福建沿海地区不同用地土壤重金属污染及其评价

对福建沿海地区4种不同用地类型的8种重金属元素进行了检测和评价,结果表明:水田污染最严重是Pb,菜园地是Hg,果园是As,旱地是As。在多项综合指数评价中,菜园土污染最严重,综合污染指数(P)达到1.18,其余依次为水田0.64,果园0.59,旱地0.47。在单项污染综合指数中,Hg和Cd污染最严重,其污染指数(I)分别达到0.86和0.61,其余依次为Cr、Pb、Cu、As、Zn、Ni。评价结果为进一步的土壤污染与治理提供了科学依据。     

In Vitro hydrodynamic evaluation of prosthetic polymer heart valves in steady flow

Hydrodynamic comparison of two polymer valves with two mechanical valves is presented. The valves were perfused in a steady flow system, and comparisons between the valves were made on the transvalvular pressure distribution and drop, opening area, and leakage volume. Particular emphasis was placed on a slit-type bileaflet polymer valve which was newly designed and fabricated in our research group. The results showed that the functional characteristics of a slit-type bileaflet polymer valve compared favorably with that of mechanical valves. This valve may be a viable and inexpensive alternative, especially for short-term use in TAH or VAD systems.     

川中丘陵区7Be在土壤中的分布和季节性本底值

7Be主要分布于0-20 mm深度的表层土壤,其中0-2 mm的表层土壤7Be的含量最高,向下随深度呈指数减少,20 mm以下土层基本不含7Be.我们的测定结果表明四川盐亭农耕地和草地紫色土的7Be深度分布存在一定差异,草地表层土壤的7Be含量高于农耕地,其随深度递减的速率也高于农耕地.这可能是农耕地土壤较草地土壤疏松,降水易于入渗的缘故.四川盐亭7Be季节性本底值,春季和秋季分别为117.4 Bq·m-2和169.9Bq·m-2.与国内外已有的报道相比,四川盐亭7Be本底值偏低,这可能是7Be含量较低的西南气流的水汽和基本不含7Be的本地水汽对降水贡献较大的缘故,并且四川盆地阴天多,云层厚,不利于宇宙射线的穿透并产生7Be.     

区域尺度城市增长时空动态模型及其在京津唐都市圈应用

Dynamic urban expansion simulation at regional scale is one of the important re-search methodologies in Land Use/Cover Change (LUCC) and global environmental change influenced by urbanization. However, previous studies indicate that the single urban expan-sion simulation for future scenarios at local scale cannot meet the requirements for charac-terizing and interpreting the interactive mechanisms of regional urbanization and global en-vironmental change. This study constructed a regional Dynamic Urban Expansion Model (Reg-DUEM) suitable for different scenarios by integrating the Artificial Neural Network (ANN)and Cellular Automaton (CA) model. Firstly we analyzed the temporal and spatial character-istics of urban expansion and acquired a prior knowledge rules using land use/cover change datasets of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan metropolitan area. The future urban expansion under different scenarios is then simulated based on a baseline model, economic models, policy models and the structural adjustment model. The results indicate that Reg-DUEM has good reliability for a non-linear expansion simulation at regional scale influenced by macro-policies.The simulating results show that future urban expansion patterns from different scenarios of the metropolitan area have the tremendous spatio-temporal differences. Future urban ex-pansion will shift quickly from Beijing metropolis to the periphery of Tianjin and Tangshan city along coastal belt.     

静叶片钢冷轧变形的研究

本文对１Ｃｒ１１ＭｏＶ静叶片钢进行了冷轧变形的研究。确定了宽展面积与压缩面积的关系，各道次的宽展面积与压缩面积比值，宽展与压下量的关系，以及压下量沿轧件宽向的分布。为选择坯料外形和尺寸，孔型设计以及制定压下制度提供依据。     

应用GMM的快速火焰检测

基于视频图像的火焰检测是火灾预防研究的重要内容。为提高检测效率,首先使用具有自适应背景变化的 高斯混合模型(GMM)来检测场景中的运动物体。然后针对运动物体,提取颜色特征和面积变化特征。最后,根据得 到的特征来识别场景中是否有火焰发生。该方法不仅可有效检测到视频中的火焰帧,还避免了非火焰场景中对计算时 间的浪费。     

Mean waiting time evaluation of packet switches for centrally controlled PBX''s

The performance analysis of packet switched networks usually does not account for the loss of transmission bandwidth caused by the switch processing time. In wide area networks, where transmission channels are of the order of 64 kbps or less, this is a valid approach since switch processing time is negligible compared to average transmission times for packets. However, in Local Area Networks (LANs), the transmission channels are usually of the order of 1 mbps or greater and thus when evaluating the performance of a LAN that is based on a packet switch, it is necessary to consider the effect of the switch processing time which is now comparable to that of the average packet's transmission time. This paper investigates the effect of this processing time on network performance, and an exhaustive cyclic queueing algorithm to minimise this effect on overall network performance is discussed. An approximate analytical technique for evaluating the performance of such a LAN is derived. This technique makes it possible to do interactive calculations which can be used in the provisioning and configuring of such networks.     

车载CAN网络中直接NM逻辑环的实现

为实时监控车载网络中的节点,在使用控制器区域网络(CAN)总线的车载网络中,设计并实现一种基于OSEK/VDX规范直接网络管理(NM)的车载NM系统。由车载网关通过CAN总线收集各网络节点的故障信息,通过IPv6无线网络上传至远程故障诊断服务器,并将得到的故障处理信息下发至有关节点,实现车载CAN网络与远程故障诊断服务器的信息交互。测试结果表明,各网络节点上线后能快速建立稳定的逻辑环通信,并为远程故障诊断提供操作平台。     

Coverage and connectivity issues in wireless sensor networks: A survey

Sensing coverage and network connectivity are two of the most fundamental problems in wireless sensor networks. Finding an optimal node deployment strategy that would minimize cost, reduce computation and communication overhead, be resilient to node failures, and provide a high degree of coverage with network connectivity is extremely challenging. Coverage and connectivity together can be treated as a measure of quality of service in a sensor network; it tells us how well each point in the region is covered and how accurate is the information gathered by the nodes. Therefore, maximizing coverage as well as maintaining network connectivity using the resource constrained nodes is a non-trivial problem. In this survey article, we present and compare several state-of-the-art algorithms and techniques that aim to address this coverage–connectivity issue.     

车载CAN总线脱离攻击及其入侵检测算法

CAN总线脱离攻击作为一种新型的攻击方式,通过CAN总线通信的错误处理机制,可以使节点不断产生通信错误并从CAN总线上脱离。针对上述攻击所引发的车载CAN总线通信安全问题,提出了一种车载CAN总线脱离攻击入侵检测算法。首先,总结了车载CAN总线脱离攻击发生的条件与特点,指出正常报文与恶意报文的同步发送是实现总线脱离攻击的难点,并利用前置报文满足同步发送的条件来实现总线脱离攻击。其次,提取了CAN总线脱离攻击的特征,通过累计错误帧的发送数量,并根据报文发送频率的变化实现了对CAN总线脱离攻击的检测。最后,利用基于STM32F407ZGT6的CAN通信节点模拟车内电子控制单元（ECU）,实现了恶意报文和被攻击报文的同步发送。进行了CAN总线脱离攻击实验和入侵检测算法的验证。实验结果表明,检测算法对高优先级恶意报文的检测率在95%以上,因此可以有效保护车载CAN总线通信网络的安全。