设技术 ,以及其内涵方面都会有较大的变化而更加丰富多彩 .为有别于迄今为止的传统水利 ,将 2 1世纪中国现代化水利称之为“大水利” .本文重点论述大水利与传统水利的区别 ,以及大水利提出的背景及其基本原则     

Increased Exosomal MicroRNA-21 and MicroRNA-146a Levels in the Cervicovaginal Lavage Specimens of Patients with Cervical Cancer

Well-run screening programs for cervical cancer in the population at risk have been shown to result in a sharp decrease in the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in a number of large populations. Expression patterns of a recently identified biomarker family, microRNA, appear to be characteristic of tumor type and developmental origin. Several tumors have been reported to actively release exosomes carrying microRNAs. The present study has determined the association of microRNAs with cervical cancer-derived exosomes. The cervical cancer-derived exosomes were enriched in the cervicovaginal lavages specimens and the abundance of exosomes and exosomal microRNAs was detected by electron microscopy, western blot analysis, RT-qPCR and microRNA target reporter vector. The microRNA-21 and microRNA-146a, which were up-regulated in cervical cancer patients, were associated with the high levels of cervical cancer-derived exosomes. In conclusion, we demonstrated the abundance of exosomes in the cervicovaginal lavage specimens of women with cervical cancer. Furthermore, our results indicated that abnormally high levels of microRNA-21 and microRNA-146a existed in the cervical cancer-derived exosomes and the two microRNAs were functional in 293T cells.