Plasma-sprayed coatings as adherend surface pretreatments

As part of the National Center for Manufacturing Sciences contract on adhesive bonding of dissimilar materials, UTRC, as a sub-contractor, is evaluating environmentally acceptable surface preparation techniques for selected metals and composites. The selected processes are automatable and capable of being transferred into the manufacturing arena. One aspect of the programme is the evaluation of plasma-sprayed, microporous, thin coatings as surface pretreatments for both resin-based composites and metals. Mechanical test results are presented which demonstrate the viability of this approach to achieve acceptable joint strengths with steel, titanium and aluminium bonded to several types of resin-matrix composite. The environmental impact, by elimination of organic primer systems and strong acid etching and anodizing solutions, will be discussed.     

壁面粗糙度对瓦斯爆炸火焰波传播的影响

在实验研究的基础上，分析了壁面粗糙度对瓦斯爆炸过程中火焰传播规律的重要影响．研究结果表明，壁面粗糙度对瓦斯爆炸过程的影响很大，相比光滑管道，粗糙管的火焰速度大幅度提高；对于管道终端闭口系统和开口系统的瓦斯爆炸过程，壁面粗糙度对两种系统的影响规律是一致的，影响程度比较接近．基于壁面粗糙度对瓦斯爆炸影响的实验结论，从理论上分析了壁面粗糙度对高速传播的火焰区的影响，并对实验现象做出了合理解释．因此，在矿井开拓中，应尽可能减小巷道壁面的粗糙度．研究结果对指导现场如何防治瓦斯爆炸，减轻瓦斯爆炸的威力具有重要作用．     

Stochastic Models for Pad Structure and Pad Conditioning Used in Chemical-Mechanical Polishing

Stochastic models are presented for the structure and conditioning of pads used in chemical-mechanical polishing of wafers. First the one-dimensional distribution function of surface depth in the case of a conditioned solid pad is described. Then, for characterizing the structure of a foamed pad, the theory of random closed sets is applied. An important distributional characteristic of a random closed set, the linear contact distribution function, yields the contribution to surface depth resulting from pores. As a special example the Boolean model is considered. This leads to a formula that describes the variability of the surface of a conditioned foamed pad after a certain time. Simulations and experimental data show a good agreement between theory and reality.     

Porous Titania Thin Films Grown by Anodic Oxidation for Hydrogen Sensors

Porous titanium dioxide (Titania) thin films were grown by anodic oxidation using high purity (99.7%) titanium foil in a dilute sulphuric acid (1 M) medium. The anodization process was carried out for 30 minutes with 20 mA/cm² and 50 mA/cm² current densities. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, and AFM techniques. It was found that the grown porous titania films were less sensitive to 500 ppm hydrogen in air ambient below 300°C; however, the sensitivity and response behavior of the film at 300°C are very much dependent on the growth conditions. Particularly, the films grown at current density 50 mA/cm² and 1 M acid concentration exhibited the lowest response time of 151 sec at 300°C.     

Fabrication of particle-free thin films by laser ablation combined with an electron beam

Particle-free silicon and nickel thin films were successfully fabricated by laser-ablating a melted section of their target surface, which gives a high evaporation pressure at the melting point. The influence of direct evaporation from a melted target was reduced negligibly by melting the target only locally with a focused electron beam (e-beam) and increasing the laser frequency. The silicon films fabricated by the present method, pulse laser deposition of a partially molten target, were able to firmly adhere to the substrates and withstood steel needle scratching, unlike e-beam-evaporated films.     

氧化铝颗粒增强铜基复合材料线切割加工研究

采用粉末冶金方法制备了Al2O3/CU复合材料.研究了电参数对复合材料线切割加工速度和表面粗糙度的影响;用扫描电镜分析了复合材料线切割加工表面的SEM形貌.结果表明:选用较大的峰值电流和较短的脉冲宽度,可对复合材料进行较理想的电火花线切割加工;复合材料加工表面是由相互重叠的放电凹坑和凸缘组成,表面粘附有基体金属的球形熔滴和Al2O3颗粒.     

散射法表面粗糙度测量的数学模型分析

对材料的表面粗糙度进行测量时,往往要求采用在线非接触方式。散射法能较好地满足该要求。本文以beckm ann的光散射模型为理论基础,分析建立了散射法表面粗糙度测量的数学模型,并进一步简化了该模型,为应用散射法测量提供了数学依据。     

一体化粗糙度测量传感器的设计

以表面粗糙度测量仪为例,结合传感器的发展趋势,研究了粗糙度测量传感器的模数一体化实现方法.该传感器将电荷放大、电压幅值放大、A/D转换、数字滤波、数据通信集中在一起,通过DSP实现粗糙度测量过程中数字滤波.结果表明,一体化粗糙度测量传感器集成度高、功能全,提高了数据处理效率,减轻了后续处理电路的计算量.     

多个移动车辆作用下简支梁的动力响应分析

将简支梁桥简化为欧拉-伯努利梁模型,考虑四自由度车辆移动系统与结构表面接触处不平顺产生的随机激励,建立了多个移动车辆振动系统与梁的耦合动力效应模型。在数值算例中,计算了不同模态截断阶数情况下由动力效应产生的挠曲线;讨论了移动速度变化时,在梁上作用不同荷载组合情况下冲击系数的变化规律;并讨论了跨径变化时冲击系数的变化规律;最后比较了在不同等级平整度情况下梁的动弯矩、动剪力的结果。     

Truck Loading and Fatigue Damage Analysis for Girder Bridges Based on Weigh-in-Motion Data

Based on data collected by weigh-in-motion (WIM) measurements, truck traffic is synthesized by type and loading condition. Three-dimensional nonlinear models for the trucks with significant counts are developed from the measured data. Six simply supported multigirder steel bridges with spans ranging from 10.67 m (35 ft) to 42.67 m (140 ft) are analyzed using the proposed method. Road surface roughness is generated as transversely correlated random processes using the autoregressive and moving average model. The dynamic impact factor is taken as the average of 20 simulations of good road roughness. Live-load spectra are obtained by combining static responses with the calculated impact factors. A case study of the normal traffic from a specific site on the interstate highway I-75 is illustrated. Static loading of the heaviest in each truck type is compared with that of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials standard design truck HS20-44. Several important trucks causing fatigue damage are found.