Palm Oil: A New Ethics of Visibility for the Production Landscape

The explosion of the palm oil industry in recent decades has transformed vast swathes of the Malaysian and Indonesian countryside. Milica Topalovic , Assistant Professor of Architecture and Territorial Planning at ETH Zurich, asserts that the resulting agro-industrial landscapes challenge the very concept of what is rural, and considers how such areas should be conceptualised.     

PM2．5与城市规划要素的空间对应——以沈阳为例

快速工业化和城市化进程引发了巨大的环境危机。如何有效地调节城市规模和城市结构的关系是减少城市污染的一条既经济又切实可行的方案。本文以传统老工业基地——沈阳为研究区．对比城市PM2．5与城市规划要素的空间效应,直面其空间性。并为优化城市规划布局、建设美丽中国提供一定的数据支撑。结论表明：市政基础设施——电源厂是沈阳PM2．5浓度最高区域：绿地对PM2．5具有净化作用,其分布范围内PM2．5浓度最低;工业用地的PM2．5浓度偏高,而且影响其周边空气质量．适合“小集中、大分散”的布局;而约有1／6居住用地PM2．5浓度偏高。     

以土地综合整治助推新型城镇化发展--谈上海市土地整治工作的定位与战略思考

在十八届三中全会“新型城镇化”建设要求下,上海以生态文明建设提升“全球城市”国际竞争力、以城乡统筹内涵增长模式破解土地资源瓶颈、以建立农村地区“造血机制”引导全民共享的新型城镇化建设,顺应上海城市转型之势,提出土地整治工作定位转变的战略思路,以郊野单元规划为载体,开展郊野地区规划土地网格化精细管理,探索一条符合上海实际、具有上海特色、以土地综合整治助力土地节约集约利用和城乡一体化的转型发展之路。     

德国农村住区更新实践的规划启示

从20世纪50年代开始,德国农村实施了土地整理、农村住区空间环境和既有建筑更新改造等一系列农村人居环境建设的实践。它对改良农业结构,对原有农村采矿土地的修复和生态重建,对保障基础设簏和公共事业用地,以及对加强整体生态环境保护等方面均起到了积极作用。这对我国当今农村人居环境建设规划具有重要启示：应进一步注重农村住区土地使用的合理配置,注重农村住区的整体景观品质与生态环境质量相结合,注重农村住区物质空间环境整体结构的完菩与提升,注重既有公共建筑和公共空间环境的再利用和功能提升,并注重农村住区既有建筑更新改造的适用技术支撑。     

The basalt stone quarries of eastern India

Quarrying of basalt stone in the Early Cretaceous Rajmahal Trap region of eastern India is increasing at an alarming pace. The quarries have created an extensive ugly landscape of pits and overburden dumps. The stone workshops continuously emit dust. These quarries generate year‐round employment in an impoverished terrain. The workforce mostly comprises the socio‐economically deprived indigenous tribal population. They are an important source of income to the State Governments of Jharkhand and West Bengal. While the need for building stone cannot be denied in a region that is rapidly industrialising and urbanising, issues of land degradation and health cannot be ignored. The paper offers measures to contain environmental degradation and generate alternative sources of income with bio‐fuel crops such as Jatropha curcas.     

Landscape as an Area Perceived through Activity: Implications for Diversity Management and Conservation

This article uses an activity-based understanding of landscape to explore values related to perceived land cover diversity. Perceptions within two user groups, members of landowner families and hiking tourists in a mountain area in western Norway, were related to a simultaneous land cover survey, and compared to experts' evaluations of land cover and to the aims of landscape protection in the area. Users perceived the area as being significantly more diverse and valuable than experts did, which stresses the importance of taking user perception into account in landscape protection and management. Some central landscape values were dependent upon land use outside the boundaries of the protected area. This illustrates that measures within structurally defined land units are not necessarily sufficient for maintenance of landscape values experienced by users. Land use in both respects, as an upholder of values and as a way of experiencing or perceiving them, should receive an increased role in the determination of management units.     

Peri‐urban informal housing development in Victorian England: the contribution of freehold land societies

Self‐help housing in peri‐urban areas (usually outside municipal boundaries) is a feature, not only of rapidly urbanizing countries now in the South, but was also in Victorian England, where it was often initiated by freehold land societies, created by the Chartist movement in order to expand the franchise. These bodies bought and subdivided land for sale to their members, and laid out roads, using legal powers conferred upon the building societies. The societies made a significant contribution to housing for the urban working class, and preceded the garden city and town planning movement promoted by Liberal politicians. A case study is presented of one successful provincial society, the Ipswich and Suffolk Freehold Land Society.     

基于主体功能区划思想的荆州市国土空间划分研究

研究探讨了荆州市国土空间划分的基本思路和主导因素,设定"县域"为分析评价单元,通过定性分析判定一部分区域的国土功能区的类型划分,采用多指标综合评判法最终形成国土功能区划方案,并对不同功能分区发展的政策导向进行了深入分析。研究表明,对于荆州市这样自然环境条件区域分异明显、人口集聚和经济发展水平差异显著、市域内交通指向主导经济布局的地区,在划分国土功能区时,应综合考虑应用市域单元、乡镇单元两种尺度,避免"一刀切"。     

新型城镇化背景下的中国农村土地制度变革研究

中国农村土地制度变革在即.文章首先讨论了在新型城镇化的历史背景下需要关注“三农”问题和农村土地制度变革,进而阐述中国农村土地制度的历史变迁、本质特征,分析其历史贡献和当前面临的制度困境,在此基础上研究主张私有化的激进土地制度变革及坚持集体化的保守土地制度变革两种不同的方式,及其与不同的城镇化策略结合后将会对中国城镇化进程产生深刻的影响.文章最后指出,在农村土地制度改革方向的选择上,笔者反对集体土地的私有化,而倾向于在土地集体所有制内部进行具体制度设计的优化和调整.     

矿区土地复垦面临的困难及对策

分析了当前我国土地复垦面临的形势及矿区土地复垦在社会环境、资金、技术、管理和科技成果转化等方面遇到的困难，并就解决办法提出了看法。