Quantity,thermal maturity of organic matter and relation to prospective source rock horizons in Tut-1x well,North Western Desert,Egypt

The quantity and thermal maturity of organic matter in the present study are discussed throughout the Rock-Eval pyrolysis for 27 rock samples of Tut -1x well used to describe the quantity, type, maturity, and petroleum generative potentials of prospective source rock horizons. The results showed that Alam El Bueib Formation has type-III kerogen. Masajid, Khatatba, and Ras Qattara Formations display mixed kerogen type II-III, which has the ability to generate mixed oil and gas accumulations under thermal maturation. Meanwhile, Alam El Bueib and Masajid Formations entered the early mature stage of oil generation at vitrinite reflectance values of 0.60 Ro%. The source rock of the Khatatba and Ras Qattara Formations reached to the peak of oil generation at vitrinite reflectance values of 1.36 Ro%. This indicates that Khatatba and Ras Qattara Formations can be consider to have generative potentials of prospective source rock horizons in the Tut-1x well.     

A World Below

The shift from hand drawing to the digital has often centred on the subject of media. Here, however, Perry Kulper discusses how leaving behind conventional graphic formats, such as those of the plan, section and elevation, opens up the possibilities of fusing visualisation and thinking. Kulper is fluid in his uses of techniques and design methods, tailoring them to explore a fit between what is being worked on, when it is being worked on and how it is being worked on - in the quest for a ‘relational synthesis’.     

沙漠移运钻机拖撬起升机构的同步问题研究

同步问题是液压技术领域内被广泛研究和讨论的重点之一。对沙漠移运钻机拖撬起升机构同步问题进行分析,列举了几种设计方案并进行了比较,从而提出了合理的设计方案,实现了系统同步控制的要求,简化了系统结构,提高了经济效益。     

Characterization of shrub distribution using high spatial resolution remote sensing: Ecosystem implications for a former Chihuahuan Desert grassland

Patchiness is often considered a defining quality of ecosystems in arid and semiarid regions. The spatial distribution of vegetation patches and soil nutrients coupled with wind and water erosion as well as biotic processes are believed to have an influence on land degradation. A geostatistical measure of spatial “connectivity” is presented to directly measure the size of patches in the landscape from a raster data set. Connectivity is defined as the probability that adjacent pixels belong to the same type of patch. Connectivity allows the size distribution of erodible patches to be quantified from a remote sensing image or field measurement, or specified for the purposes of modeling.Applied to high-resolution remote sensing imagery in the Jornada del Muerto Basin in New Mexico, the spatial distribution of plants indicates the current state of grassland-to-shrubland transition in addition to processes of degradation in this former grassland. Shrub encroachment is clearly evident from decreased intershrub patch size in coppice dunes of 27.8 m relative to shrublands of 65.2 m and grassland spacing of 118.9 m. Shrub patches remain a consistent 2-4 m diameter regardless of the development of bush encroachment. A strong SW-NE duneland orientation correlates with the prevailing wind direction and suggests a strong aeolian control of surface geomorphology.With appropriate data sets and classification, potential applications of the connectivity method extend beyond vegetation dynamics, including mineralogy mapping, preserve planning, habitat fragmentation, pore spacing in surface hydrology, and microbial community dynamics.     

焉耆沙漠低信噪比资料处理方法

焉耆沙漠区低信噪比资料，按照常规处理方法处理，剖面不能用于地质解释。本文运用“折射交互迭代静校正技术软件包”，成功地解决了沙漠静校正问题；运用线性动校正，结合F－K滤波、地表一致处理、高精度叠加、炮集DMO等手段，最终获得了可用于地质解释的高信噪比剖面。     

Polarization of visible light by desert pavements

Desert pavements can be detected through multi-spectral polarization measurements of reflected sunlight both in and out of the solar principle plane. The combination of polarization and color distinguishes desert pavements from other desert landforms and vegetation. Desert pavements linearly polarize and impart a blueness to sunlight reflected at visible wavelengths. The polarization and color of skylight reflected at high emission angles is also preserved. The polarization properties of desert pavements are dominated by Fresnel reflection at large phase angles and by multiple scattering at low phase angles, causing significant positive and small negative polarization, respectively.     

Determination of Some Reservoir Characteristics of the Bahariya Formation in Bed-1 Field,Western Desert,Egypt, by Using the Repeat Formation Tester

Repeat formation tester (RFT) data are used for interpreting some reservoir characteristics such as the nature of fluids and permeability for the Bahariya formation by using five wells in the Bed-1 Field in the Western Desert of Egypt. The Schlumberger RFT is an open hole wireline device showing a continuous recording of the pressure leads to construct the pressure gradient. These gradients give information about the fluid density and then the nature of fluids (gas, oil, and water). Also the depths of contacts between water and hydrocarbon products can be located by the abrupt change in the pressure gradients. The permeabilities of Bahariya formation are evaluated qualitatively by the direct interpretation of the pressure curve recorded at each test and quantitatively by the analysis of drawdown pressure data. Moreover, the porosities of reservoir rocks were determined by using the available logs of density and neutron. These porosities were corrected for the effect of shale. Also, the saturation of hydrocarbon is determined and then these values of porosities and saturation of hydrocarbon are presented zonewise to show their vertical variation within the wells.     

沙漠油田自动化系统环境条件的设计考虑

随着我国石油工业的发展，西北部地区沙漠油田的开发已成为石油工业的重要部分，由于新的管理体制和沙漠自然环境的要求，油田的开发均采用较高水平的自动化系统，这一地区的油田自动化除要满足一般的油田自动化要求外，还要满足沙漠油田的特殊环境要求。本文针对沙漠的恶劣环境，就沙漠油田自动化系统的设计问题进行了探讨，提出了解决相应问题的方法。     

塔里木超细粉砂无机保温材料的研制

本文论述利用新疆塔里木超细粉砂作为主要原材料研制无机保温材料的必要性和可行性，提出激发超细粉砂活性的技术途径和各组分的配比以及适合当地特点的工艺流程和参数。现场应用试验表明，以塔里木超细粉砂作为主要原材料生产的硅酸钙保温制品的性能，已经达到国标技术要求。