影响黄河下游河道决溢的环境因素（一）

影响黄河下游地上河决溢的环境因素十分复杂。在流域多沙和人工堤防束范的决定因素下，全球变化，河流地质构造活动，河床演变和人类活动剧的相互作用，以及堤防工程存在多种隐患的影响，是引起下游河道泥沙不断堆积，地下河道逐渐隆起和河道决溢潜在危险的重要因素。依据近年来对下游的考察及对已有资料进行认为，目前下游决溢潜在的环境因素可归纳为河道水利环境背景，河床演变趋势和堤防工程隐患等三大方面。     

REVIEW OF REGIME THEORY OF ALLUVIAL CHANNELS

One of the most important problems in river engineering is to determine a stable cross section geomenry and slope for an alluvial channel. This has been the subject of considerable research for about a century and continues to be of great practical interest. Lgnoring plan geometry, an alluvi-al channel can adjust its slope, depth and width, to develop a dynamic stable condition in which it can transport a certain a-mount of water and sediment. The brief history of regime the-ory and its new development are reviewed in this paper.     

滨江复杂河网地区水环境调控仿真模拟系统研究

为满足滨江河网地区人民群众对河流防洪安全、水环境、水生态、水景观等要求,达到水资源调用效益最优化,基于自主研发的GIS平台,实现滨江复杂河网地区水文、水动力及水质模型的耦合,集构模、连库、计算、调试和展示等为一体.通过Web Services接口设定调度预案及预报期边界条件,驱动预报调度模型进行计算,并直接获取预报调度...     

Trihalomethanes in the drinking water of Concepción and Talcahuano,Chile

Formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) during water disinfection has been related to several health problems, although the magnitude of these effects is under discussion. This paper quantifies the THMs in drinking water from the Bío‐Bío Region of central Chile, the first since the modification of the national reference value (Nch 409/05) to include maximal values for THMs. THMs were quantified using a solid phase micro‐extraction (SPME) method and GC‐MS. The concentration ranges were 9.7–111.6, 0.1–1.0 and 0.9–25.5 μg/L for chloroform (CHCl₃), and dibromochloromethane (CHClBr₂) and bromodichloromethane (CHCl₂Br), respectively. Bromoform was not detected in any sample. There were good correlations (R²=0.91–0.98, P<0.001) between the THMs and the residence time of the water, the distance from the treatment plant and an inverse correlation to free chlorine in the water. The Additive Toxicity Index Value (0.07–1.00) showed that all samples were within the Chilean reference value for THMs in drinking water. However, several values were close to exceeding the maximum permitted concentration (200, 100, 100 and 60 μg/L for CHCl₃, CHBr₃, CHClBr₂ and CHCl₂Br, respectively), which may occur when the water demand is low and thus residence times are longer.     

A new mode of river basin management in South Korea

This study aims to explore a new mode of river basin management in South Korea by evaluating the current river basin management system and taking lessons from the British and French cases. This research is based on literature reviews and interviews in the United Kingdom, France and South Korea. The British case emphasizes the importance of regulatory framework and limitations of public participation. The French experience epitomizes the empowerment of river basin organizations. The new system in South Korea includes an enactment of water law, a set-up of the National Water Council, the River Basin Authorities and the River Basin Committees. The new model will not be established soon but needs to take a step-by-step approach to minimize social conflicts, accommodate diverse opinions in society and satisfy a variety of demands.     

一种利用精密全站仪实施跨江水准测量的方法

在跨江水准测量原理基础上,提出一种利用精密全站仪实施大跨距跨江水准测量的方法,并结合长江隧道工程介绍了具体的作业方法和量测结果。通过实际量测结果分析证明,该方法可以消除球气差影响。     

乐安江流域重金属的来源与分布探析

为研究乐安江流域重金属的污染状况,于2008年12月在流域采集了水样和底泥,并在实验室用离心机离心底泥得到间隙水,用原予吸收方法测定底泥中重金属（Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd）的浓度含量和水体中重金属（Cu,Pb）的含量。结果表明,乐安江水体中重金属含量没有超过地表水环境质量标准Ⅲ,而底泥中重金属含量平均值与国家土壤环境质量标准Ⅲ相比,只有Cd未能达到标准。在浓度含量上,低泥中最高,间隙水中次之,水体中最少。     

聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵对聚合硫酸铁处理冬季长江水的助凝效果

采用聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDM)与聚合硫酸铁(PFS)复合制得的稳定型复合混凝剂,用于冬季低温长江水强化混凝脱浊处理。通过混凝烧杯试验,考察了PDM对PFS在脱浊效果和沉淀性能上的改进程度。结果表明:对温度为5～7℃,浊度为45 NTU左右的冬季长江水,PDM助凝效果明显,同时PFS与PDM的复配比例越低,复合混凝剂混凝脱浊效果越好。复合混凝剂中PFS的用量比单独使用PFS时的少。复合混凝剂能增大絮团的沉淀速度,克服冬季低温条件下单独使用PFS时絮体轻而细小、沉淀慢、破碎现象严重的问题,从而使沉淀出水水质能够迅速稳定地达标,同时,还可明显改善PFS处理时出水带色、腐蚀设备等问题。     

我国沿江丘陵城市山地开发利用模式探析—以《宜昌市伍家岗分区规划》为例

本文以宜昌市作为我国沿江丘陵城市的代表,分析了城市发展演变的历史进程并研究了城市发展的趋势,提出了在拓展城市骨架的建设过程中对山地的开发利用模式,并分析了不同开发模式所能形成的城市景观效果。     

流动化处理河道淤泥的填充性试验研究

河道淤泥的流动化处理技术就是利用淤泥的流动化性质及固化处理后淤泥的特性,考虑淤泥综合利用的目的将其作为一般土工材料加以利用,尤其在狭窄区域的施工、地下管沟或地下空洞的回灌等工程领域,将流动化处理的河道淤泥作为填充材料利用时,显示出良好的效果。在考虑将流动化处理的河道淤泥作为填充材料使用时,填充区域的填充效果是衡量其施工性能及工程质量的主要因素。本文主要以室内试验为基础,探讨影响处理土的填充性能的主要因素及其规律。